Distribution of mineral constituents and dry matter in the potato tuber

Johnston, F. B.; Hoffman, I. C.; Petrasovits, A.

doi:10.1007/bf02850284

Cited by 32 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…DM was significantly greater in the outside than in the inside of both Russet Burbank and Shepody and was significantly higher at the stem and apical ends than in the middle section. This distribution agrees with results from previous studies (Johnston et al 1968;Cole 1975;Weaver et al 1978a). There was a wider range of mean DM within tubers of Shepody (17.7 to 23.4%) than in Russet Burbank (22.1 to 26.9%).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 93%

“…A study with several British cultivars showed that small tubers have a lower specific gravity but a wider range of specific gravity between tubers than larger tubers, whereas large tubers have a wide internal variation (Cole 1975). The solid content of Russet Burbank tubers generally increases from the periphery towards the vascular ring then decreases to the centre (Johnston et al 1968) and for several cultivars including Russet Burbank, solids content was greatest at the stem end (Weaver et al 1978a). Sayre et al (1975) removed strips from various locations in Russet Burbank tubers and found that the yield of par fries increased and the fry quality improved with distance from the core due to higher percent solids, although the influence of solid content on yield after processing was less during finish frying than in the par fry stage.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Mapping dry matter and sugars in potato tubers for prediction of whole tuber process quality

Pritchard¹,

Scanlon²

1997

Can. J. Plant Sci.

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. 1997. Mapping dry matter and sugars in potato tubers for prediction of whole tuber process quality. Can. J. Plant Sci. 77: 461-467. Processing quality parameters within different sections of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) tubers grown in Manitoba were measured to determine variability within tubers and to determine if whole tuber quality could be predicted from a specific section. The section that provided the best prediction of overall tuber quality parameters was determined. Changes in specific gravity (SG) and sugars in the outside and the inside of tubers during several months of storage were also measured. Dry matter (DM) of potato cvs. Russet Burbank and Shepody was generally higher at the apical and stem ends than in the middle section and was significantly higher in the outside than in the inside of the tuber. Sucrose concentration generally decreased from the stem end to the apical end of the tuber in Russet Burbank but increased from the stem end to the apical end in Shepody. Sucrose, glucose, and fructose were generally greater, though not always significantly, in the inside of the tuber compared with the outside with the exception of sucrose in Shepody where it was somewhat higher in the outside section. Glucose and fructose generally decreased from stem end to apical end although the difference between the two ends was significant only in Shepody. There was more variability in DM and the three sugars within Shepody tubers than those of Russet Burbank. The outer section of the tuber at the centre of the longitudinal axis (CO) was, overall, most highly correlated to the DM (r 2 > 0.91) of the entire tuber for both cultivars and would be the most appropriate single location for estimating the DM of the entire tuber. Sugar concentrations of whole tubers could not consistently be estimated from that of any particular tuber location although the CO section had the highest correlations overall. During 6 mo storage SG did not change while sucrose decreased and glucose and fructose generally increased in both the outside (CO) and inside (CI) of the tuber. Linear regressions relating DM, SG, and sugars of the CO section to the whole tuber, and relating DM to SG were developed.Key words: Solanum tuberosum L., specific gravity, storage, processing, product quality Pritchard, M. K. et Scanlon, M. G. 1997. Cartographie de la matière sèche et des sucres dans les tubercules de pomme de terre comme outil de prédiction de la qualité technologique du tubercule. Can. J. Plant Sci. 77: 461-467. Nous avons mesuré les paramètres de qualité technologique dans les différentes portions de tubercules de pommes de terre (Solanum tuberosum L.) cultivées au Manitoba, pour déterminer la variabilité intra-tubercule et pour établir la possibilité de prédire la qualité du tubercule entier à partir de celle d'une section particulière. Nous avons ainsi pu établir la section qui fournissait la meilleure prédiction des paramètres qualitatifs du tubercule entier. Nous suivions également l'évolution de la densité et de la teneur en sucre...

