Distribution of Obestatin and Ghrelin in Human Tissues

Abstract

S U M M A R Y Obestatin and ghrelin are two peptides derived from the same prohormone. It is well established that ghrelin is produced by endocrine cells in the gastric mucosa. However, the distribution of human obestatin immunoreactive cells is not thoroughly characterized. A polyclonal antibody that specifically recognizes human obestatin was produced. Using this antibody and a commercial antibody vs ghrelin, the distribution of obestatin and ghrelin immunoreactive cells was determined in a panel of human tissues using immunohistochemistry. The two peptides were detected in the mucosa of the gastrointestinal tract, from cardia to ileum, and in the pancreatic islets. Interestingly, epithelial cells in the ducts of mammary glands showed distinct immunoreactivity for both ghrelin and obestatin. By double immunofluorescence microscopy, it was shown that all detected cells were immunoreactive for both peptides. Furthermore, the subcellular localization of obestatin and ghrelin was essentially identical, indicating that obestatin and ghrelin are stored in the same secretory vesicles. (J Histochem Cytochem 56:793-801, 2008)

Influence of Obestatin and Short-Term Treadmill Exercise on Plasma Acyl-Ghrelin and Body Weight in Wistar Rat

“…Nevertheless, IPinjection of obestatin had no significant impact on serum acyl-ghrelin and final body weight. In general, it can be maintained that short-term treadmill exercise reduced the 4 Zahedan J Res Med Sci. 2016; 18(11):e4987.…”

“…Whereas ghrelin and obestatin have the same bio-molecular origin and are released from the same endocrine cells, their levels are different in blood circulation. That is, the peripheral level of ghrelin is ten to twenty times more than that of obestatin [2,4]. Two main functional differences between obestatin and ghrelin have been reported [5]:…”

Ghrelin gene products, receptors, and GOAT enzyme: biological and pathophysiological insight

“…Moreover, obestatin is also expressed in the mucosa of the GIT. Indeed, the subcellular localization of obestatin and ghrelin has been shown to be identical, within the same secretory vesicles, suggesting that obestatin and ghrelin are possibly costored in the same cells in the GIT (Gronberg et al 2008). Similarly, recent studies have also demonstrated that GOAT enzyme expression is highly enriched within gastric ghrelin-producing cells (Sakata et al 2009).…”

Relation of Plasma Obestatin Levels with BMI and HOMA-IR in Syrian Obese Patients with Type 2 Diabetes

“…In rats, obestatin is found in the GI tract, within the A-like cells and oxyntic glands of the gastric mucosa. In humans, the majority of obestatin specifically found in the crypts of Lieberkuhn and Brunner's glands, and absence from the colon [8].…”