Distribution of &lt;i&gt;MdACS3&lt;/i&gt; null alleles in apple (&lt;i&gt;Malus&lt;/i&gt; × &lt;i&gt;domestica&lt;/i&gt; Borkh.) and its relevance to the fruit ripening characters

Bai, Songling; Wang, Aide; Igarashi, Mamoru; Kon, Tadamasa; Fukasawa-Akada, Tomoko; Li, Tianzhong; Harada, Takeo; Hatsuyama, Yoshimichi

doi:10.1270/jsbbs.62.46

Cited by 13 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…In the present study, a QTL showing significant correlation with harvest time was found at the top of LG Tai15 near the PPACS2 locus. Kunihisa et al (2014) reported that two ACC synthase genes MdACS1 ( Harada et al 2000 ) and MdACS3 ( Bai et al 2012 ) were mapped in LG 15 in apple and that the harvest time QTL at the bottom of LG 15 around MdACS1 was tightly linked to preharvest fruit drop in apple. We suggest that ACC synthase genes ( PPACS2 , MdACS1 ) have multiple functions affecting harvest time, preharvest fruit drop and fruit storage potential both in Japanese pear and in apple.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of QTLs controlling harvest time and fruit skin color in Japanese pear (Pyrus pyrifolia Nakai)

et al. 2014

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Using an F1 population from a cross between Japanese pear (Pyrus pyrifolia Nakai) cultivars ‘Akiakari’ and ‘Taihaku’, we performed quantitative trait locus (QTL) analysis of seven fruit traits (harvest time, fruit skin color, flesh firmness, fruit weight, acid content, total soluble solids content, and preharvest fruit drop). The constructed simple sequence repeat-based genetic linkage map of ‘Akiakari’ consisted of 208 loci and spanned 799 cM; that of ‘Taihaku’ consisted of 275 loci and spanned 1039 cM. Out of significant QTLs, two QTLs for harvest time, one for fruit skin color, and one for flesh firmness were stably detected in two successive years. The QTLs for harvest time were located at the bottom of linkage group (LG) Tai3 (nearest marker: BGA35) and at the top of LG Tai15 (nearest markers: PPACS2 and MEST050), in good accordance with results of genome-wide association study. The PPACS2 gene, a member of the ACC synthase gene family, may control harvest time, preharvest fruit drop, and fruit storage potential. One major QTL associated with fruit skin color was identified at the top of LG 8. QTLs identified in this study would be useful for marker-assisted selection in Japanese pear breeding programs.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of QTLs controlling harvest time and fruit skin color in Japanese pear (Pyrus pyrifolia Nakai)

et al. 2014

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“…The higher ethylene and respiration in “Anna” was accompanied by higher expression of major ethylene biosynthesis genes, MdACSO2, 4 , and 7 and particularly MdACS3a during early fruit development. It has been reported that the cultivars’ specific expression of MdACS3a , and existence of specific allele of this gene leads to high ethylene production in different apple cultivars ( Wiersma et al, 2007 ; Wang et al, 2009 ; Varanasi et al, 2011 ; Bai et al, 2012 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Different Preclimacteric Events in Apple Cultivars with Modified Ripening Physiology

2017

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“Anna” is an early season apple cultivar exhibiting a fast softening and juiciness loss during storage, in comparison to two mid-late season cultivars “Galaxy” and “GD.” The poor storage capacity of “Anna” was correlated with high lipid oxidation-related autoluminescence, high respiration and ethylene production rates, associated with high expression of MdACO1, 2, 4, 7, and MdACS1. All cultivars at harvest responded to exogenous ethylene by enhancing ethylene production, typical of system-II. The contribution of pre-climacteric events to the poor storage capacity of “Anna” was examined by comparing respiration and ethylene production rates, response to exogenous ethylene, expression of genes responsible for ethylene biosynthesis and response, and developmental regulators in the three cultivars throughout fruit development. In contrast to the “Galaxy” and “GD,” “Anna” showed higher ethylene production and respiration rates during fruit development, and exhibited auto-stimulatory (system II-like) effect in response to exogenous ethylene. The higher ethylene production rate in “Anna” was correlated with higher expression of ethylene biosynthesis genes, MdACS3a MdACO2, 4, and 7 during early fruit development. The expression of negative regulators of ripening (AP2/ERF) and ethylene response pathway, (MdETR1,2 and MdCTR1) was lower in “Anna” in comparison to the other two cultivars throughout development and ripening. Similar pattern of gene expression was found for SQUAMOSA promoter binding protein (SBP)-box genes, including MdCNR and for MdFUL. Taken together, this study provides new understanding on pre-climacteric events in “Anna” that might affect its ripening behavior and physiology following storage.

