Distribution of microbiota across different intestinal tract segments of a stranded dwarf minke whale, <i>Balaenoptera acutorostrata</i>

Tian, Jing; Du, Jing; Lu, Zengkui; Han, Jingfeng; Wang, Zhen; Li, Duohui; Guan, Xiaoyan; Wang, Zhaohui

doi:10.1002/mbo3.1108

Cited by 8 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 27 publications

(28 reference statements)

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“…Previous limited studies showed that the stomach harbored high microbial diversity, and for the intestinal tract, the posterior compartment could be more suitable for microbial colonization across cetaceans and other animal species (e.g. Wan et al 2018;Tian et al 2020). Our results are consistent with those views.…”

Section: Diversity Of the Gut Microbiomes In The Short-finned Pilot Whalessupporting

confidence: 91%

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Microbial diversity and structure in the gastrointestinal tracts of two stranded short‐finned pilot whales (Globicephala macrorhynchus) and a pygmy sperm whale (Kogia breviceps)

et al. 2020

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Information on the gut microbiome composition of different mammals could provide novel insights into the evolution of mammals and succession of microbial communities in different hosts. However, there is limited information on the gut microbiome composition of marine mammals, especially cetaceans because of sampling constraints. In this study, we investigated the diversity and composition of microbial communities in the stomach, midgut, and hindgut of 2 stranded short-finned pilot whales (Globicephala macrorhynchus) and hindgut of a stranded pygmy sperm whale (Kogia breviceps) by using 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing technology. On the basis of the 50 most abundant operational taxonomic units, principal coordinate analysis, and non-metric multidimensional scaling analysis, we confirmed that the gut microbial communities of the 3 whales were different. Our results revealed that the gut microbiome of 1 stranded short-finned pilot whale GM16 was dominated by Firmicutes (mainly Clostridium) and Fusobacteria; whereas that of the other pilot whale GM19 was composed of Gammaproteobacteria and Bacteroidetes (mainly Vibrio and Bacteroides, respectively), probably caused by intestinal disease and antibiotic treatment. The gut microbiome of the pygmy sperm whale was dominated by Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes. Moreover, different gastrointestinal tract regions harbored different microbial community structures. To our knowledge, this is the first report of the gut microbiome of short-finned pilot whales, and our findings will expand our current knowledge on microbial diversity and composition in the gastrointestinal tract of cetaceans.

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Section: Diversity Of the Gut Microbiomes In The Short-finned Pilot Whalessupporting

confidence: 91%

“…Studies on the microbial diversity and composition in the gastrointestinal tracts of cetaceans are very few. To our knowledge, only 3 papers investigated the microbial communities in different regions of the gastrointestinal tracts in cetaceans (Wan et al 2018(Wan et al , 2020Tian et al 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbial diversity and structure in the gastrointestinal tracts of two stranded short‐finned pilot whales (Globicephala macrorhynchus) and a pygmy sperm whale (Kogia breviceps)

et al. 2020

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“…Though broad, the available data and research for these species has little depth; but with the constant improvement of molecular methods and new studies being produced, greater depth will be achieved in time. The further removed from humans, the less is known about a particular species [5,6,7,17,18]. Exploratory studies serve to deepen already available knowledge and con rm trends unearthed by previous studies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Because of the gut's in uence on health and general wellbeing it has been subject to a great amount of study in other species and with more research becoming available every year it has become easier to discern the overarching mechanics of the triploblastic gut. However, the ner details involved in said functions within separate animal species remain opaque with omissions and exclusions being a rule more often than an exception; studies purporting to cover an under or never before examined aspect of a certain species' microbiome have become more and more common [5,6,7,8,9 ] With the adoption of molecular biological techniques, insight into the composition, interactions, and biproducts of microbial communities has become more widely available, allowing for closer inspection and observation of these previously inaccessible machinations [6,7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Establishment of Base Interactions of Select Genus Between Multiple Chick Sources in Differential Housing

