Distribution of rose bengal stained deep-sea benthic foraminifera from the Nova Scotian continental margin and Gulf of Maine

Corliss, Bruce H.; Emerson, Steven

doi:10.1016/0198-0149(90)90015-n

Cited by 374 publications

(189 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…The interpretation of staining of benthic foraminifera is rather subjective. One problem of this technique is the fact that Rose Bengal may stain the protoplasm of dead foraminifera, which may be relatively well preserved for a considerable period of time under the anoxic conditions that generally prevail deep in the sediment (Bernhard, 1988;Corliss and Emerson, 1990). As a consequence, a strict application of the staining criteria is most times easy in superficial samples, but may become more critical in the deeper levels.…”

Section: Study Area Materials and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The almost perfect separation between the group of superficial infaunal taxa (dominated by Nuttallides umboniferus, U. peregrina and U. mediterranea) from a deep infaunal assemblages (dominated by Globobulimina affinis) is striking. The appearance of more oligotrophic shallow infaunal taxa such as H. elegans, N. umboniferus and C. pachydermus (compare Corliss, 1985;Corliss and Emerson, 1990;Corliss, 1991), shows the influence of the gradually decreasing organic flux towards deeper areas. Also rather oligotrophic arborescent agglutinated taxa (Jones and Charnock, 1985), which have not been included in our counting results, are very abundant at this station (575 fragments).…”

Section: Faunal Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These shallow infaunal species have been described in a wide variety of eutrophic settings, needing an exported labile organic flux of at least 2.5 g C/m 2 /yr (e.g. Lutze and Coulbourne, 1984;Corliss, 1985;Corliss and Emerson, 1990;Corliss, 1991;De Rijk et al, 2000;Morigi et al, in press). They can be considered as feeding on labile organic matter in rather well oxygenated shallow infaunal microhabitats.…”

Section: Faunal Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Live benthic foraminiferal faunas from the Bay of Biscay: faunal density, composition, and microhabitats

Fontanier

Jorissen

Licari

et al. 2002

Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers

461

280

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In the meso-oligotrophic Bay of Biscay, a diminishing downward organic matter flux with depth is accompanied by an important decrease of the live foraminiferal density. Although bottom water oxygenation is not directly influenced by organic matter input, the oxygenation of interstitial waters and the primary redox fronts do change in response to variations of the organic matter flux. The occurrence of deep and intermediate infaunal taxa can be linked to fundamental redox fronts and putative associated bacterial consortia. Our data are in agreement with the TROXmodel, which explains the benthic foraminiferal microhabitat as a function of organic flux and benthic ecosystem oxygenation. Both the depth of the principle redox fronts and the microhabitat of deep infaunal species show important increases with depth. At the deepest oligotrophic stations, deep infaunal faunas become relatively poor. Therefore, the exported flux of organic matter appears to be the main parameter controlling the composition and the vertical distribution of benthic foraminiferal faunas below the sediment-water interface. The oxygenation of pore waters plays only a minor role. A species-level adaptation of the TROX-model is presented for the Bay of Biscay. r

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Section: Study Area Materials and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Faunal Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Faunal Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Live benthic foraminiferal faunas from the Bay of Biscay: faunal density, composition, and microhabitats

Fontanier

Jorissen

Licari

et al. 2002

Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers

461

280

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“…Romanek et al 1992) due to incorporation of 13C-depleted metabolic CO2 from a respiring host and its algal-bacterial symbionts (Erez 1978;Williams et al 198 1;Spero and Williams 1988 Benthic foraminifera1 613C departures from bottomwater values can most easily be explained by shell incorporation of :microhabitat pore-water DIC. This explanation is supported by field observations that many benthic foraminifera prefer specific downcore sediment microhabitats (e.g# Corliss 1985) and that microhabitat porewater 613C signatures have been positively correlated with concurrently collected benthic foraminifera1 shell 613C (e.g. McCorkle et al,.…”

mentioning

confidence: 74%

Sediment microhabitat effects on carbon stable isotopic signatures of microcosm‐cultured benthic foraminifera

