Distribution of Stanniocalcin 1 in Rat Kidney and Its Regulation by Vitamin D₃

Abstract

Stanniocalcin is a glycoprotein hormone first described in fish as a hypocalcemic factor, and recently its mammalian counterpart has been identified. Localization of stanniocalcin 1 and its regulation of expression were determined in control and 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D₃-treated rats. Immunoreactivity for stanniocalcin 1 was detected in the loop of Henle, macula densa cells, distal convoluted tubule (DCT), and cortical collecting duct (CCD), and also faintly in the medullary collecting ducts. Pre-embedding electron-microscopic immunocytochemistry revealed stanniocalcin 1 in the apical membrane of cells of loop of Henle, DCT, and principal cells of CCD. The expression of stanniocalcin 1 was increased by elevated plasma calcium via 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D₃ treatment. In conclusion, stanniocalcin 1 was expressed in the apical membrane of distal nephron segments and enhanced by vitamin D₃.

Up-regulation of stanniocalcin 1 expression by 1,25-dihydroxy vitamin D3 and parathyroid hormone in renal proximal tubular cells

“…These results could support previous in vivo experiments that 1,25(OH) 2 D 3 could increase the STC1 expression in kidney. (13,29,30) Interestingly, we also found that PTH stimulated the STC1 mRNA expression in OK-P cells and rat kidney. In contrast, the STC2 gene expression in OK-P cells was down-regulated by PTH as well as our previous experiment.…”

“…3D). Although hyperphosphatemia or hypercalcemia or calcitriol increases the STC1 gene expression, (13,29,30) we characterized that 1,25(OH) 2 D 3 and PTH directly up-regulates the STC1 gene in real proximal tubular cells. Because 1,25(OH) 2 D 3 and PTH have been well-known as major hormones regulating calcium and phosphate homeostasis in kidney and intestine, (31) therefore, our finding in this study about the up-regulation of STC1 gene by 1,25(OH) 2 D 3 and PTH may be able to understand the physiological significance of STC1 as a calcium/phosphate-regulating hormone.…”

Stanniocalcin 1 effects on the renal gluconeogenesis pathway in rat and fish

“…Human and rat STC1 share 99% identity and the recombinant hSTC1 has been previously used in studies in rat Moreau et al, 2012;Ookata et al, 2001). Recombinant fish STC1-A and STC1-B isoforms (from puffer fish, Tetraodon nigroviridis) were produced and kindly provided by Dr. Mirjam Czjzek (Groisillier et al, 2010).…”

Endocrine Regulation of Calcium Transport in Epithelia

“…Although originally identified in fish, mammalian homologues, including those in humans 149 and mice, 150 have been identified and the receptors for mammalian stanniocalcin have been characterized 151 . Stanniocalcin gene expression in mammalian kidney, intestine, colon and placenta has been observed 149–152 . Stannniocalcin has been shown to reduce intestinal Ca 2+ transport, but enhance phosphate absorption in rat and swine, 153 suggesting that its main function in mammals may be to prevent hypercalcaemia.…”

“…151 Stanniocalcin gene expression in mammalian kidney, intestine, colon and placenta has been observed. [149][150][151][152] Stannniocalcin has been shown to reduce intestinal Ca 2+ transport, but enhance phosphate absorption in rat and swine, 153 suggesting that its main function in mammals may be to prevent hypercalcaemia. However, overexpression of stannniocalcin in mice resulted in high serum phosphate, dwarfism and increased metabolic rate.…”