Distribution of miRNA genes in the pig genome

Paczyńska, Paulina; Grzemski, Adrian; Szydłowski, M.

doi:10.1186/s12863-015-0166-3

Cited by 16 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 24 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…This miRNA has previously been shown to modulate the effect of LPS and TNF-α in murine studies (Tili et al, 2007) and may prove to be a generic marker of Gram negative infection. However, it should also be pointed out that extrapolating data between different species may be problematic since current knowledge on the numbers of miRNA genes in pigs is only about 20% of that in humans and less than 50% of that in mice (Paczynska et al, 2015), further work will increase knowledge on pig miRNAs. In addition, the course of infection in different species can be very different.…”

Section: Molecular Biomarkers In Pigsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular approaches to the diagnosis and monitoring of production diseases in pigs

Giles

Belkhiri

Barrow

et al. 2017

Research in Veterinary Science

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Production disease in pigs is caused by a variety of different pathogens, mainly enteric and respiratory and can result in significant economic loss. Other factors such as stress, poor husbandry and nutrition can also contribute to an animal's susceptibility to disease. Molecular biomarkers of production disease could be of immense value by improving diagnosis and risk analysis to determine best practice with an impact on increased economic output and animal welfare. In addition to the use of multiplex PCR or microarrays to detect individual or mixed pathogens during infection, these technologies can also be used to monitor the host response to infection via gene expression. The patterns of gene expression associated with cellular damage or initiation of the early immune response may indicate the type of pathology and, by extension the types of pathogen involved. Molecular methods can therefore be used to monitor both the presence of a pathogen and the host response to it during production disease. The field of biomarker discovery and implementation is expanding as technologies such as microarrays and next generation sequencing become more common. Whilst a large number of studies have been carried out in human medicine, further work is needed to identify molecular biomarkers in veterinary medicine and in particular those associated with production disease in the pig industry. The pig transcriptome is highly complex and still not fully understood. Further gene expression studies are needed to identify molecular biomarkers which may have predictive value in identifying the environmental, nutritional and other risk factors which are associated with production diseases in pigs.

show abstract

Section: Molecular Biomarkers In Pigsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular approaches to the diagnosis and monitoring of production diseases in pigs

Giles

Belkhiri

Barrow

et al. 2017

Research in Veterinary Science

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Our results match previous patterns of miRNA locations, with most miRNAs residing in intergenic regions. In addition, those that appear within gene regions tend to reside in introns, although this varies widely among surveyed organisms (Campo‐Paysaa, Sémon, Cameron, Peterson, & Schubert, ; Isik, Korswagen, & Berezikov, ; Nozawa, Miura, & Nei, ; Paczynska, Grzemski, & Szydlowski, ; Rodriguez, Griffiths‐Jones, Ashurst, & Bradley, ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel microRNAs are associated with population divergence in transcriptional response to thermal stress in an intertidal copepod

Graham

Barreto

2019

Molecular Ecology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The role of gene expression in adaptation to differing thermal environments has been assayed extensively. Yet, in most natural systems, analyses of gene expression reveal only one level of the complexity of regulatory machineries. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small noncoding RNAs which are key components of many gene regulatory networks, and they play important roles in a variety of cellular pathways by modulating post‐transcriptional quantities of mRNA available for protein synthesis. The characterization of miRNA loci and their regulatory dynamics in nonmodel systems are still largely understudied. In this study, we examine the role of miRNAs in response to high thermal stress in the intertidal copepod Tigriopus californicus. Allopatric populations of this species show varying levels of local adaptation with respect to thermal regimes, and previous studies showed divergence in gene expression between populations from very different thermal environments. We examined the transcriptional response to temperature stress in two populations separated by only 8 km by utilizing RNA‐seq to quantify both mRNA and miRNA levels. Using the currently available genome sequence, we first describe the repertoire of miRNAs in T. californicus and assess the degree to which transcriptional response to temperature stress is governed by miRNA activity. The two populations showed large differences in the number of genes involved, the magnitude of change in commonly used genes and in the number of miRNAs involved in transcriptional modulation during stress. Our results suggest that an increased level of regulatory network complexity may underlie improved survivorship under thermal stress in one of the populations.

show abstract

“…However, the largest category of miRNA (39.8 %) was in the intergenic regions (Fig. 2c), which is similar to human (49.9 %) and mouse (44.8 %) [24]. A large number of intragenic miRNA, which were located within introns and exons, were also found, and it is hypothesized that they may co-express with their host genes because of shared promoter sequences [25, 26].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Potentially this could result from a lack of taxon-wide miRNA studies based on well-assembled and annotated genomes. However, a recent study estimated that the proportion of miRNA orthologous pairs between human and mouse was only 16 %, whose genomes are better annotated, leaving a large abundance of species-specific miRNA [24]. miRNA experience a rapid birth and death rate across species, and species-specific miRNA are considered to be evolutionarily recent.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Blood miRNomes and transcriptomes reveal novel longevity mechanisms in the long-lived bat, Myotis myotis

2016

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BackgroundChiroptera, the bats, are the only order of mammals capable of true self-powered flight. Bats exhibit a number of other exceptional traits such as echolocation, viral tolerance and, perhaps most puzzlingly, extreme longevity given their body size. Little is known about the molecular mechanisms driving their extended longevity particularly at the levels of gene expression and post-transcriptional regulation. To elucidate the molecular mechanisms that may underlie their unusual longevity, we have deep sequenced 246.5 million small RNA reads from whole blood of the long-lived greater mouse-eared bats, Myotis myotis, and conducted a series of genome-wide comparative analyses between bat and non-bat mammals (human, pig and cow) in both blood miRNomes and transcriptomes, for the first time.ResultsWe identified 539 miRNA gene candidates from bats, of which 468 unique mature miRNA were obtained. More than half of these miRNA (65.1 %) were regarded as bat-specific, regulating genes involved in the immune, ageing and tumorigenesis pathways. We have also developed a stringent pipeline for genome-wide miRNome comparisons across species, and identified 37 orthologous miRNA groups shared with bat, human, pig and cow, 6 of which were differentially expressed. For bats, 3 out of 4 up-regulated miRNA (miR-101-3p, miR-16-5p, miR-143-3p) likely function as tumor suppressors against various kinds of cancers, while one down-regulated miRNA (miR-221-5p) acts as a tumorigenesis promoter in human breast and pancreatic cancers. Additionally, a genome-wide comparison of mRNA transcriptomes across species also revealed specific gene expression patterns in bats. 127 up-regulated genes were enriched mainly in mitotic cell cycle and DNA repair mechanisms, while 364 down-regulated genes were involved primarily in mitochondrial activity.ConclusionsOur comprehensive and integrative analyses revealed bat-specific and differentially expressed miRNA and mRNA that function in key longevity pathways, producing a distinct bat gene expression pattern. For the first time, we show that bats may possess unique regulatory mechanisms for resisting tumorigenesis, repairing cellular damage and preventing oxidative stresses, all of which likely contribute to the extraordinary lifespan of Myotis myotis.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12864-016-3227-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

show abstract

Distribution of miRNA genes in the pig genome

Cited by 16 publications

References 24 publications

Molecular approaches to the diagnosis and monitoring of production diseases in pigs

Molecular approaches to the diagnosis and monitoring of production diseases in pigs

Novel microRNAs are associated with population divergence in transcriptional response to thermal stress in an intertidal copepod

Blood miRNomes and transcriptomes reveal novel longevity mechanisms in the long-lived bat, Myotis myotis

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About