Distribution of non-exchangeable organically bound tritium activities at the surface soil around Qinshan Nuclear Power Plant

Zhang, Qin; Ma, Yanfei; Deng, Ke; Ma, Zhaowei; Guo, Yang; Gu, Shao-zhong; Liu, Wei

doi:10.1007/s10967-018-6325-z

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…All laser-based deuterium results δ D were processed and transferred to the ‰ notation relative to the Vienna Standard Mean Ocean Water (VSMOW) standard. For tritium activity measurement, the water sample (4 mL) was mixed with 16 mL of Ultima Gold LLT (PerkinElmer) in polyethylene vials (Packard), and the activity was measured using a liquid scintillation counter (LSC-LB7, Aloka) …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For tritium activity measurement, the water sample (4 mL) was mixed with 16 mL of Ultima Gold LLT (PerkinElmer) in polyethylene vials (Packard), and the activity was measured using a liquid scintillation counter (LSC-LB7, Aloka). 41 Material Characterization. The Raman spectra were recorded with confocal micro-Raman spectroscopy (532 nm wavelength excitation laser, LabRAM HR-800, Horiba).…”

Section: ■ Experimental Sectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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High Hydrogen Isotope Separation Efficiency: Graphene or Catalyst?

Chu

Zhang

Wei

et al. 2022

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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Single-layer graphene has been demonstrated to be a high-efficiency hydrogen isotope sieving membrane in the electrochemical hydrogen pumping system. In this work, we transferred this membrane to proton exchange membrane water electrolysis (PEMWE), which has wide industrial applications. Two membrane electrode assemblies with decorated Pt and ink-coated Pt were investigated. The graphene with the decorated Pt scheme acquired the reported highest proton-to-tritium separation factor of 19.50 in PEMWE. However, rather than graphene, the decorated catalyst was demonstrated to be responsible for this remarkable separation efficiency. Previous studies from Geim’s group underestimated the enhanced separation efficiency of decorated Pt over ink-coated Pt, resulting in an exaggerated separation efficiency for graphene. The behavior of proton transfer with hydrogen isotope separation through graphene was interpreted by a serial-parallel circuit model, which suggested that hydrogen isotope separation occurs at defect sites. The limited separation efficiency for graphene was also well understood by a density functional theory (DFT) calculation using an SW 55-77 model and the transition state theory for the kinetic isotope effect. This research provides a thorough understanding of proton transfer with hydrogen isotope separation through graphene.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: ■ Experimental Sectionmentioning

confidence: 99%