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 93%

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confidence: 99%

Mapping dry matter and sugars in potato tubers for prediction of whole tuber process quality

Pritchard¹,

Scanlon²

1997

Can. J. Plant Sci.

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“…In the case of our study using VP-SEM/EDS, Mg apparent concentrations were seen as increasing rapidly at the stem end before gradually decreasing towards the bud end. Johnson et al (1968) found P concentration to increase gradually from stem to bud. This was in agreement with the chemical analyses performed in our study on Shepody, whereas a parabolic trend was observed in Russet Burbank.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…The changes in the apparent concentration observed within the pith in our study, which were not previously seen by researchers, are likely due to the increased number of points analyzed along the tuber, which was facilitated by the use of VP-SEM/EDS. Johnson et al (1968) studied the distribution of K, Mg, Ca, sodium (Na), Fe, manganese (Mn), zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), N, P, and chlorine (Cl) from the stem end to bud end using traditional chemical methods. They divided tubers into four segments from stem to bud and analyzed each of these separately to assess changes in distribution.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mineral concentration and distribution in tubers of fertilized and unfertilized potato cultivars Shepody and Russet Burbank as determined by VP-SEM/EDS

LeRiche¹,

Wang‐Pruski²,

Zheljazkov³

2006

Can. J. Plant Sci.

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LeRiche, E. L., Wang-Pruski, G. and Zheljazkov, V. D. 2006. Mineral concentration and distribution in tubers of fertilized and unfertilized potato cultivars Shepody and Russet Burbank as determined by VP-SEM/EDS. Can. J. Plant Sci. 86: [1349][1350][1351][1352][1353]. Plant nutrients are difficult to measure in situ using traditional chemical methods. In this study, a variable pressure scanning electron microscope (VP-SEM) equipped with energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry (EDS) was used to map elemental nutrients in potato tissue. Samples were taken from tubers of the cultivars Shepody and Russet Burbank from fertilized and nonfertilized plots. Each sample was divided into eight segments from stem to bud. X-ray mapping showed a higher overall concentration of P, Mg, and Ca in tubers from fertilized plots compared with those from unfertilized plots for Shepody and Russet Burbank. P content was correlated with Mg content in Shepody (r = 0.851) and in Russet Burbank (r = 0.748). An increasing gradient of P and Mg from stem end to center of tubers and decrease again towards the bud end was observed in Russet Burbank, but was not as noticeable in Shepody. Ca showed a steady decline from stem end to bud end of tubers and little or no correlation to P or Mg for both cultivars. Results obtained using VP-SEM/EDS showed good correlation to those found using traditional chemical methods. We demonstrated that VP-SEM/EDS can be successfully used for mapping of nutrients in potato tubers. This study gives support to this technique as an alternative to traditional chemical methods of measuring minerals and nutrients. Chaque échantillon a été divisé en huit de la tige au bourgeon. La cartographie aux rayons X révèle que la concentration générale de P, de Mg et de Ca est plus élevée dans les tubercules des parcelles bonifiées que dans ceux venant des parcelles non amendées, pour les deux variétés. La teneur en P présente une corrélation avec celle en Mg pour Shepody (r = 0,851) et Russet Burbank (r = 0,748). Chez la variété Russet Burbank, la concentration de P et de Mg augmente graduellement du talon au centre du tubercule avant de diminuer du centre du tubercule à la couronne. Ce gradient n'est pas discernable chez Shepody. La concentration de Ca diminue de manière soutenue du talon à la couronne, mais il n'existe pas de corrélation avec celle de P ou de Mg, ou très peu, chez les deux cultivars. Les résultats obtenus avec le VP-SEM/EDS présentent une bonne corrélation avec ceux recueillis au moyen des méthodes classiques de chimie. Les auteurs ont montré que le VP-SEM/EDS peut servir à cartographier les éléments nutritifs dans les tubercules de pomme de terre. Cette étude donne du crédit à l'utilité d'une alternative aux méthodes d'analyse chimique pour la quantification des minéraux et des éléments nutritifs.Mots clés: Pomme de terre, microscope électronique à balayage, spectromètre X dispersif en énergie, répartition (minéraux), P, Mg, CaMany plant nutrients and their spatial distribution are associated with potato (Solanum ...