Brooks

Morgado

Krehling

et al. 2021

Preprint

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BackgroundMicrobial communities in the gut are influenced and shaped by both an individual’s interactions with their environment and the interactions of their progenitors. In chickens, this includes the hatchery they originated from, as well as the environment in which the egg was laid. This study aimed to establish the extent to which the microbial communities of source hatcheries influenced the microbiome of broilers over time by placing birds from two separate source hatcheries (HA,HB) in to both a floor pen and battery cage system as three distinct populations HA, HB, and mixed population (MP). MP was made up of half HA individuals and half HB individuals. Samples of the midgut (defined as the area between the duodenal loop and Meckel’s diverticulum) and the ceca were taken at day 0, 5, and 14 for battery cage birds, and day 0,5,14, 16, 21, 28, and 48 for floor raised birds.ResultsBirds from HA and HB both displayed distinct microbial communities in day 0 samples and retained some of these characteristics through day 48. Furthermore MP samples seemed to be influenced more by the microbiome of the source hatchery that displayed a higher number of OTUs at day zero. More diverse day 0 microbiomes also seemed more resistant to larger shifts in community composition as time progressed. There is some indication that parental diet also shaped the microbiomes of the broiler chickens, with the genus Bacteroides appearing in HB (parent stock fed non-vegetarian diet) populations as early as day 5, MP day 14, and finally appearing in HA (parent stock feed vegetarian diet) at day 21.ConclusionsThe results suggest that there may be a net positive effect on the microbiome of a flock by placing birds with strong day 0 microbial communities in a mixed flock with those with weak or non-beneficial microbial communities.

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“…For example, Sanders et al [ 12 ] investigated the microbial diversity and function of gut microbiomes in baleen whales feces and found them harbored unique gut microbiomes whereas still kept a functional capacity similar to that of both carnivores and herbivores; (2) fecal samples from human cared animals, such as studies on belugas ( Delphinapterus leucas ), Pacific white-sided dolphins ( Lagenorhynchus obliquidens ) and common bottlenose dolphins ( Tursiops truncatus ) [ 13 , 14 ], and Yangtze finless porpoises ( Neophocaena phocaenoides asiaeorientalis ) [ 15 ]; and (3) from dead, stranded animals. A few of studies sequenced along the gastrointestinal tracts of stranded cetaceans to investigate the distribution of microorganisms in different gut regions [ 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gut Microbial Characterization of Melon-Headed Whales (Peponocephala electra) Stranded in China

Bai

Zhang

et al. 2022

Microorganisms

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Although gut microbes are regarded as a significant component of many mammals and play a very important role, there is a paucity of knowledge around marine mammal gut microbes, which may be due to sampling difficulties. Moreover, to date, there are very few, if any, reports on the gut microbes of melon-headed whales. In this study, we opportunistically collected fecal samples from eight stranded melon-headed whales (Peponocephala electra) in China. Using high-throughput sequencing technology of partial 16S rRNA gene sequences, we demonstrate that the main taxa of melon-headed whale gut microbes are Firmicutes, Fusobacteriota, Bacteroidota, and Proteobacteria (Gamma) at the phylum taxonomic level, and Cetobacterium, Bacteroides, Clostridium sensu stricto, and Enterococcus at the genus taxonomic level. Meanwhile, molecular ecological network analysis (MENA) shows that two modules (a set of nodes that have strong interactions) constitute the gut microbial community network of melon-headed whales. Module 1 is mainly composed of Bacteroides, while Module 2 comprises Cetobacterium and Enterococcus, and the network keystone genera are Corynebacterium, Alcaligenes, Acinetobacter, and Flavobacterium. Furthermore, by predicting the functions of the gut microbial community through PICRUSt2, we found that although there are differences in the composition of the gut microbial community in different individuals, the predicted functional profiles are similar. Our study gives a preliminary inside look into the composition of the gut microbiota of stranded melon-headed whales.

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Distribution of microbiota across different intestinal tract segments of a stranded dwarf minke whale, Balaenoptera acutorostrata

Cited by 8 publications

References 27 publications

Microbial diversity and structure in the gastrointestinal tracts of two stranded short‐finned pilot whales (Globicephala macrorhynchus) and a pygmy sperm whale (Kogia breviceps)

Microbial diversity and structure in the gastrointestinal tracts of two stranded short‐finned pilot whales (Globicephala macrorhynchus) and a pygmy sperm whale (Kogia breviceps)

Establishment of Base Interactions of Select Genus Between Multiple Chick Sources in Differential Housing

Gut Microbial Characterization of Melon-Headed Whales (Peponocephala electra) Stranded in China

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