Distribution of root-knot nematode on major field crops in Uttar Pradesh (India)

Abstract

An extensive survey was conducted (2007)(2008)(2009) to assess the incidence and intensity of root-knot disease on field crops especially rice and vegetable crops in 21 districts, representing the major production centre in Uttar Pradesh (India). Based on incidence, population density and associated damage on affected crops, Meloidogyne species were considered to be the most important parasites of the crops under local condition. The increasing occurrence and damage of this nematode to tomato, rice, brinjal, okra, cowpea, cucurbits, onion, pumpkin and bitter gourd grown in northern India was recently documented. Heavy galling was caused in many crops including rice, tomato, okra, cowpea, onion, pumpkin, brinjal and bitter gourd; also root decay or reduced root system was common among these crops. Attacked plants had yellowish foliage, unthrifty growth and small slow growing fruits and poor yields. The extent of crop losses depends on the initial nematode population, susceptibility of the crop, cropping sequence, age of the plants, soil fertility and involvement of secondary pathogens.

Repellent and Nematostatic Behaviour of Botanical Extracts Against Root-Knot Nematode <i>Meloidogyne incognita</i> Attacking <i>Solanum melongena</i> L.

“…The roots of eggplant are a good source of medicinal value and act as anti-asthmatic and leaves are also used in asthma, bronchitis and cholera. Plant-parasitic nematodes are usually considered as hidden enemies which cause losses up to 80% and have been associated throughout with the vegetables in the severely infested fields [2][3]. Among the plantparasitic nematodes, the root-knot nematode is a specific pathogen to infect the roots of eggplant.…”

Effect of bacterial antagonists on Root knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita infecting brinjal

“…cause serious damage on a wide range of crops, especially on vegetables such as tomato, potato, eggplants, okra etc. in tropical and subtropical agriculture (Anamika et al, 2011). The young tender seedlings of various crops are very much vulnerable to attack by nematode while the older plants achieve some degree of tolerance.…”

Resistance Mechanisms of Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) to Root-Knot Nematodes (Meloidogyne species)

“…The size of the gall depends on age of infection, number of nematodes inside the gall, species of nematodes and host plants (Greco and Di Vito, 2010). The level of crop losses highly depends on the initial population of the nematodes, susceptibility of the crop, age of the plant, cropping sequence, and involvement of other pathogens (Anamika et al, 2011). In susceptible tomato varieties, root-knot nematodes cause delay in flowering, reduction in fresh and dry weight of roots, stems, and leaves; and reduction in fresh fruit yield (Udo et al, 2008).…”