Distribution of PCNs, PCBs, and other POPs together with soot and other organic matter in the marine environment of the Grenlandsfjords, Norway

An assessment of the mechanisms for the transfer of lead and mercury from atmospherically contaminated organic soils to lake sediments with particular reference to Scotland, UK

“…Petersen et al, 1995;Seigneur et al, 2005) and POPs (e.g. Ohsaki et al, 1995;Wey et al, 1998;Ghosh et al, 2000;Persson et al, 2005) are known to bind to their surfaces and hence the erosive transfer of these particulate contaminants may further enhance metal and POPs inputs from soils to surface waters.…”

Occurrence of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) together with sediment properties in the surface sediments of the Bering Sea, Chukchi Sea and Canada Basin

“…Therefore, sediment properties were thought to be one of the most influential factors for POPs concentrations in sediments. Studies show that grain size, LOI, TOC, and BC always play an important role in controlling POPs levels in sediments (Thomas, 1969;Persson et al, 2005;Hung et al, 2006;Koelmans et al, 2006;Nam et al, 2008;Chen et al, 2009;Hung et al, 2010). Kobayashi et al (2001) point out that sediments consisting of fine sand have lower TOC and that the P PCBs are one or two orders of magnitude lower than at other stations in the Tokyo Bay.…”

Impact of black carbon originated from fly ash and soot on the toxicity of pentachlorophenol in sediment

“…A survey about fly ash production and utilization in different countries during 2005 showed that China generated higher production of fly ash (100 million tonnes/year) and utilized lower percentage of fly ash (45%) comparing to other countries except India [19]. Soot, produced as an unwelcome byproduct in many practical combustion systems, usually generates from the exhaust of the diesel engine and has been found to make up a significant fraction (2-20%) of the total carbon in marine sediments [8,[21][22][23]. Emissions of fly ash and soot were known to cause major environmental problems (e.g.…”

“…It is ubiquitously present in the environment due to its wide-spread production and its chemical and microbiological inertness [5,6]. There is an extensive body of literature in which BC dominated the sorption and desorption of organic pollutants to BC in soil/sediment, such as polychlorinated naphthalenes (PCNs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), octachlorostyrene (OCS), hexachlorobenzene (HCB), hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH), 1,1,1-trichloro-2,2-bis(4-chlorophenyl)ethane (DDT), and some pesticides [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13]. Furthermore, it has been reported that the addition of biochar in soil/sediment could reduce toxicity/bioavailability of organic contaminants (such as PAHs, PCBs, diuron, chlorpyrifos, pyrethroid, carbofuran, etc.)…”