Distribution of α-Amylase Activity in Selected Broiler Tissues

Rodeheaver, D.; Wyatt, R. D.

doi:10.3382/ps.0650325

Cited by 11 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…It contains complex carbohydrates and acts to lubricate the mucosal membranes, facilitates transport of nutrients across mucosal membranes and exerts a chemical/mechanical defense of the mucosa against pathogens. There is also evidence for the starch digesting enzyme, alpha amylase, in the oral cavity coming from the salivary glands (Jerrett and Goodge, 1973;Rodeheaver and Wyatt, 1986). The amylase may be breaking down starch during transit and storage of ingesta in the crop and proventiculus.…”

Section: Mouthmentioning

confidence: 98%

Biology of the Gastrointestinal Tract in Poultry

Scanes

Pierzchała-Koziec

2014

Avian Biology Research

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This review provides an overview of the anatomy and physiology of the gastro-intestinal tract (GIT) of poultry, particularly of the domesticated chicken. The structure and functioning of the major regions of the GIT are discussed bringing together recent studies with the older, often neglected, literature. Attention is focused on the GIT as an immune organ and on GIT fermentation/bacterial colonisation. In addition, the interactions of nutrition with GIT biology are discussed. The roles of neuropeptides and hormones on the development and functioning of the GIT are extensively reviewed.

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Section: Mouthmentioning

confidence: 98%

Biology of the Gastrointestinal Tract in Poultry

Scanes

Pierzchała-Koziec

2014

Avian Biology Research

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“…These results are in agreement with those of other researchers (Kosa et al, 2004, Sabatakou et al, 2006, Debray et al, 2001), who described a significantly increase of α-amylase activity according to the progress of age up to 35-day old rabbits, at the level of intestine. (B) On the con trary, the α-amylase activity in 35-day old ERE rabbits showed that the α-amylase activity and concentration in both blood plasma and intestinal epithelium were significantly (a=0.05) decreased (Philips andFuller, 1983, Rodeheaves andWyatt, 1986). …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Histochemical and biochemical study of rabbit intestine in healthy and affected by epizootic enteropathy animals

Xylouri

Sabatakou²,

Kaldrymidou

et al. 2017

J Hellenic Vet Med Soc

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Rabbits are suffering from Epizootic Rabbit Enteropathy (ERE), a new gastro-intestinal syndrome of unknown aetiology. ERE has not yet been investigated thoroughly from the patho-physiological point of view of the intestine malfunction during the intestine dysbiosis. For this reason, the aim of the present research was to study the haematological profile, the intestine histopathology and certain biochemical parameters (α-amylase activity, blood glucose concentration) of animals affected by ERE in comparison with those of healthy rabbits of the same age. In six healthy and six, affected by ERE, crossbreed New Zealand X California 35-day old rabbits, the following analyses were performed: Total blood count, histopathological morphology of the intestine, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) distribution in intestine brush border and α-amylase activity in blood plasma and small intestine epithelium, respectively. Total blood count showed significantly (at 95% confidence level) decreased values for all blood parameters except for the white blood cell count, which proved to be significantly higher compared in ERE rabbits to that of normal rabbits. The a-amylase activity and concentration in blood plasma and intestinal epithelium were significantly (a=0.05) decreased, in contrast to blood glucose concentration, that was found to be significantly increased in ERE rabbits. Stomach was full of watery content, intestine presented non-specific enteropathy and mainly the small intestine was full of gas and watery content. Caecal and colon presented impaction and mucus was present in the colon. The histopathological evaluation of the ileum, sacculus rotundus, caecum and colon presented, mainly, lamina propria mononuclear cell infiltration and swelling, vacuolation, flattening and denuding of the enterocytes as well as oedematous lymphoid tissues. Duodenum had necrotic villi and deep infiltration with mononuclear and polymorphonuclear cells, within the lamina propria. Also swelling, vacuolation, flattening, enterocytes denuding and oedematous lymphoid tissue were observed. Jejunum had no lesions. The caecum and the colon presented an ALP positive reaction along the brush border of the epithelial cells. The small intestine presented a positive reaction along the brush border of intestinal glands-upper part- cells only and the bases of a few of the villi.

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“…Amylase is found in the liver, bile, saliva, and pancreas, with the pancreas being the major source. Amylase activity, therefore, can be used to diagnose pancreatic function [42]. γglutamyl transpeptidase is a cell membrane enzyme related to glutathione metabolism and amino acid absorption in the glomerulus and small intestine [43].…”

Section: Trialmentioning

confidence: 99%

Two-Stage Fermented Feather Meal Enhances Growth Performance and Amino Acid Digestibility in Broilers

2023

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The study aimed to investigate the dose tolerance of enzymatically degraded feather meal (EFM) in the diet, and the effect of the two-stage fermented feather meal on the growth performance and amino acid digestibility of broilers. In trial 1, 160 one-day-old broilers were randomly assigned into 0, 10, 15, and 20% EFM groups. In trial 2, 160 one-day-old broilers were randomly assigned into control, 10% EFM, Bacillus subtilis var. natto N21 + B. coagulans L12 fermented EFM (BBEFM), and B. subtilis var. natto N21 + Saccharomyces cerevisiae Y10 fermented EFM (BSEFM) groups. Trial 3 involved 32 twenty-one-day-old male broilers randomly assigned into nitrogen-free diet, highly digestible protein, EFM, and BSEFM groups for a 7-day metabolic trial. During all of the feeding periods, increasing the EFM dosage in the diet linearly and quadratically inhibited weight gain (WG), feed intake, and feed conversion ratio (FCR) (p < 0.05), except the FCR at 22–35 days (p > 0.05). Dietary inclusion of more than 15% resulted in a negative impact on growth performance over days 1–35 (p < 0.05). Therefore, the EFM dose tolerance in the broiler diet is 10%. The WG, FCR, and production efficiency factor of the BSEFM group were better than those of the control group in days 1–35 (p < 0.05). The apparent and standardized ideal amino acid digestibility of BSEFM was higher than EFM in trial 3, except for Met, Cys, and Trp (p < 0.05). In conclusion, the EFM dose tolerance for the broiler diet is 10%. Bacillius subtilis var. natto N21 + S. cerevisiae Y10 fermentation can improve the amino acid digestibility of EFM and enhance broiler growth performance.

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Distribution of α-Amylase Activity in Selected Broiler Tissues

Cited by 11 publications

References 16 publications

Biology of the Gastrointestinal Tract in Poultry

Biology of the Gastrointestinal Tract in Poultry

Histochemical and biochemical study of rabbit intestine in healthy and affected by epizootic enteropathy animals

Two-Stage Fermented Feather Meal Enhances Growth Performance and Amino Acid Digestibility in Broilers

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