Distribution of NADPH-diaphorase positive cells in the rat brain

Leigh, P. Nigel; Connick, J.H.; Stone, T.W.

doi:10.1016/0742-8413(90)90138-y

Cited by 35 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Compared to other brain structures, such as the hypothalamus and the striatum, we observed in the thalamus a relatively low number of neuronal perikarya stained by either NADPH-d or NOS, consistent with previous studies in the rat (Leigh et al, 1990;Vincent and Kimura, 1992). The distribution of NOS-containing thalamic neurons was very discrete, and the vast majority of such cell bodies was confined in adulthood within the midline nuclei and LG.…”

Section: Nos Is Discretely Localized In the Adult Thalamussupporting

confidence: 90%

Nitric oxide synthase in the adult and developing thalamus: Histochemical and immunohistochemical study in the rat

Bertini

Bentivoglio

1997

J. Comp. Neurol.

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The distribution of neuronal elements that express nitric oxide synthase (NOS), the synthetic enzyme of the free radical nitric oxide, was investigated in the adult and developing rat thalamus by means of NADPH-diaphorase (NADPH-d) histochemistry, which is a marker of NOS. Immunocytochemistry was also used to confirm the equivalence between the histochemical pattern of staining and the distribution of the expression of the neuronal NOS isoform. In the adult thalamus, NADPH-d-positive and NOS-immunoreactive perikarya were selectively concentrated along the midline (in the paraventricular, rhomboid, and central medial nuclei) and in the dorsal and ventral lateral geniculate nuclei. Isolated clusters of stained neurons were also observed in the lateral posterior nucleus, in the dorsal part of the medial geniculate nucleus, and in the ventromedial nucleus. Positive perikarya were either absent or very sparse in the other thalamic nuclei. Many thalamic domains were, however, characterized by distinct patterns of NADPH-d-positive fibers, preterminal and terminal-like elements. The highest density of stained neuropil was observed in the anteroventral and anteromedial nuclei, in several of the midline nuclei, in the anterior intralaminar nuclei, and in the lateral and medial geniculate nuclei. Although histochemical reactivity was observed in the thalamus at birth, the intensity and the pattern of distribution of staining observed in adulthood was not achieved until the end of the third postnatal week. The NADPH-d histochemical positivity followed discrete developmental schedules in various thalamic domains, and different areas reached a mature pattern at different ages. In addition, populations of transiently stained neuronal cell bodies were observed in the medial thalamus during the first two postnatal weeks. These results show discrete patterns of expression of NOS in the adult and developing thalamus and suggest that nitric oxide may be involved in selected physiological and developmental roles in different thalamic domains.

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Section: Nos Is Discretely Localized In the Adult Thalamussupporting

confidence: 90%

Nitric oxide synthase in the adult and developing thalamus: Histochemical and immunohistochemical study in the rat

Bertini

Bentivoglio

1997

J. Comp. Neurol.

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“…Muñoz et al, 1995;. NADPHd-positive neurons were found in the DCN, but they were more abundant in the adjacent nucleus of the solitary tract and the nucleus of the descending trigeminal tract as reported in mammals [e.g., Leight et al, 1990;Vincent and Kimura, 1992;Dohrn et al, 1994;Takemura et al, 1994]. In the present study in Pleurodeles, however, at the obex level labeling was restricted to neurons of the nucleus of the descending trigeminal tract.…”

Section: Organization Of the Urodele Caudal Rhombencephalic Alar Platecontrasting

confidence: 51%

Organization of the Caudal Rhombencephalic Alar Plate of the Ribbed Newt <i>Pleurodeles waltl: </i>Evidence for the Presence of Dorsal Column and Lateral Cervical Nuclei

