Distribution of the marine cyanobacteria Trichodesmium and their association with iron-rich particles in the South Atlantic Ocean

Bif, Mariana B.; Yúnes, João

doi:10.3354/ame01810

Cited by 15 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…In addition, a high density of Trichodesmium was found to generally occur near the thermocline at depths of 10–50 m (Figure ), which is characterized by relatively abundant DIP and low turbidity (high light penetration; Figures and S5) (Bian et al, ). This vertical distribution is comparable to that described for the southern ECS (Chang et al, ) and other seas (Berthelot et al, ; Bif & Yunes, ; Carpenter & Price, ; Chen et al, ). For example, Chen et al () observed Trichodesmium to be distributed mainly in the top 60 m at a maximum depth of 10 m in the northern SCS.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

“…Using these two methods, colonial trichomes (which accounted for <12% of total DID) were observed in the ECS ( Figure S2) in all seasons except for the spring, but no colonial form was observed in the SYS. The present extreme low contribution of the colonial form is consistent with that noted in previous studies conducted in the southern ECS and adjacent Kuroshio Saino & Hattori, 1980), SCS (Wu et al, 2003;Zhang et al, 2015), station ALOHA (Letelier & Karl, 1996), and the eastern North Atlantic subtropical gyre (Taboada et al, 2010) but is much lower than that reported in the North Pacific subtropical gyre (>70%) (Sohm, Subramaniam, et al, 2011), tropical North Atlantic (≥89%) (Carpenter et al, 2004), and the Brazilian shelf break in the South Atlantic (>90%) (Bif & Yunes, 2017). Our study shows a considerably higher colonial density of Trichodesmium in the offshore ECS (which is controlled by the Kuroshio) than in the inshore ECS.…”

Section: Collection Methods and Population Structure Of Trichodesmiumsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…For example, Trichodesmium on the offshore West Florida shelf increased 100-fold (at a surface density of~20 colonies L À1 ) with respect to sharply increasing (~32-160-fold) Fe concentrations, following a Saharan dust event in July 1999 (Lenes et al, 2001). Early works have also confirmed that Trichodesmium (particularly puff colonies) actively capture and use dust and mineral Fe as a source and thereby enhance Fe bioavailability compared with other phytoplankton (Bif & Yunes, 2017;Rubin et al, 2011).…”

Section: Long-term Changes In Trichodesmium Density and Comparison Wimentioning

confidence: 98%

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Seasonal and Spatial Changes in Trichodesmium Associated With Physicochemical Properties in East China Sea and Southern Yellow Sea

Jiang

Zhai

et al. 2018

JGR Biogeosciences

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Trichodesmium is broadly distributed and occasionally blooms in the East China Sea (ECS) and southern Yellow Sea, where it contributes to local N and C budgets. However, its population structure, spatiotemporal distribution, controlling factors, and N2 fixation remain poorly documented. Here we provide high spatial resolution data sets of Trichodesmium during the four seasons of 2011–2012 using water‐ and net‐collected methods. The net‐collected method captures colonial trichomes of Trichodesmium effectively but results in an underestimation of free trichomes. Colonies are rarely observed and occur only on the ECS shelf, which are easily missed in water‐collected samples. Depth‐integrated densities of Trichodesmium were found to be significantly higher in warm seasons than in cold seasons. Maximum densities in the water column were generally found at depths of 10–50 m. Trichodesmium thrives on the oligotrophic, warm, offshore ECS shelf (controlled by the Kuroshio and Taiwan Warm Current), but restrains in the cold southern Yellow Sea and the eutrophic, inshore ECS. Seasonal and spatial variations in Trichodesmium are closely correlated with physicochemical properties (mainly temperature and P), which are primarily controlled by circulation alteration and water mass movement. The N2 fixation rates of Trichodesmium in the ECS in summer and autumn (>20°C) are roughly estimated at 17.1 and 41.7 μmol N m−2 d−1 under nonbloom conditions, which potentially contribute to 81% and 57% of biological N2 fixation, respectively. Compared with historical data since the 1970s, Trichodesmium densities have increased considerably in all seasons, and the distribution boundary has shifted northward under regional warming and hydrological changes.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Collection Methods and Population Structure Of Trichodesmiumsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Long-term Changes In Trichodesmium Density and Comparison Wimentioning

confidence: 98%

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Seasonal and Spatial Changes in Trichodesmium Associated With Physicochemical Properties in East China Sea and Southern Yellow Sea

Jiang

Zhai

et al. 2018

JGR Biogeosciences

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“…The colonies were further reported to accelerate the dissolution rate of dust and mineral iron and hence increase their bioavailability (Rubin et al 2011). The findings from the Gulf of Aqaba were recently extended to the Brazilian coast where associations between Trichodesmium colonies and Fe-rich particles were documented (Bif and Yunes 2017). Hence, cosmopolitan Trichodesmium colonies in the oligotrophic tropical ocean gyres can be an important platform to retain particulate Fe in the upper ocean, which also receives aeolian dust deposits (Sohm et al 2011;Sabeur et al 2016).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Mineral iron utilization by natural and cultured Trichodesmium and associated bacteria

