Distribution of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in water and bed sediments of the Gomti River, India

Malik, Amrita; Verma, Priyanka; Singh, Arun K.; Singh, Kunwar P.

doi:10.1007/s10661-010-1352-4

Cited by 170 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…As shown in Table 5, the total concentrations of PAHs in the SPM in the Liao River drainage basin are higher than that in the Chesapeake Bay and Mississippi River in the USA, as well as the Seine River in France, while it is obviously lower than that in the Tonghui, Hai, Gaoping, and Jiulong Rivers in China and the Gomti River in India (Maskaoui et al 2002;Doong et al 2004;Zhang et al 2004;Cao et al 2005;Malik et al 2011). Additionally, the level of PAHs in the Liao River drainage basin is close to that in the Qian Tang and Chaobai rivers in China.…”

Section: Pah Composition In Water and Spmmentioning

confidence: 93%

Distribution characteristics and source apportionment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the Liao River drainage basin, northeast China

Liu

Zhang

et al. 2016

Environ Monit Assess

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The Liao River drainage basin, which is one of China's seven major rivers basins, is located in northeast China. This region is characterized by important industrial bases including steel factories and oil and chemical plants, all of which have the potential to contribute pollutants to the drainage basin. In this study, 16 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in water and suspended particulate matter (SPM) in the major rivers of the Liao River drainage basin were identified and quantified by gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC/MS). The total PAH concentrations ranged from 0.4 to 76.5 μg/g (dry weight) in SPM and 32.6 to 108 ng/L in surface water, respectively. Low-ring PAHs (including two-and three-ring PAHs) were dominant in all PAH samples, and the level of low-ring PAHs in surface water was higher than that in SPM. The proportion of two-ring PAHs was the highest, accounting for an average of 68.2 % of the total PAHs in surface water, while the level of three-ring PAHs was the highest in SPM, with an average of 66.3 %. When compared with other river systems, the concentrations of PAHs in the Liao River drainage basin were lower. Identification of the emission sources based on diagnostic ratios suggested petroleum and fossil fuel combustion were important contribution to PAHs in the study area.

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Section: Pah Composition In Water and Spmmentioning

confidence: 93%

Distribution characteristics and source apportionment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the Liao River drainage basin, northeast China

Liu

Zhang

et al. 2016

Environ Monit Assess

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“…The highest Σ 7 [PAH] range measured in Msunduzi sediments (spring of 2015) is lower than the Σ 16 [PAH] (362 to 15,667 ng g -1 ) found in the surface sediments collected from the Weihe River in China [37] and sediments collected from the Tianjin River in China (0.79-194.30 μg g -1 ) [38] but higher than that observed in the surface sediments (0.0016-0.97 mg kg -1 from Ekpan Creek of the Warri River, Niger Delta region [39]. In rivers from regions with a similar climatic conditions, surface sediments have been found to be widely contaminated from PAHs emissions from the catchment area of the river as found in this study [40,41].…”

Section: Concentrations Of Pahs In the Surface Sediments From The Msumentioning

confidence: 43%

Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Water, Soils and Surface Sediments of the Msunduzi River

Munyengabe¹,

Mambanda²,

Moodley³

2017

J Environ Anal Chem

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The concentration of seven Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) (namely Naphthalene, Acenaphthylene, Fluorene, Phenanthrene, Anthracene, Pyrene and Chrysene) were determined in 28 surface waters, 8 wastewaters, 26 soils and 26 surface sediments from the Msunduzi River, a major supply of portable water in KwaZulu-Natal (KZN) province, South Africa. Water samples were extracted using a conventional liquid-liquid extraction technique into Dichloromethane (DCM) while soils and surface sediments were extracted with an equal mixture of DCM and nhexane using the Soxhlet extraction technique. Purified extracts were analysed by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectroscopy (GC-MS). Trace levels of PAHs were detected in some water, river bank soils and surface sediments. The concentration of PAHs was found to be comparatively higher in the soils and surface sediments than in the water. The concentration levels as well as distribution of the selected PAHs varied from season to season, however with no clear pattern. The occurrence pattern of PAHs along the river points to human-related activities as the major input sources of PAHs into Msunduzi water. Paired-up isomeric concentration ratios for surface sediments suggested pyrolysis as the major input source of PAHs, especially at sites closer to the city of Pietermaritzburg (PMB).

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“…According to an UNEP report, the level of PAH in marine water ranged from ND-156.6 lg/L, whereas a mean concentration of 2.91 lg/L (range 0.20-14.47 lg/ L) of PAH was found in drinking water samples from Ahmedabad (ITRC 1993;Jani et al 1991;UNEP 2002). In a study conducted on River Gomti, total concentrations of 16 PAHs in water was found to range between 0.06 and 84.21 lg/L (average (n = 48), 10.33 ± 19.94 lg/L) (Malik et al 2011) and in Coastal water of India, the PAHs ranged between 78 and 1,565 lg/L, respectively (Reddy et al 2005).…”

Section: Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbonsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…phenenthrene and fluoranthene (Fla)/Fla ? pyrene were calculated to evaluate the possible sources of PAHs (Malik et al 2011). …”

Section: Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbonsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical Contaminants in Water and Associated Health Hazards

Seth

2013

Water and Health

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Both surface and groundwater are impacted by chemicals and availability of drinking water meeting the required parameters for health safety continues to remain a challenging task. Chemicals which have led to severe health problems are arsenic, reported to cause skin lesions, cancer, and other ailments and fluoride which lead to dental and skeletal fluorosis when populations are exposed to high levels. Their source is aquifers, containing the mineral salts and health problems are localized to regions. However, their presence in groundwater from new regions is being reported. The other metals of concern are lead, manganese, mercury, cadmium, and chromium which lead to skin, neurological, cardiovascular, reproductive, and immune function disorders and cancer. Source of these metals is mostly industrial, and problem in general is in pockets of heavy industrialization. Persistent organic pollutants (POPs), majority of which are organochlorine pesticides, are also of concern as their presence in variable amounts have been detected in waste-and groundwater. The source of POPs is predominantly discharge of waste and untreated water, sewage, and runoffs from agricultural fields into water bodies. Varying amounts, mostly in small quantities, of pharmaceutical and veterinary drugs residues, nanoparticles, chemicals used for personal hygiene have also been detected in surface water. Some of these have chemical structures similar to hormones and are termed as endocrine disrupters. These are new emerging chemicals of concern. New tools and technologies for their regular monitoring and for treatment of the water are required to safeguard the health from drinking water contaminated by chemicals.

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Distribution of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in water and bed sediments of the Gomti River, India

Cited by 170 publications

References 63 publications

Distribution characteristics and source apportionment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the Liao River drainage basin, northeast China

Distribution characteristics and source apportionment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the Liao River drainage basin, northeast China

Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Water, Soils and Surface Sediments of the Msunduzi River

Chemical Contaminants in Water and Associated Health Hazards

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