Distribution of Mini‐Mental State Examination scores among urban community‐dwelling older adults in Japan

Sakuma, Naoko; Ura, Chiaki; Miyamae, Fumiko; Inagaki, Hiroki; Ito, Kae; Niikawa, Hirotoshi; Ijuin, Mutsuo; Okamura, Tsuyoshi; Sugiyama, M.; Awata, Shuichi

doi:10.1002/gps.4513

Cited by 36 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…12 Therefore, in Japanese society with the largest percentage of people aged 65 or older, similar trends are observed to trends identified in studies from other countries. Concerning educational attainment, this study obtained similar results to a nationwide sample of an area-specific study in Japan.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

“…[8][9][10][11][12] Occupation and complexity of work also reportedly affect cognitive functioning, 13-16 and living in a relationship with a partner and/or social network is associated with a lower risk of cognitive decline. [8][9][10][11][12] Occupation and complexity of work also reportedly affect cognitive functioning, 13-16 and living in a relationship with a partner and/or social network is associated with a lower risk of cognitive decline.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…12,14 While the study instead has concentrated on whether the duration of retirement affects cognitive functioning by dealing with its potential endogeneity, it does not focus on other socioeconomic factors, particularly income. 12,14 While the study instead has concentrated on whether the duration of retirement affects cognitive functioning by dealing with its potential endogeneity, it does not focus on other socioeconomic factors, particularly income.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Socioeconomic factors and the risk of cognitive decline among the elderly population in Japan

Okamoto

2018

Int J Geriat Psychiatry

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Aim In Japan, with the largest percentage of population aged 65 years or over, a dementia strategy is needed not only from a medical perspective, but also from a social policy viewpoint. This study aimed to verify the association between socioeconomic factors and cognitive decline among Japanese elderly people. Methods Cognitive decline was assessed over a 15‐year follow‐up period using memory tests or through identifying missing/proxy responses to survey questions due to cognitive dysfunction. I analysed 1886 men and 2102 women in Japan, using competing risk models for cognitive decline, to consider survival effects. Survival effects have not been considered so far although those who live longer may be more likely to experience cognitive decline. Results Men with higher income had a lower risk of cognitive decline (sub‐hazard ratio [SHR]: 0.997, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.995‐0.999). Women with higher education had a lower risk of cognitive decline: 8 to 9 years (SHR: 0.646, 95% CI: 0.457‐0.914) and ≥12 years (SHR: 0.360, 95% CI: 0.164‐0.794) than women with 0 to 7 years of education. Conclusion This study suggests that cognitive decline among the elderly Japanese population is associated with socioeconomic factors, such as income and education, even after taking survival effects into account.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

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confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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Socioeconomic factors and the risk of cognitive decline among the elderly population in Japan

Okamoto

2018

Int J Geriat Psychiatry

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“…The association was significant ( r p = 0.36, p = 0.007), in accordance with previous studies, even with the consideration of confounding factors such as age, sex, and years of education. Behavioral data fit well with Japanese healthy age-matched normative data in MMSE55, FAB56, VFT, and WCST57. Unsurprisingly, EF-Z was significantly correlated with each separate index of EF (VFT: 0.61, FAB: 0.64, WCST (CA): 0.58, WCST (RT): −0.56, and KHT: 0.70; p < 0.001).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 53%

Associations among executive function, cardiorespiratory fitness, and brain network properties in older adults

Kawagoe

Onoda

Yamaguchi

2017

Sci Rep

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Aging is associated with deterioration in a number of cognitive functions. Previous reports have demonstrated the beneficial effect of physical fitness on cognitive function, especially executive function (EF). The graph theoretical approach models the brain as a complex network represented graphically as nodes and edges. We analyzed several measures of EF, an index of physical fitness, and resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging data from healthy older volunteers to elucidate the associations among EF, cardiorespiratory fitness, and brain network properties. The topological neural properties were significantly related to the level of EF and/or physical fitness. Global efficiency, which represents how well the whole brain is integrated, was positively related, whereas local efficiency, which represents how well the brain is functionally segregated, was negatively related, to the level of EF and fitness. The associations among EF, physical fitness and topological resting-state functional network property appear related to compensation and dedifferentiation in older age. A mediation analysis showed that high-fit older adults gain higher global efficiency of the brain at the expense of lower local efficiency. The results suggest that physical fitness may be beneficial in maintaining EF in healthy aging by enhancing the efficiency of the global brain network.

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“…However, a recent Japanese study [43] on community-dwelling older adults found a modest effect of sex with lower MMSE scores among women in the oldest age group. The sex difference in MMSE scores in our study is unlikely to be fully explained by differences in education, age, major depression or the number of days between the index attempt and the research interview.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Few Sex Differences in Hospitalized Suicide Attempters Aged 70 and Above

Wiktorsson

Sterner

Fässberg

et al. 2017

Preprint

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Relatively little research attention has been paid to sex issues in late life suicidal behaviour.The aim was to compare clinical characteristics of women and men aged 70+ who were hospitalized after a suicide attempt. We hypothesized higher depression and anxiety scores in women, and we expected to find that men would more often attribute the attempt to health problems and compromised autonomy. Participants (56 women and 47 men, mean age 80) were interviewed by a psychologist. In addition to psychiatric and somatic health assessments, participants responded to an open-ended question concerning attributions of the attempt.There were no sex differences in depression and anxiety, but women were more likely to report that they found their situation hopeless (67.9% vs. 43.8%, p = 0.02). At least one serious physical disability was noted in 60.7% of the women and 53.2% of the men (p = 0.55). Proportions attributing their attempt to somatic illness did not differ (women, 14.5% vs. men 17.4%, p = 0.79), and similar proportions attributed the attempt to reduced autonomy (women, 21.8% vs. men, 26.1 %, p = 0.64). The unexpected lack of sex differences might be influenced by cultural context in which sex norms play a part.

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Distribution of Mini‐Mental State Examination scores among urban community‐dwelling older adults in Japan

Cited by 36 publications

References 41 publications

Socioeconomic factors and the risk of cognitive decline among the elderly population in Japan

Socioeconomic factors and the risk of cognitive decline among the elderly population in Japan

Associations among executive function, cardiorespiratory fitness, and brain network properties in older adults

Few Sex Differences in Hospitalized Suicide Attempters Aged 70 and Above

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