Distribution of the Strains of Multidrug-resistant, Extensively Drug-resistant, and Pandrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa Isolates from Burn Patients

Abstract

Background:Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic and Gram-negative pathogen that is used as the most important factor in burn wound infections, and due to the rapid acquisition of multidrug resistance (MDR), it causes high mortality rates in these sectors. Thus, diagnosis and assessment of antibiotic resistance patterns are very important in these patients. The aim of this study was to evaluate antibiotic resistance pattern and determining P. aeruginosa MDR.Materials and Methods:In this study, phenotypic, biochemical, and polymerase chain reaction tests were used to identify P. aeruginosa from 120 wound burn samples that 96 samples were detected to P. aeruginosa species. In the next step, according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standard Institute standard guidelines, antibiogram test was performed by disk diffusion method for amikacin, ciprofloxacin, norfloxacin, gentamicin, cefepime, aztreonam, meropenem, colistin, ceftazidime, and piperacillin-tazobactam antibiotics. Antibiotic data were analyzed by WHONET software; finally, the rate of antibiotic resistance and MDR strains was determined.Results:The highest antibiotic resistance belonged to amikacin (94.8%) and norfloxacin (90.6%); in contrast, colistin (8.3%) had the lowest and the MDR strains were MDR (95.8%) and extensively drug resistance (XDR) (87.5%).Conclusion:In this study, there was MDR with an alarming rate including MDR (95.8%), XDR (87.5%), and pan-drug resistance (0%). As a result, given antibiotics to patients should be controlled by the antibiogram results to avoid increasing MDR strains.

Phenotypic and molecular detection of metallo-β-lactamase-producing Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates from patients with burns in Tehran, Iran

“…In total, these results indicate that the available choices for appropriate treatment of infection caused by these resistant isolates are currently limited. However, the data on colistin and polymyxin B used in our study were comparable to those in other studies [27][28][29] and, therefore, these are considered the antibiotics of choice against P. aeruginosa strains isolated from the patients with burn infections in this hospital. The presence of higher rates of resistance against the antimicrobial agents tested in the current study reflects the irrational and extensive administration of these antibiotics in our medical settings, which eventually resulted in the emergence of this resistance among bacterial isolates.…”

“…Among those, 69 (43.7%) isolates were MBL producers based on the MBL E-test. This frequency was higher than in other studies, such as in one report from India 29 and two other recent studies from Iran 30,31 .…”

Distribution of Ambler Class A Β-lactamase Genes and Evaluation of Resistance Patterns in Multi-Drug and Extensively-Drug Resistant P. aeruginosa Clinical Isolates

“…In Iran, most studies have reported high resistance rates to amikacin and aztreonam and low resistance rate to levofloxacin and polymexin B (22,23), which might indicate the imprudent use of amikacin and aztreonam in Iran. In the present study, 95% of the P. aeruginosa isolates were MDR, which is similar to the results of studies performed by Safaei et al (24) and Mirsalehian et al (25). However, this rate is lower than the rates reported by Katvoravutthichai (21,26,27).…”

Waste-grass-mediated green synthesis of silver nanoparticles and evaluation of their anticancer, antifungal and antibacterial activity

“…In this way, resistance to conventional antimicrobial agents in the market has been weekly reported at fungal species, leishmaniasis and pathogenic bacteria every week (9). Patients with cancer can undergo serious risk of infection as function these resistant infectious agents, in especial at the burn centers of many hospitals around the world (10). Therefore, research on the discovery of potential anticancer, antimicrobial (aseptic) and antifungal agent brings a clear vision for controlling and treating these diseases.…”