Distribution of Several Heavy Metals in Tidal Flats Sediments within Bahía Blanca Estuary (Argentina)

Botté, Sandra Elizabeth; Freije, Rubén Hugo; Marcovecchio, Jorge Eduardo

doi:10.1007/s11270-009-0260-0

Cited by 74 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Comparison of sediment quality with USEPA guidelines. Sediment quality, a significant aspect of aquatic ecosystems, is mainly controlled by parent material 92 , land use 93,94 , climate 95 , and mixing with saline water due to tidal effect in lower reaches of coastal rivers 96,97 as in the case of the Shatt Al-Arab River. The most notable land uses in the Shatt Al-Arab basin are industrial and commercial activities that accompanied the oil industry in the southern region of Iraq 98 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatio-temporal variability and pollution sources identification of the surface sediments of Shatt Al-Arab River, Southern Iraq

Allafta

Opp

2020

Sci Rep

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Water draining from heavily industrialized basins introduces significant amounts of pollutants to the rivers water and sediments. Heavy industrial activities in the Shatt Al-Arab basin result in increased pollutant loads to the river's surface sediments. Therefore, it becomes crucial to investigate the influence of anthropogenic activities on both spatial and temporal scales. This study unfolded the extent, sources, and distributions of heavy metals pollution in the sediments of the Shatt Al-Arab River. Extensive samplings were performed during the dry and the wet seasons at 25 stations along the river course for the analysis of 11 heavy metals. The analysis revealed high pollution levels in the river sediments compared to both their historical values and international standards. Statistical analysis techniques such as principal component Analysis (pcA) and factor Analysis (fA) were applied. Statistical analysis showed that all the elements were well represented by four varifactors that explained a cumulative total variance of 74%. PCA/FA indicated that most investigated metals were of anthropogenic origins (i.e., industrial, residential, and agricultural sources). pollution indices that were applied, such as contamination factor (cf) and nemerow pollution index (p n), indicated that sediments were: (i) considerably contaminated with fe and Mo (ii) moderately contaminated with cr, Zn, ni, cu, pb and Mn and (iii) not contaminated with co and V. the p n values indicated serious pollution in the river sediments in all sites, even though the pollution was not evenly distributed, i.e., the upstream reaches of the river were more polluted compared to the downstream parts. In contrast to many studies that have reported changes in heavy metals concentrations due to seasonal variations, our data showed no significant relationship between metals concentrations and seasonality. This study addresses several of the major limitations of the current knowledge on this river's pollution sources and analysis, such as the limited number of analyzed pollutants and restricted samplings in the current literature. The findings necessitate the implementation of effective management strategies to control pollution in the river basin. Basra Governorate, the economic capital of Iraq, is the third-largest city in the country with a population of around three million 1. Considered to be the center of the oil industry in Iraq, Basra contributes significantly to the growing national economy (above 70% of the gross national product) 2. However, the economic growth that the country is experiencing has come at a high cost. Such growth has caused severe environmental degradations that not only threatens the environment but also made the resulting economic growth difficult to maintain 3,4. The Shatt Al-Arab River, formed by the confluence of the Euphrates and Tigris rivers and empties in the Arabian Gulf, is the primary freshwater source in a rather arid area surrounding Basra 5. The river provides lifeline benefits shared by millions of people liv...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatio-temporal variability and pollution sources identification of the surface sediments of Shatt Al-Arab River, Southern Iraq

Allafta

Opp

2020

Sci Rep

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“…Dissolved metal concentrations are usually low, but the particulate forms of some metals are in higher concentrations than in other polluted estuaries ( Colla et al, submitted). Regarding metals in sediments, the concentrations in tidal flats were lower than those reported for other estuarine systems (Botté et al, 2010;Serra et al, 2017;Simonetti et al, 2017). The anthropogenic impact depends on different local pressures: cities, industries, cattle production and cropping.…”

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 88%

Uptake and accumulation of metals in Spartina alterniflora salt marshes from a South American estuary