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“… 18 In a previous study, the two null alleles MdACS3a-G289V ( CAPS 866 T ) and Mdacs3a ( CAPS 870 T ) were concluded to affect the ripening initiation only in late-season apple cultivars, but not in early- or mid-season ones. 20 Such discrepancy in different studies regarding the roles of the two null alleles of MdACS3a , particularly MdACS3a-G289V , calls for further investigations into the role of MdACS3a-G289V . Nevertheless, alleles MdACS1–2 and Mdacs3a ( CAPS 870 T ) are clearly demonstrated to be beneficial for breeding apples of low or delayed ethylene profiles in this study, a first effort that simultaneously assessed the roles of MdACS1 and MdACS3a in fruit ethylene production and softening in highly diverse Malus materials.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In a more recent report, however, the allelotypes of MdACS3a were demonstrated to affect the ripening initiation of late-maturing cultivars only, but not the early- or mid-maturing cultivars. 20 To better assess the roles of MdACS1 and MdACS3a , two approaches were taken in this study. The first approach was to estimate the allelotypic effect of the two genes by evaluating fruit ethylene production levels and softening rates in 97 diverse Malus accessions and 34 progeny from 2 controlled crosses.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing the allelotypic effect of two aminocyclopropane carboxylic acid synthase-encoding genes MdACS1 and MdACS3a on fruit ethylene production and softening in Malus

Dougherty

Zhu

2016

Hortic Res

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Phytohormone ethylene largely determines apple fruit shelf life and storability. Previous studies demonstrated that MdACS1 and MdACS3a, which encode 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid synthases (ACS), are crucial in apple fruit ethylene production. MdACS1 is well-known to be intimately involved in the climacteric ethylene burst in fruit ripening, while MdACS3a has been regarded a main regulator for ethylene production transition from system 1 (during fruit development) to system 2 (during fruit ripening). However, MdACS3a was also shown to have limited roles in initiating the ripening process lately. To better assess their roles, fruit ethylene production and softening were evaluated at five time points during a 20-day post-harvest period in 97 Malus accessions and in 34 progeny from 2 controlled crosses. Allelotyping was accomplished using an existing marker (ACS1) for MdACS1 and two markers (CAPS866 and CAPS870) developed here to specifically detect the two null alleles (ACS3a-G289V and Mdacs3a) of MdACS3a. In total, 952 Malus accessions were allelotyped with the three markers. The major findings included: The effect of MdACS1 was significant on fruit ethylene production and softening while that of MdACS3a was less detectable; allele MdACS1–2 was significantly associated with low ethylene and slow softening; under the same background of the MdACS1 allelotypes, null allele Mdacs3a (not ACS3a-G289V) could confer a significant delay of ethylene peak; alleles MdACS1–2 and Mdacs3a (excluding ACS3a-G289V) were highly enriched in M. domestica and M. hybrid when compared with those in M. sieversii. These findings are of practical implications in developing apples of low and delayed ethylene profiles by utilizing the beneficial alleles MdACS1-2 and Mdacs3a.

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Distribution of <i>MdACS3</i> null alleles in apple (<i>Malus</i> × <i>domestica</i> Borkh.) and its relevance to the fruit ripening characters

Cited by 13 publications

References 35 publications

Identification of QTLs controlling harvest time and fruit skin color in Japanese pear (Pyrus pyrifolia Nakai)

Identification of QTLs controlling harvest time and fruit skin color in Japanese pear (Pyrus pyrifolia Nakai)

Different Preclimacteric Events in Apple Cultivars with Modified Ripening Physiology

Assessing the allelotypic effect of two aminocyclopropane carboxylic acid synthase-encoding genes MdACS1 and MdACS3a on fruit ethylene production and softening in Malus

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