Distribution of Potential Biomass/Waste Resources and GHG Emission Analysis for Food Waste Recycling Systems

Sakai, Shin’ichi; Hirai, Yasuhiro; Yoshikawa, Katsuhiko; Deguchi, Shingo

doi:10.3985/jswme.16.173

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…Eriksson et al (2005) compared the environmental impacts of several waste management scenarios using ORWARE and concluded that anaerobic digestion reduces more GHG emissions than other treatment methods such as incineration and controlled landfilling. These findings are consistent with the results of other studies (European Commission 2010;Fukushima et al 2008;Sakai et al 2005;Inaba et al 2010).…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 83%

“…In Japan, 220 out of 1800 Japanese local governments implement separate collection of household food waste, although incineration is still a common practice for food waste disposal (MOE, Japan 2008). Several studies have included life-cycle assessment and cost-benefit analysis of biodegradable waste recycling schemes (Eriksson et al 2005;European Commission 2010;Fukushima et al 2008;Sonesson et al 2000;Sakai et al 2005;Inaba et al 2010). Sonesson et al (2000) developed the ORWARE software to evaluate the environmental burdens associated with waste treatment processes such as incineration, composting, and anaerobic digestion.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Life-cycle greenhouse gas inventory analysis of household waste management and food waste reduction activities in Kyoto, Japan

Matsuda

Yano

Hirai

et al. 2012

Int J Life Cycle Assess

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Purpose Source-separated collection of food waste has been reported to reduce the amount of household waste in several cities including Kyoto, Japan. Food waste can be reduced by various activities including preventing edible food loss, draining moisture, and home composting. These activities have different potentials for greenhouse gas (GHG) reduction. Therefore, we conducted a life-cycle inventory analysis of household waste management scenarios for Kyoto with a special emphasis on food waste reduction activities. Methods The primary functional unit of our study was "annual management of household combustible waste in Kyoto, Japan." Although some life-cycle assessment scenarios included food waste reduction measures, all of the scenarios had an identical secondary functional unit, "annual food ingestion (mass and composition) by the residents of Kyoto, Japan." We analyzed a typical incineration scenario (Inc) and two anaerobic digestion (dry thermophilic facilities) scenarios involving either source-separated collection (SepBio) or nonseparated collection followed by mechanical sorting (MecBio). We assumed that the biogas from anaerobic digestion was used for power generation. In addition, to evaluate the effects of waste reduction combined with separate collection, three food waste reduction cases were considered in the SepBio scenario: (1) preventing loss of edible food (PrevLoss);(2) draining moisture contents (ReducDrain); and (3) home composting (ReducHcom). In these three cases, we assumed that the household waste was reduced by 5%. Results and discussion The GHG emissions from the Inc, MecBio, and SepBio scenarios were 123.3, 119.5, and 118.6 Gg CO 2 -eq/year, respectively. Compared with the SepBio scenario without food waste reduction, the PrevLoss and ReducDrain cases reduced the GHG emissions by 17.1 and 0.5 Gg CO 2 -eq/year. In contrast, the ReducHcom case increased the GHG emissions by 2.1 Gg CO 2 -eq/year. This is because the biogas power production decreased due to the reduction in food waste, while the electricity consumption increased in response to home composting. Sensitivity analyses revealed that a reduction of only 1% of the household waste by food loss prevention has the same GHG reduction effect as a 31-point increase (from 50% to 81%) in the food waste separation rate. Conclusions We found that prevention of food losses enhanced by separate collection led to a significant reduction in GHG emissions. These findings will be useful in future studies designed to develop strategies for further reductions in GHG emissions.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 83%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Life-cycle greenhouse gas inventory analysis of household waste management and food waste reduction activities in Kyoto, Japan

Matsuda

Yano

Hirai

et al. 2012

Int J Life Cycle Assess

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“…Data on consumption of electricity in biogasification facilities came from several previous studies. Actual values of electricity consumption in biogasification sites reported by the Study Group for Organic Waste Resource Recycling System (2004) was larger than values applied in existing LCA studies by Tahara et al (2004) and Sakai et al (2005). The higher values reflected total consumption not only of biogasification facilities, but also of other waste treatment facilities at the same site; therefore, an intermediate value between the actual values including consumption of other facilities and the applied values in existing LCA studies was applied as the amount of electricity consumed.…”