Negrin

Botté

Colla

et al. 2019

Science of The Total Environment

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Salt marshes are capable of reducing metal pollution in coastal waters, but this capacity is highly dependent on the metal, the physico-chemical characteristics of the sediment, the plant species, the production of biomass, the time of the year, etc. The aim of this study was to assess the uptake and accumulation of Pb, Ni, Cu and Zn in Spartina alterniflora from three salt marshes within the Bahía Blanca estuary (BBE), a human-impacted Argentinean system. Metal concentrations in sediments and plants showed the same order at all sites: Zn > Cu > Pb ≥ Ni. The site with lower organic matter and fine sediment content had lower metal concentrations in the sediments, but not a lower metal content in the plant tissues, meaning that the sediment characteristics influenced the metal concentrations in the sediment and their uptake by plants. Despite differences in sediment characteristics between sites, metals were always higher in the belowground tissues than in aboveground ones and, in general, higher in dead than in live tissues. Some metals were accumulated in plant tissues, but not others, and this is dependent on the metal and the sediment characteristics. Allocation patterns of metals in tissues of S. alterniflora were mainly dependent on metal concentrations, determining higher belowground pools, but the aboveground pools were important in some cases due to higher biomass. Partitioning of metals in above or belowground pools determines their fate within the estuarine system, since tissues can decompose in situ (belowground) or be exported (aboveground). Seasonal dynamics were important for some variables but were less noticeable than the differences between sites and tissues. Our results indicate that S. alterniflora from the BBE is efficient in accumulating some metals, despite usually low metal concentrations in sediments and plants. This accumulation capacity has implications for the whole system through the fate of the tissues.

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“…In addition to and in the light of the importance of organic matter in the diet of M. liza and the presence of organic and inorganic toxic substances associated with sediments at the southern limit of its distribution (BOTTÉ et al, 2010;ROSSO et al, 2013), it is important that the intake and accumulation of these elements through the diet of M. liza should be analyzed. Our results show a different habitat-species relationship at the southern limit of the distributional range of M. liza and thus it is necessary to investigate other methods of study for the identification of different populations of M. liza on the Buenos Aires coast (applied parasite studies, genetics, otolith microchemistry, etc.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trophic ecology of Mugil liza at the southern limit of its distribution (Buenos Aires, Argentina)

et al. 2015

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In order to get to know the habitat and feeding habits of Mugil liza on the southern coast of Buenos Aires province, 65 specimens obtained at two sampling sites - the San Blas bay (SBB) and the mouth of the Quequén-Salado river (QSR) - during spring (November 2012) and summer (February 2013) were analyzed. Specimens were measured, sexed and weighed, their stomachs were removed and their stomach contents weighed and analyzed under the stereoscopic microscope. The specimens were adults, 28-49 cm in length and weighing 380-1100 g. Population growth was higher in the SBB (TW: 0.003*TL3.36), than in RQS (TW: 0.045*TL2.61). About 98% of the stomachs had some content, their repletion rate being of between 0.4 and 1.2%. About 75% of the stomachs contained very fine sand with few benthic organisms (algae, copepods, foraminifera), whereas the remaining 25% of stomachs contained coarse sand and a greater presence of benthic fauna (amphipods, bivalves, gastropods and coral organisms). The linear relationship between the weight of stomach contents and the total weight and length of the fish showed that the rates of growth (slope) were the same at both sites, but intercept values were significantly higher for San Blas bay (test parallelism; p < 0.001).

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Distribution of Several Heavy Metals in Tidal Flats Sediments within Bahía Blanca Estuary (Argentina)

Cited by 74 publications

References 36 publications

Spatio-temporal variability and pollution sources identification of the surface sediments of Shatt Al-Arab River, Southern Iraq

Spatio-temporal variability and pollution sources identification of the surface sediments of Shatt Al-Arab River, Southern Iraq

Uptake and accumulation of metals in Spartina alterniflora salt marshes from a South American estuary

Trophic ecology of Mugil liza at the southern limit of its distribution (Buenos Aires, Argentina)

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