Muñoz¹,

Muñoz²,

González³

et al. 1998

Brain Behav Evol

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As part of a recent program on the evolution of somatosensory systems in vertebrates, the cytoarchitecture, chemoarchitecture, and fiber connections of the caudal rhombencephalic alar plate were studied in the ribbed newt, Pleurodeles waltl. This part of the brain stem includes ill-defined dorsal column and lateral cervical nuclei. A cytoarchitectonic analysis revealed that the caudal medullary alar plate consists of an inner and an outer cell layer. The dorsomedial part of the outer cell layer at the obex level contains the dorsal column nucleus (DCN), whereas its ventrolateral part constitutes the lateral cervical nucleus (LCN). NADPH-diaphorase histochemistry and calbindin D-28k immunohistochemistry clearly delineate the main components of the compact inner cell layer, i.e. the nucleus of the solitary tract dorsally and the nucleus of the descending trigeminal tract ventrally. Neither NADPH-diaphorase-labeled nor calbindin D-28k positive neurons were observed in the DCN and LCN. With anterograde and retrograde tracing, the DCN and LCN were further delineated. Labeling of ascending dorsal root projections showed that the dorsal column and the DCN are somatotopically arranged: lumbar primary afferent fibers terminate on medial DCN neurons, whereas cervical primary afferent fibers terminate on lateral DCN neurons. The LCN is densely innervated by the dorsolateral funiculus. Retrograde tracing showed extensive, predominantly contralateral projections of both the DCN and LCN to the torus semicircularis and the ventral thalamus. These data show that even in the poorly segregated caudal rhombencephalic alar plate of urodeles a DCN and LCN can be distinguished with afferent and efferent projections comparable to those in anurans and other terrestrial vertebrates.

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“…Neuronal cell bodies displaying robust NADPH diaphorase reactivity occurred in specific nuclei or scattered throughout the normal guinea pig brain similar to previous mapping studies in rats and mice [28,29]. Intensely stained multipolar neurons were found scattered throughout the neocortex, striatum and nucleus basalis, or in discrete nuclei such as the hypothalamic paraventricular and laterodorsal tegmental nuclei (not shown).…”

Section: Nadph Diaphorase Histochemistrysupporting

confidence: 62%

Disturbances of the Blood-Brain Barrier without Expression of Amyloid Precursor Protein- Containing Neuritic Clusters or Neuronal Loss during Late Stages of Thiamine Deficiency in Guinea Pigs

Calingasan

Park²,

Gandy³

et al. 1998

Dev Neurosci

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Generalized oxidative deficits associated with experimental thiamine deficiency (TD) lead to selective neurodegeneration. In mouse brain, TD produces region-specific breach of the blood-brain barrier (BBB), neuronal loss and an accumulation of amyloid precursor protein (APP) in abnormal neurites. The APP-laden abnormal neurites within the damaged areas of mouse brain aggregate into neuritic clusters which strikingly resemble the neuritic component of Alzheimer amyloid plaques. However, amyloid β-peptide (Aβ) immunoreactivity has not been demonstrated in these neuritic clusters, possibly because the Aβ region of APP in mice contains three amino acid substitutions as compared with the amino acid sequence of human Aβ. In contrast, the guinea pig nucleic acid sequence is more related to the human sequence and the Aβ region is identical in sequence to that of human APP. Thus, the current studies tested whether the presence of an authentic Aβ fragment of APP (i.e., identical to that of man) might make guinea pigs more vulnerable to the development of Aβ-containing neuritic clusters following TD. During late stages of TD, BBB abnormalities, manifested by immunoglobulin G (IgG) extravasation and increased NADPH diaphorase reactivity in microvessels, occurred in brain areas known to be damaged by TD in mice. However, despite the prolonged thiamine deprivation and the advanced neurological symptoms of guinea pigs, no significant neuronal loss or altered APP/Aβ immunostaining occurred in any brain region. Microglial activation, another early marker of damage in mice, was not evident in thiamine-deficient guinea pig brain. Ferritin immunoreactivity and iron deposition in oligodendrocytes within areas of BBB abnormalities were either slightly enhanced or unchanged as compared to controls. This is the first report of brain abnormalities in the guinea pig model of dietary and pyrithiamine-induced TD. The results demonstrate species differences in the response to TD-induced damage, and further support the role of BBB and nitric oxide in the initial events in TD pathology.

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Distribution of NADPH-diaphorase positive cells in the rat brain

Cited by 35 publications

References 20 publications

Nitric oxide synthase in the adult and developing thalamus: Histochemical and immunohistochemical study in the rat

Nitric oxide synthase in the adult and developing thalamus: Histochemical and immunohistochemical study in the rat

Organization of the Caudal Rhombencephalic Alar Plate of the Ribbed Newt <i>Pleurodeles waltl: </i>Evidence for the Presence of Dorsal Column and Lateral Cervical Nuclei

Disturbances of the Blood-Brain Barrier without Expression of Amyloid Precursor Protein- Containing Neuritic Clusters or Neuronal Loss during Late Stages of Thiamine Deficiency in Guinea Pigs

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