Distribution of rabbit mucosal glycoprotein throughout urinary tract

Walker, Stephen; Callahan, Hugh J.; Fritz, Robert; Mulholland, S. Grant

doi:10.1016/0090-4295(89)90010-1

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…(1) Photographs intended to illustrate GAG as a dis crete layer in various publications [68,70,71] in reality depict the entire urothelial surface layer of umbrella cells that contain cytoplasmic mucinous material. This pitfall has specifically been pointed out in a recent study describing the truly tenuous nature and tinctorial char acteristics of urothelial surface GAG [72], The identity of the relatively thick surface material demonstrated in the so-called mucus-stabilized bladders [73,74] and of the antibody used for that purpose remains obscure [74.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distinctive Ultrastructural Pathology of Nonulcerative Interstitial Cystitis

Jk²

1996

Urol Int

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Ultrastructural study of the bladder in interstitial cystitis has, so far, been limited, mainly to the urothelium. The present study was conducted first to study in detail the ultrastructural features of all tissue components of the bladder wall in nonulcerative interstitial cystitis and second to derive clues from the observed changes to pathogenesis of the disease. Endoscopic biopsies of urothelium with attached suburothelium, and muscularis, were obtained from both lesional and nonlesional areas in 5 female patients with unequivocal clinical diagnosis of interstitial cystitis. The specimens were processed for electron microscopic study by standard methods and subjected to comprehensive ultrastructural study of urothelium, suburothelium, detrusor muscle cells, intrinsic blood vessels, and intrinsic nerves. A distinctive combination of peculiar muscle cell profiles, injury of intrinsic vessels and nerves in muscularis and suburothelium, and discohesive urothelium was observed in lesional and less markedly in nonlesional samples of all specimens. Marked edema of various tissue elements and cells appeared to be a common denominator of many observed changes. Edema of muscle cells resulted in characteristic querciphylloid profiles, so designated because of peripheral bosselation of cell sarcoplasm with a lobed perimeter resembling that of an oak leaf. Urothelial changes disrupted the true permeability barrier, consisting of asymmetric unit membrane and triple epithelial junctions of surface (umbrella) cells. Vascular lesions included endothelial cell injury and suggested sluggishness of intrinsic microcirculation. Neural changes included a combination of degenerative and regenerative features, some expressing neural plasticity. The observed ultrastructural changes appear to be sufficiently distinctive to be diagnostic in specimens submitted for pathologic confirmation of nonulcerative interstitial cystitis. The changes do not support a primary pathogenetic role of mast cells or a selectively deficient glycosaminoglycan layer. They do suggest, however, a pathogenesis based on a potentially self-perpetuating process of neurogenic inflammation that can trigger a biologically potent cascade of events, including a leaky urothelium and mast cell activation. As proposed, neurogenic inflammation consolidates various proposals advanced as the pathogenesis of interstitial cystitis and can readily accommodate infectious, immunologic, and autoimmunologic mechanisms as factors that contribute to development or chronicity of the disease.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distinctive Ultrastructural Pathology of Nonulcerative Interstitial Cystitis

Jk²

1996

Urol Int

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“…It is not known where the components of the bladder mucus are produced, but most investigators seem to be in favor of the view that the glycosaminoglycans are produced in the kidneys (10,20). Previous studies with our experimental model have shown small kidney inflammatory lesions in a few rats but most kidneys were histologically normal in appearance ( I 3).…”

Section: E Coli Infection Resulted In a Markedly In-mentioning

confidence: 68%

Crystal Adherence to Rat Bladder Epithelium after Long-Term E. coli Infection

Holmäng

Grenabo

Hedelin

et al. 1993

Scandinavian Journal of Urology and Nephrology

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The normal urothelium is covered by a mucous coat which acts as an unspecific barrier against the adhesion of bacteria, cancer cells and crystals. Acute bacterial infections cause disruptions of the mucous coat and impairment of its anti-adherent property. The effect of long-term infection is, however, not known. Live E. coli were inoculated into rat urinary bladders and a persisting infection was obtained by creating a small bladder diverticulum. After 2, 10 and 21 days a crystal adhesion assay showed a twofold increased adherence to the urinary bladder in the infected rats compared to control (p < 0.001). One possible explanation could be an injury to the mucous coat.

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“…There is considerable evidence that implicate the association of mucin glycoconjugates in the pathophysiology of bladder disorders such as urinary tract infections [3][4][5], interstitial cystitis [6,7] and bladder carcinoma [8,9]. The abundance of glycoproteins on the luminal surface of bladder is demonstrated by the very intense staining of rabbit and human bladders by antiglycoprotein antibodies and lectins [10][11][12]. Previously, we have identified MUC1 glycoprotein (referred to as epitectin) as the major mucin glycoprotein of human [13] and rabbit urothelium [14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of High Molecular Weight Mucins of Rabbit Bladder

Muthusamy¹,

Gowda²,

Bhavanandan³

2008

TOGLYJ

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Epithelial mucin glycoproteins of bladder act as an effective barrier against invasion by pathogenic microorganisms and injury by toxic substances in urine. Although these glycoconjugates play important roles in the pathophysiology of bladder disorders such as intestinal cystisis, cancer, and urinary tract infections, they have not been characterized in detail either in humans or in animals. Rabbits could be useful for developing models for studying bladder disorders. In this study, we purified and partially characterized two major high molecular weight rabbit bladder mucin glycoproteins, designated RBM 1 and RBM 2 , found in urine. Consistent with their mucin characteristics, amino acid compositions showed have high levels of serine, glutamic acid, proline, glycine and alanine, which together comprise 34% and 42% of the total amino acids in RBM 1 and RBM 2 , respectively. Carbohydrate compositional analysis indicated that RBM 1 and RBM 2 consist of N-acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc), N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc), galactose (Gal), N-acetylneuraminic acid (NeuAc) and fucose (Fuc) in the molar ratio of 1.0: 0.82: 0.12: 0.30: 0.02 and 1.0: 1.03: 0.46: 0.16: 0.05, respectively; mannose (Man) was not detected in either mucin. Both mucin fractions were strongly reactive to wheat germ agglutinin, but not to Ca2 antibody specific to a human tumor mucin antigen (asialylated carbohydrate linked to protein core), suggesting that most of the galactosyl residues of oligosaccharides are sialylated. Together, the data suggest that rabbit mucin glycoproteins characterized here are distinctively different from MUC1 mucin glycoprotein found in human urine.

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Distribution of rabbit mucosal glycoprotein throughout urinary tract

Cited by 9 publications

References 6 publications

Distinctive Ultrastructural Pathology of Nonulcerative Interstitial Cystitis

Distinctive Ultrastructural Pathology of Nonulcerative Interstitial Cystitis

Crystal Adherence to Rat Bladder Epithelium after Long-Term E. coli Infection

Characterization of High Molecular Weight Mucins of Rabbit Bladder

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