Distribution of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis in the gastrointestinal tract of shedding cows and its application to laparoscopic biopsy

Abstract

ABSTRACT:The gastrointestinal tract (GIT) is a major target for Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (M. a. paratuberculosis) in ca�le. Culture examination was achieved in tissue samples obtained from 10 different regions of the GIT (proximal and distal parts of the duodenum, proximal, middle and distal parts of the jejunum, proximal and distal parts of the ileum, the ileocecal valve, the caecum and the rectum) and their adjacent lymph nodes. The culture results were statistically analysed to elucidate the distribution of M. a. paratuberculosis in the GIT. A total of 63 cows older than 24 months were diagnosed with paratuberculosis by faecal and tissue cultures. The be�er detection rate of M. a. paratuberculosis was found in the mucosae from the jejunum to the ileocecal valve and in the lymph nodes from the jejunum to the caecum. The mean number of colony forming units (CFU) in the mucosae and the lymph nodes of the distal jejunum and the proximal ileum was significantly higher than that in the mucosae of the duodenum, the caecum and the rectum, and in the lymph nodes of the duodenum and the rectum, respectively (P < 0.05). Laparoscopic biopsy a�empted out on 4 animals to test its potential use for sample collection from the statistically optimal mesenteric lymph nodes; but resulted in an abortive a�empt because these targets were encircled by the intestines, the pressure of which complicated the laparoscopic approach.

Comparison of prevalence estimation ofMycobacterium aviumsubsp.paratuberculosisinfection by sampling slaughtered cattle with macroscopic lesionsvs.systematic sampling

“…These methods can be useful in confirming the true prevalence of MAP-infected cattle, because of the higher probability of detecting animals in the early stages of disease [10]. The distal part of the jejunum, ileum, ileocaecal valve and associated lymph nodes have been recommended as sampling sites [13]. Gross pathological findings associated with MAP infection are segmental thickening of the intestinal wall and thick rugose mucosa.…”

Disseminated alimentary mycobacteriosis in the horse: a retrospective study of nine cases

“…Amemori et al . () found a technique of intestinal lymph node biopsy with laparoscopic approach in cows suffering from Johne's disease technically challenging; however, this technique is conceivably possible in the horse.…”

“…Disseminated alimentary mycobacteriosis In 3 cases (1, 2 and 3), the submandibular lymph nodes were enlarged, thus a biopsy or aspirate of these lymph nodes might have been useful samples for histology or PCR. Amemori et al (2004) found a technique of intestinal lymph node biopsy with laparoscopic approach in cows suffering from Johne's disease technically challenging; however, this technique is conceivably possible in the horse.…”