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“…This slice included the periderm, cortex and xylem, perimedullary and pith tissues. The periderm and cortex tissues can comprise up to 45% of the tuber solids (25) and a significant portion of the tuber's inorganic nutrient content (17). All the periderm and a portion of the cortex tissue could be lost from peeling before processing.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitrogen and potassium fertilization of potatoes: Sugars and starch

Westermann¹,

James

Tindall

et al. 1994

American Potato Journal

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Considerable evidence exists that both N and K influence potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) yields and quality. The impact of nutrients on tuber quality parameters under field conditions should be identified so optimum management practices can be utilized. We evaluated the N and K fertilization by Ksources effects on concentrations of nutrients, reducing sugars, sucrose and starch in the stem and apical tuber ends from two irrigated field experiments with the Russet Burbank cultivar. Nitrogen rates of 0, 112, 224 or 336 kg ha-' were combined with selected K rates of 0, 112, 224 or 448 kg ha-' as either KCI or K2SQ4 arranged as an incomplete factorial. A multiple linear regression model was fit to the data and used to predict the response surface for a complete factorial for each K-source. Nitrogen applications increased or decreased reducing sugars in the apical and stem ends, respectively. Potassium decreased reducing sugars in both tuber ends. Sucrose was higher in the apical end than in the stem end but was not appreciably affected by fertilizer treatment. Nitrogen and potassium applications reduced dry matter and starch concentrations in both tuber ends. Potassium had a smaller effect on the apical end when starch was expressed on a dry weight basis, indicating that increased water content was a factor in the K effect. Both N and K concentrations in the tuber ends were negatively related to starch concentrations, but the relationship was different for the apical and stem ends. Tuber Cl concentration indirectly affected starch concentrations in the stem end when KCL was applied. The K fertilization effect on specific gravity depended upon the K concentration in the harvested tuber and was independent of K fertilizer source. These data illustrate the effects of preplant N and K fertilization rates on final tuber quality parameters. Additional studies are needed to further define the effects of nutrient concentrations at different plant growth stages. CompendioExiste considerable evidencia que tanto el N coma el K influencian los rendimientos y calidad de la papa (Solanum tuberosum L. campo, debe ser identificado de modo que pueden utilizarse practicas Optimas de manejo. Se evaluO la fertilizaciOn con N y K por los efectos de las fuentes de K sobre la concentraciem de nutrientes, los aplcares reductores, sucrosa y almidem en los extremos apical y terminal de tuberculos de dos experimentos de campo bajo irrigaciem, con el cultivar Russet Burbank. Se combinaron dosis de 0, 112, 224, o 336 kg ha' de N, con dosis seleccionadas de K de 0,112, 224 o 448 kg ha'', sea comb KC1 o como K2SO4, dispuestas como un factorial incompleto. Se dispuso la information convenientemente en un modelo de regresiOn linear multiple y se le utilizO para pronosticar la superficie de respuesta para un factorial completo para cada fuente de K. Las aplicaciones de N incrementaron o disminuyeron los azikares reductores en los extremos apical y terminal, respectivamente. El K redujo los azficares reductores en ambos extremos del tuberculo....

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Distribution of mineral constituents and dry matter in the potato tuber

Cited by 32 publications

References 5 publications

Mapping dry matter and sugars in potato tubers for prediction of whole tuber process quality

Mapping dry matter and sugars in potato tubers for prediction of whole tuber process quality

Mineral concentration and distribution in tubers of fertilized and unfertilized potato cultivars Shepody and Russet Burbank as determined by VP-SEM/EDS

Nitrogen and potassium fertilization of potatoes: Sugars and starch

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