Distribution of Persistent Organic Pollutants and Mercury in Freshwater Ecosystems Under Changing Climate Conditions

Grimalt, Joan O.; Catalan, Jordi; Fernández, Pilar; Piña, Benjamı́n; Munthe, John

doi:10.1002/9781444327397.ch8

Cited by 7 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Fish may then face an oxygen deficit when the decreased supply cannot meet the increased demand Moran et al, 2009), not least in shallow lakes and particularly in ponds. A combination of higher temperatures, lower DO concentrations and increased pollutant concentrations (Grimalt et al, 2010) may also induce lower productivity, not only in wild fish populations, but also in recreational and commercial fisheries and intensive aquaculture systems. In arid zones, fish richness may decline and some species could become locally extinct as a consequence of more frequent droughts and low waterlevel-induced anoxia.…”

Section: Expected Changes In Fish Communities With Climate Warming Wmentioning

confidence: 98%

Impacts of climate warming on lake fish community structure and potential effects on ecosystem function

et al. 2010

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Fish play a key role in the trophic dynamics of lakes, not least in shallow systems. With climate warming, complex changes in fish community structure may be expected owing to the direct and indirect effects of temperature, and indirect effects of eutrophication, water-level changes and salinisation on fish metabolism, biotic interactions and geographical distribution. We review published and new data supporting the hypotheses that, with a warming climate, there will be changes in: fish community structure (e.g. higher or lower richness depending on local conditions); life history traits (e.g. smaller body size, shorter life span, earlier and less synchronised reproduction); feeding mode (i.e. increased omnivory and herbivory); behaviour (i.e. stronger association with littoral areas and a greater proportion of benthivores); and winter survival. All these changes imply higher predation on zooplankton and macroinvertebrates with increasing temperatures, suggesting that the changes in the fish communities partly resemble, and may intensify, the effects triggered by eutrophication. Modulating factors identified in cold and temperate systems, such as the presence of submerged plants and winter ice cover, seem to be weaker or non-existent in warm(ing) lakes. Consequently, in the future lower nutrient thresholds may be needed to obtain clear-water conditions and good ecological status in the future in currently cold or temperate lakes. Although examples are still scarce and more research is needed, we foresee biomanipulation to be a less successful restoration tool in warm(ing) lakes without a strong reduction of the nutrient load.

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Section: Expected Changes In Fish Communities With Climate Warming Wmentioning

confidence: 98%

Impacts of climate warming on lake fish community structure and potential effects on ecosystem function

et al. 2010

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“…At increasing ambient air temperatures, higher degassing of POP flux towards the atmosphere in high mountain regions is expected [83]. The increase of ambient air temperatures in the Arctic region has also been related to the re-volatilisation of POP to the atmosphere [84].…”

Section: Future Perspectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Persistent Organic Pollutants in the European Atmosphere

Drooge

Grimalt

2012

The Handbook of Environmental Chemistry

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Since the beginning of the last century, European air has received increasing amounts of organic compounds. Some of them were released as consequence of combustion processes and others were synthesised for specific applications in industry or agriculture. A group of these organic compounds are semi-volatile, resistant to degradation processes, bioaccumulative and toxic. Because of these properties, they are grouped under the general name of persistent organic pollutants (POPs). These physical-chemical properties are found in polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons or in organic molecules with 5-12 carbon atoms and a high degree of halogen substituents. The present chapter is devoted to describe these two groups of compounds. However, in other review papers, only the organohalogen compounds are considered under the POP concept.The properties of semi-volatility, bioaccumulation and persistent to degradation processes provide a potential for long-range atmospheric transport of these compounds. They may therefore be deleterious for the ecosystems and human health even in sites located far away from the areas of production and application. Furthermore, nearly all organohalogen POPs are man-made. In nature, there are no compounds with similar chemical structure (or these are in very low concentrations). Thus, human and animal evolution has not had the opportunities to generate specific metabolic ways for their elimination. Thus, they accumulate and remain in the body throughout all life and during all life stages (including in utero development). By the end of the twentieth century, international protocols have been established to reduce the emissions and impact of POPs into the environment and humans.The following chapter describes the changes in concentration of POPs in ambient air in Europe through time, with a focus on current concentrations. It also describes the differences in physical-chemical properties of these pollutants and relates them with the mechanisms of atmospheric transport. Strategies to reduce the ambient air concentrations are discussed. Information is also given on future perspectives in view of "emerging" pollutants and emission sources.

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“…Large-scale weather patterns such as the North Atlantic Oscillation (Hurrell, 1995) affect winter weather and lake condition (George, Maberly & Hewitt, 2004). 1) via deposition of material such as acidifying compounds of sulphur and nitrogen derived largely from burning fossil fuels (RoTAP, 2011) and also contaminants (Grimalt et al, 2010) via precipitation. Regional stressors also influence lake chemistry (S3 in Fig.…”

Section: External Stressors Internal Interactions and Studies In Thementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Regional stressors also influence lake chemistry (S3 in Fig. 1) via deposition of material such as acidifying compounds of sulphur and nitrogen derived largely from burning fossil fuels (RoTAP, 2011) and also contaminants (Grimalt et al, 2010) via precipitation. The increased nitrogen availability has been hypothesised to have shifted Northern Hemisphere lakes from nitrogen towards phosphorus limitation (Bergström & Jansson, 2006).…”

Section: External Stressors Internal Interactions and Studies In Thementioning

confidence: 99%

Insights from long-term studies in the Windermere catchment: external stressors, internal interactions and the structure and function of lake ecosystems

Maberly

Elliott

2011

Freshwater Biology

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Distribution of Persistent Organic Pollutants and Mercury in Freshwater Ecosystems Under Changing Climate Conditions

Cited by 7 publications

References 43 publications

Impacts of climate warming on lake fish community structure and potential effects on ecosystem function

Impacts of climate warming on lake fish community structure and potential effects on ecosystem function

Persistent Organic Pollutants in the European Atmosphere

Insights from long-term studies in the Windermere catchment: external stressors, internal interactions and the structure and function of lake ecosystems

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