Basu

Shaked

2018

Limnology & Oceanography

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The high iron (Fe) demands of Trichodesmium, a keystone nitrogen‐fixing cyanobacterium, are often met by dust deposition at the ocean surface. Following up on our findings of unique dust capturing and processing by Trichodesmium, we explored the ability of natural Trichodesmium colonies from the Gulf of Aqaba and Fe‐limited laboratory culture (IMS101) to obtain Fe from the mineral ferrihydrite and compete with their epibiotic bacteria for this Fe source. To study this complex system, we carefully optimized a radiotracer method ensuring complete removal of external ferrihydrite and efficient separation of bacteria from the colonies. Trichodesmium‐only uptake rates of natural colonies were 5–50 times faster than those of laboratory culture, suggesting that natural colonies acquire ferrihydrite at a greater efficiency. In some days, total uptake rates of natural colonies exceeded dissolved Fe release from ferrihydrite, indicating that the colonies enhance the mineral dissolution rate. Furthermore, uptake rates of bacteria associated with natural colonies were faster than those of bacteria associated with the culture, implying that the bacteria benefit from the Trichodesmium‐enhanced mineral dissolution. At the cellular level, surface area normalized uptake rates of bacteria always exceeded those of cultured Trichodesmium, but in natural populations, the dominance shifted between Trichodesmium and bacteria on different days. At the community level, when accounting for the total bacteria and Trichodesmium cells, Trichodesmium dominated Fe uptake in both cultured and natural colonies. Overall, our findings suggest that natural Trichodesmium colonies are exceptionally adapted for accessing mineral Fe and maintaining a sustainable relationship with their associated bacteria.

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“…The global occurrence of Trichodesmium is of undoubted importance to biogeochemical cycles, especially nitrogen and carbon (Capone et al, 1997;Westberry and Siegel, 2006); however, the majority of studies involving Trichodesmium are restricted to the North Atlantic and North Pacific Subtropical Gyres (Villareal and Carpenter, 2003;LaRoche and Breithbarth, 2005), and the genus is often under-studied in other oceans. More recent reports of Trichodesmium in the Andaman Sea (Arun Kumar et al, 2012), coast of India (Srinivas and Sarin, 2013) and Southwest Atlantic Ocean (Silva, 2005;Silva et al, 2008;Detoni et al, 2016a,b;Bif and Yunes, 2017) suggest they are important members of the microbial community composition in those regions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Microplankton Community Composition Associated With Toxic Trichodesmium Aggregations in the Southwest Atlantic Ocean

et al. 2019

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The spatial distribution and species identification of Trichodesmium was assessed during two fall cruises along the Southwest Atlantic Ocean shelf break. Organisms from the microplankton >50 µm were collected using a vertical plankton net for quantification and identification of the microplanktonic community associated with the genus. Additional sub-samples were filtered and prepared for quantification and discrimination of phycotoxins from the particulate matter using High Performance Liquid Chromatography. Physical parameters such as temperature, salinity, wind speed, and mixed layer depth were used in order to evaluate the environmental conditions at the time of sampling and correlate with Trichodesmium occurrence. Overall, Trichodesmium abundances were higher in the northernmost stations under wind speeds of <8 knots and shallow mixed layer depths <40 m. Besides frequent reports on the occurrence of T. erythraeum and T. thiebautii for this region, we identified three species as T. clevei, T. hildebrandtii, and T. radians. In the majority of stations where Trichodesmium was not the dominant organism, other microplanktonic groups were present such as centric diatoms and dinoflagellates. The toxin analysis was positive for saxitoxins predominantly when Trichodesmium was at high numbers of trichomes per liter in the stations; however, there was an inverse relationship between abundance of trichomes and toxin concentrations. Using information from the environmental variables and Trichodesmium abundance, we suggest that the toxin production might take place during the aggregation phase of trichomes at surface, and that saxitoxins could be inhibiting the growth of other microplanktonic organisms.

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Distribution of the marine cyanobacteria Trichodesmium and their association with iron-rich particles in the South Atlantic Ocean

Abstract: Figure S1: An example of how the vertical plankton net works at a given layer.

Cited by 15 publications

References 32 publications

Seasonal and Spatial Changes in Trichodesmium Associated With Physicochemical Properties in East China Sea and Southern Yellow Sea

Seasonal and Spatial Changes in Trichodesmium Associated With Physicochemical Properties in East China Sea and Southern Yellow Sea

Mineral iron utilization by natural and cultured Trichodesmium and associated bacteria

Microplankton Community Composition Associated With Toxic Trichodesmium Aggregations in the Southwest Atlantic Ocean

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