Distribution of Risk Factors in Patients with Premature Coronary, Supra-Aortic Branches and Peripheral Atherosclerotic Disease

Abstract

Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the distribution of major risk factors among patients with atherosclerotic disease aged ≤50 years. Subjects and Methods: The study population comprised 944 patients aged ≤50 years with clinically significant manifestations of atherosclerotic disease compared with 350 consecutive (control) older patients (age >50 years). Results: The most significant risk factors for atherosclerotic disease of the supra-aortic branches were: smoking (87.5%, p < 0.001), family history of atherosclerosis (52.3%, p < 0.001), diabetes mellitus (28.5%) and being male (56.9%) (p < 0.05 for both). In patients with coronary artery disease, there was considerable disparity in the prevalence of smoking (85.4%), hyperlipoproteinemia (67.4%), and family history of atherosclerosis (68%) (p < 0.001). For peripheral artery disease, the most significant risk factors were smoking (97%, p < 0.001), hyperlipidemia (p < 0.01), and family history of atherosclerotic disease (p < 0.01). When compared to controls, patients with premature atherosclerosis smoked more frequently, had hyperlipidemia, had a family history of atherosclerosis, and were more frequently of male sex. Conclusion: Premature atherosclerosis was most frequently associated with smoking, hyperlipidemia, family history of atherosclerotic disease, and male sex.

Coronary artery disease concomitant with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

“…Smoking is a relevant risk factor for all types of IHD, but its importance has been reported particularly in the setting of premature atherosclerosis [37]. In a population of almost 1000 patients (≤ 50 years) with clinically significant manifestations of atherosclerosis, cigarette smoking was the most common preventable risk factor [37]. However, data are scarce on COPD prevalence in this setting.…”

Atherosclerosis risk factors in male patients qualified for percutaneous stenting of lower extremity arteries. A retrospective cohort study

“…The other studies also confirmed the predominant effect of smoking habits on PAD occurrence in comparison to the other vascular beds of atherosclerosis manifestation. In a study by Radak et al [27] the most significant risk factors for PAD were smoking (97%), hyperlipidemia, and a family history of atherosclerotic disease. In work by Agarwal and Naderi [28], in comparison with CAD patients, subjects with PAD were more frequently female, black, and active smokers.…”

The relationship of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and coronary heart disease: problems of pathogenesis and treatment strategy

“…Із загальних чинників ризику, які можуть викликати сис-темне запалення, найбільш поширеним є куріння -ініцію-ючий чинник запальної реакції у багатьох сприйнятливих осіб, у яких розвивається ХОЗЛ, а також основний фактор ризику розвитку ССЗ [27]. Кожна цигарка містить понад 2000 ксенобіотичних сполук і 10 вільних радикалів.…”

“…Так, при обстеженні 1000 пацієнтів віком ≤ 50 років із клінічно значущими проявами атероскле-розу куріння було найбільш поширеним, але модифікованим фактором ризику [27]. Втім, сьогодні недостатньо даних про поширеність ХОЗЛ у цієї категорії пацієнтів.…”