Abstract:In earthquake resistant design of r. c. frame structures with unreinforced masonry infill walls, containing different in size and position window and door openings, confining elements (tiecolumns) are crucial component of seismic detailing of the structure. Having construction of the masonry infill wall without confining elements along opening edges, seismic response prediction becomes unreliable, due to uncontrolled sequenced failure mode of masonry infill walls, its out-of-plane instability, unfavorable crac… Show more
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