Distribution of Thy-1 Differentiation Alloantigen in the Rat Nervous System and in a Cell Line Derived from a Rat Peripheral Neurinoma

Acton, Ronald T.; Pfeiffer, S. E.

doi:10.1159/000112562

Cited by 13 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 35 publications

(43 reference statements)

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“…However, the intensity and specific expression pattern varies considerably between species. Moderate staining of the teleost spleen is in accordance to the situation in rat, 34 dogs, and humans, 19 where also moderate amounts of Thy-1 could be detected, but in contrast to the situation in sheep 35 where Thy-1 expression is reportedly strong. Strong staining of the basement membranes of the kidney tubules has been reported in rat and human, but not in mouse, 33 whereas staining of the epidermis has been reported for human microvascular endothelium and perivascular dendritic cells 36 as well as murine epidermis.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

Evolutionary Analysis and Expression of Teleost Thy-1

et al. 2004

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Thy-1 is a developmentally regulated, immunoglobulin superfamily member (IgSF), glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchored cell surface glycoprotein expressed most strongly in neurons and lymphocytes. Thy-1 is expressed in all vertebrates and has been implicated in a variety of processes, including axon regeneration and transmembrane signaling, but its specific function remains elusive. A Thy-1-like molecule in teleost fish was recently identified, with evidence for its role in lipid-raft based signal transduction linked to optic nerve regeneration. For a better characterization of Thy-1, the evolutionary relationships between novel fish homologues and other vertebrate Thy-1s were analyzed. Although the sequence similarity between fish and mammals is very low, there appeared conservation of gene structure and disrupted but recognizable synteny. In addition, the detailed expression analysis of teleost Thy-1 showed nervous system Thy-1 mainly in sensory systems. Strong Thy-1 expression was detected in the youngest retinal ganglion cells and in some neurons in deeper retinal layers, probably amacrine cells. From the olfactory bulbs, Thy-1-positive cells extended axons into the telencephalon. The vagal lobe stained intensively as well as facial and glossopharyngeal lobes and nerves. Outside the CNS, skin cells, blood vessels, kidney macrophages, swim bladder, spleen, gut-associated nerve fibers and the palatal organ were labeled.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

Evolutionary Analysis and Expression of Teleost Thy-1

et al. 2004

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“…Previous estimates of the level of Thy-1 in nervous tissue have measured the antigen as a function of the protein content, or wet weight, of tissue (Reif and Allen, 1964;Acton and Pfeiffer, 1978;Barclay and Hyden, 1978;Watanabe et al, 1981;Morris and Raisman, 1983). This paper demonstrates that the values so obtained primarily reflect the density of axonal plasma membrane in nerve, rather than the density of Thy-1 on the axonal surface.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 69%

Density of Thy‐1 on Axonal Membrane of Different Rat Nerves

Beech

Morris

Raisman

1983

Journal of Neurochemistry

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The density of the cell surface antigen, Thy-1, has been measured on the axonal plasma membrane of the optic and hypoglossal nerves, and on the sympathetic (preganglionic) chain of the superior cervical ganglion in the rat. For each, the amount of Thy-1 in a standard length of nerve was determined. The amount of axonal plasma membrane in a similar length was then measured by use of a computer graphics system which determined the total length of membrane in electron micrographs of cross sections of nerve. The axons of the two peripheral nerves were found to have a similar density (1100-1500 molecules/microns2) of Thy-1 on their surface, and this was two- to threefold higher than the density on axons of optic nerve (500 molecules/microns2). These figures indicate that the density of Thy-1 on the surface of these axons is somewhat lower than that found on the cells of the lymphoid system. Moreover, contrary to the impression gained from previous determinations of Thy-1 levels, axons in the peripheral nervous system do not necessarily have a lower density of Thy-1 on their surface than do those of the central nervous system.

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“…for the amount of Thy-1 on nerves, the most important finding was that all nerves examined had detectable levels of antigen. Despite the discrepancies in the level of Thy-1 in some nerves as reported by previous investigators, the general impression to emerge from earlier work is that the level of Thy-1 in the peripheral nervous system is less, and perhaps markedly less, than that found in central nervous tissue (Reif and Allen, 1964;Barclay and Hyden, 1978;Acton and Pfeiffer, 1978;Watanabe et al, 1981). Although we found the level of Thy-1 in the peripheral nervous system to be generally higher than had previously been considered, it was, with the notable exception of the SCG, still lower than that found on central nervous tissue.The sensitivity of the cryostat assay enabled us to measure the Thy-1 level on a number of nerves that contain a relatively homogeneous population of axons.…”

Section: Jmentioning

confidence: 75%

“…Studies of its distribution in vivo have generally indicated its presence on neurons (Barclay and Hyden, 1978;Barclay, 1979;McKenzie and Fabre, 1981), although the resolution obtained in immunohistochemical studies to date has been inadequate to exclude its presence on nonneuronal elements of the nervous system. In the course of immunohistochemical studies of the distribution of Thy-1 in rat nervous tissue (manuscript in preparation), we observed an apparent abundance of the antigen in such sites as the optic nerve and superior cervical ganglion (SCG), where previous investigators had been able to measure little or no Thy-1 (Acton and Pfeiffer, 1978;Watanabe et al, 1981). We therefore reinvestigated the amount of antigen in these and some other areas of the rat nervous system.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimation of Thy‐1 in Cryostat Sections of Nervous Tissue

Morris

Raisman

1983

Journal of Neurochemistry

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The conventional assay for measuring cell surface antigens--the quantitative absorption of antibody by tissue homogenates--proved inadequate when used to determine the level of Thy-1 glycoprotein in rat nerves and peripheral ganglia. In this paper we report that the binding of 125I-labelled Fab fragments of a monoclonal anti-Thy-1 antibody to cryostat sections is sufficiently sensitive to give consistent estimates of the Thy-1 level on single samples of even small nerves. Observed levels of Thy-1 were generally higher than had previously been thought, and in particular we found no nerves totally lacking the antigen. The lowest levels (6-10 pmol/mg protein) were in peripheral nerves with a large motor component. Autonomic and sensory nerves had higher levels (15-20 pmol/mg protein). The highest levels were on the optic nerve (34 pmol/mg protein), superior cervical sympathetic ganglion (40 pmol/mg protein), and the cerebellar vermis (46 pmoles/mg protein; the only brain region examined in this study). From a practical point of view, the cryostat assay has the advantage that measurements of Thy-1 can be done on sections from the same series as is used for immunohistochemical localisation.

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Distribution of Thy-1 Differentiation Alloantigen in the Rat Nervous System and in a Cell Line Derived from a Rat Peripheral Neurinoma

Cited by 13 publications

References 35 publications

Evolutionary Analysis and Expression of Teleost Thy-1

Evolutionary Analysis and Expression of Teleost Thy-1

Density of Thy‐1 on Axonal Membrane of Different Rat Nerves

Estimation of Thy‐1 in Cryostat Sections of Nervous Tissue

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