Section: Inventory Analysis Of Msw-msmentioning

confidence: 80%

“…The distance from biogasification facilities to incineration facilities and the distance from incineration facilities to landfill sites were estimated on the basis of results presented by Hokkaido University (1998) and Sakai et al (2005).…”

Section: Inventory Analysis Of Msw-msmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hybrid life-cycle assessment (LCA) of CO2 emission with management alternatives for household food wastes in Japan

et al. 2009

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In this study, we conducted a hybrid life-cycle assessment (LCA) to evaluate reductions in CO(2) emissions by food waste biogasification of household food wastes in Japan. Two alternative scenarios were examined. In one alternative (Ref), all combustible municipal solid wastes (MSWs), including food waste, are incinerated. In the other (Bio), food waste is biogasified, while the other combustible wastes are incinerated. An inventory analysis of energy and material flow in the MSW management system was conducted. Subsequently, the inventory data were summarized into an input-output format, and a make-use input-output framework was applied. Furthermore, a production equilibrium model was established using a matrix representing the input- output relationship of energy and materials among the processes and sectors. Several levels of power generation efficiency from incineration were applied as a sensitivity analysis. The hybrid LCA indicated that the difference between the Bio and Ref scenarios, from the perspective of CO( 2) emissions, is relatively small. However, a 13-14% reduction of CO(2) emissions of the total waste management sector in Japan may be achieved by improving the efficiency of power generation from incineration from 10% to 25%.

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“…9 Total costs of the proposed processes. Costs: (1) electrical power; (2) water supply; (3) CO 2 expense; (4) capital cost; (5) labor cost; (6) transportation cost; Revenues: (7) CaCO 3 selling; (8) electricity generated from produced methane; (9) carbon tax literatures (Imai et al, 1999;Sakai et al, 2005). Table 4 shows the breakdown of the power consumption for each process.…”

Section: Process Outline and Assumptionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recycling of Shellfish Wastes with a Combined Process of Carbonate Production and Methane Fermentation

Iizuka

Kuji

Kitajima

et al. 2009

J. Chem. Eng. Japan

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A new process was proposed for the total recycling of shellfish wastes combining the carbonate production with a high-pressure carbon dioxide aqueous solution and methane fermentation. The shell part of shellfish, mainly composed of calcium carbonate was dissolved into the aqueous solution of carbon dioxide at about 30 bar or acetic acid, and will be separated from the flesh part. On the other hand, the flesh part can be anaerobically fermented to produce biogas mainly composed of methane. Two options can be considered for the treatment of the carbonate solution; recovered as pure calcium carbonate, or disposed of into the ocean as a carbon sequestration process. Process feasibility was examined by obtaining key parameters through laboratory-scale experimental studies. The dissolution kinetics of blue mussel samples was examined with a high-pressure CO 2 solution and acetic acid to elucidate the influences of CO 2 pressure, temperature, stirring speed, and the sample size on the dissolution kinetics. The biogas production rate was examined with the flesh part of the sample mussel either treated with an acid solution or untreated. The biogas production rate was found to be almost unaffected by the acid exposure. Based on the experimental results, the process design and evaluation was carried out. The cost of the process with CO 2 treatment and recovery of calcium carbonate was about 21,000 JPY/tshellfish waste, that of ocean disposal process was 44,000 JPY/t-shellfish waste, and that of acetic acid treatment process was 16,000 JPY/t-shellfish waste, respectively. The proposed processes are competitive with the conventional waste disposal cost, while being simpler and more environmentally benign.

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Distribution of Potential Biomass/Waste Resources and GHG Emission Analysis for Food Waste Recycling Systems

Cited by 8 publications

References 0 publications

Life-cycle greenhouse gas inventory analysis of household waste management and food waste reduction activities in Kyoto, Japan

Life-cycle greenhouse gas inventory analysis of household waste management and food waste reduction activities in Kyoto, Japan

Hybrid life-cycle assessment (LCA) of CO2 emission with management alternatives for household food wastes in Japan

Recycling of Shellfish Wastes with a Combined Process of Carbonate Production and Methane Fermentation

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