Chandler

Williams

Spero

et al. 1996

Limnology & Oceanography

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Environmentally controlled sedimentary microcosms were used to experimentally determine temperature, salinity, and depth-horizon effects on 613C DIC profiles of dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) in sediment pore water (PW) and near-bottom water (BW). Simultaneously, benthic foraminifera1 populations of Ammonia beccarii were cultured and assayed for calcite 613C to establish how accurately foraminifera1 shells recorded BW-PW 813CDIC. One treatment population was restricted to the O-l -cm sediment depth; in another treatment, the population could freely "roam" up and down in the sediment microcosm. Pore-water DIC between the uppermost O-0.5-cm sediment layer and the overlying BW (i.e. 3 cm above the sediment-water interface) showed steep gradients of core-top AS13Cpw averaging -3.6-11.6Ym at 25°C and -2.6+0.5% at 20°C. Correspondingly, shell calcite 613C for A. beccarii collected from sediment microhabitats recorded a strong PW influence; V3C shell values averaged 1.1+0.8% lighter than BW V3C,, but 1.6 -L 0.6% enriched relative to average O-5-mm PW 613CDIC. Foraminifera restricted to the uppermost l-cm sediment depth throughout their lives exhibited shell calcite AV3C values not significantly different from foraminifera allowed to freeroam through the sediment column.Since the advent of stable isotopic investigation of calcitic microfossils in the 195Os, great effort has been directed toward exploiting stable isotopic information to reconstruct past oceanic and climatic conditions (e.g. Epstein et al. 1953; Emiliani 195 5;Duplessey et al. 1970). Such predictions are possible because the carbon and oxygen isotopic compositions of biogenic carbonates often exhibit fairly consistent relationships to the properties of ambient waters at the time of precipitation (Emiliani 195 5;O'Neil et al. 1969;Romanek et al. 1992). The application of these relationships to paleoceanic reconstructions via microfossils is based on the assumption that biogenic carbonate is precipitated either in equilibrium with the isotopic ratios of the ambient seawater environment or in consistent disequilibrium.When these assumptions are Acknowledgments

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“…Only the protoplasm of living and recently living foraminifera is believed to be stained by this Ž . method Corliss and Emerson, 1990 . Tests were also counted in two additional intervals in two of the Ž .…”

Section: Core Selectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A record of estuarine water contamination from the Cd content of foraminiferal tests in San Francisco Bay, California

Geen

Luoma

1999

Marine Chemistry

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A five-year dissolved Cd time series from San Francisco Bay and adjacent coastal water shows that the composition of surface water towards the mouth of the estuary is determined largely by the effect of coastal upwelling. Cd concentrations Ž . inside and outside the estuary 0.2-1.0 nmolrkg increase as Cd-rich deep water is advected to the surface near the coast Ž . during spring and summer. On average, the mean Cd concentrations inside San Francisco Bay 0.54 nmolrkg during Ž . 1991-1995 was significantly higher than outside 0.35 nmolrkg , however. Surface samples collected throughout San Francisco Bay confirm an internal Cd source unrelated to river discharge. The Cd content of the test of a benthic foraminifer Ž . Elphidiella hannai in a dated sediment core from San Francisco Bay was measured to determine if the water column Cd enrichments in San Francisco Bay could be related to the rapid development of the watershed. The method is based on the observation that the CdrCa ratio of carefully cleaned tests of foraminifera is determined by the dissolved Cd content of overlying water at the time of test formation. Pre-industrial foraminiferal CdrCa ratios in the sediment core average Ž . Ž . 274 " 15 nmolrmol n s 19 nmolrmol. Foraminiferal CdrCa ratios increased to 386 " 33 nmolrmol n s 19 over the past several decades indicating a 40% increase in the mean Cd content of surface water in Central San Francisco Bay. We suggest that, in addition to Cd discharges into the estuary, indirect consequences of agricultural development in the Central Valley of California could have contributed to this increase. This new method to reconstruct estuarine contamination is not affected by some of the processes that complicate the interpretation of changes in bulk sediment metal concentrations. q

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Distribution of rose bengal stained deep-sea benthic foraminifera from the Nova Scotian continental margin and Gulf of Maine

Cited by 374 publications

References 49 publications

Live benthic foraminiferal faunas from the Bay of Biscay: faunal density, composition, and microhabitats

Live benthic foraminiferal faunas from the Bay of Biscay: faunal density, composition, and microhabitats

Sediment microhabitat effects on carbon stable isotopic signatures of microcosm‐cultured benthic foraminifera

A record of estuarine water contamination from the Cd content of foraminiferal tests in San Francisco Bay, California

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