Distribution of intracisternal a‐particles in a variety of normal and neoplastic mouse tissues

Wivel, Nelson A.; Smith, Gilbert H.

doi:10.1002/ijc.2910070119

Cited by 125 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…1 for refs.) and occasionally in other normal cell types (28,29), they have as yet no defined physiological role. We have been surprised to observe that TAP-related sequence elements are so abundant and widely distributed in the genome of M. musculus and we are considering the possibility that in this species they have assumed some function beyond coding for the particles themselves.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intracisternal A-particle genes: identification in the genome of Mus musculus and comparison of multiple isolates from a mouse gene library.

Lueders¹,

Kuff²

1980

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

113

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The genome of Mus musculus contains multiple copies (500-1000) of DNA sequences related to the 35S RNA of intracisternal type A particles (LAPs). Using labeled IAP RNA as a probe in blot-hybridization experiments, we have identified a characteristic electrophoretic pattern of reactive fragments generated by restriction endonuclease cleavage of mouse DNA. From the genomic blots, we deduced a composite restriction map for a 6.5-to 7-kilobase (kb) DNA (1,2). These sequences were contained in polyadenylylated RNA molecules of several discrete sizes ranging from 29S to 35S (3). All of the RNA species contain related sequences as judged by hybridization studies (2), and both the 35S RNA from neuroblastoma A particles and the predominant 29S species from myeloma particles have been shown to direct the cell-free synthesis of the major (73,000-dalton) A-particle structural protein (3). There are no close sequence homologies between the genomic RNA of IAPs and those of representative type B and type C viruses of M. musculus (1, 2, 4, 5). However,-IAPs do share partial sequence homology (6) with a distinctive class of.retrovirus endogenous to the Asian murine species M. cervicolor and M. caroli (7,8).Hybridization kinetics have indicated that DNA sequences homologous to IAP RNAs are reiterated to the extent of 500 or more copies per haploid genome of both somatic and germ cells of M. musculus (6, 9). On the other hand, only'20-25 copies of the related genes were found in the DNAs of M. cervicolor and M. caroli (6-8, 10), from whose progenitors M. musculus diverged about 5 million years ago (7, 11). Thus, the evolution of The publication costs of this article were defrayed in part by page charge payment. This article must therefore be hereby marked "advertisement" in accordance with 18 U. S. C. §1734 solely to indicate this fact. 3571M. musculus appears to have been accompanied by a striking amplification of IAP-related genetic information, which now makes up about 0.3% of the total cellular DNA.In situ hybridization studies show that these sequences are distributed among many, perhaps all, of the mouse chromosomes (9). Beyond this, there has been no information about the internal structure of the TAP genes, their arrangement within the mouse genome, and the degree of variation among individual members of this extensive genetic family. This report describes results of studies addressed to these questions.MATERIALS AND METHODS Blot Hybridization. High molecular weight DNA was prepared (9) from BALB/c mouse myeloma MOPC-104E, a neuroblastoma tissue culture line N4 of A/Jax origin, livers of NIH Swiss mice, and the F9 teratoma cell line derived from a tumor in strain 129 mice (12). DNAs were digested to completion with restriction endonucleases (New England BioLabs) and the digests were electrophoresed in agarose gels. DNA fragments were recovered from the gels by binding on glass microbeads (13) or were transferred to cellulose nitrate sheets by a modification (14) of the Southern blot technique (15). For use a...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intracisternal A-particle genes: identification in the genome of Mus musculus and comparison of multiple isolates from a mouse gene library.

Lueders¹,

Kuff²

1980

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

113

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“…In vivo labeling kinetics showed that the pll4-pl20 polypeptides were not major precursors of p73 in intact neuroblastoma cells. This study shows that IAP gene expression in mouse thymus is genetically determined and that a novel class of IAP-related polypeptides can be expressed independently of the major particle structural protein.Intracisternal A-particles (IAPs) are retrovirus-like entities found in many types of mouse tumor cells (20,45). They contain a group-specific internal structural protein, p73 (20,32), and a DNA polymerase activity with properties of reverse transcriptase (42, 43).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Intracisternal A-particles (IAPs) are retrovirus-like entities found in many types of mouse tumor cells (20,45). They contain a group-specific internal structural protein, p73 (20,32), and a DNA polymerase activity with properties of reverse transcriptase (42, 43).…”

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confidence: 99%

Intracisternal A-particle gene expression in normal mouse thymus tissue: gene products and strain-related variability.

Kuff¹,

Fewell²

1985

Mol. Cell. Biol.

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Intracisternal A-particle (IAP)-specific sequences were 5-to 10-fold enriched in polyadenylated RNA from BALB/cJ thymus as compared with RNAs from liver, spleen, and kidney. The major transcripts of 7.2 and 5.4 kilobases were the same size as those found in an TAP-rich neuroblastoma cell line. The absolute levels and proportions of these transcripts varied in thymuses from mice of different inbred strains. With antiserum prepared against p73, the main IAP structural protein, several size classes of IAP-related proteins were immunoprecipitated from extracts of thymus cells incubated with [35S]methionine; these included p73 itself and a group of polypeptides in the size range of 114 to 120 kilodaltons (pll4-pl20). The inbred strains showed marked characteristic differences in the electrophoretic patterns of their IAP-related proteins. Earlier studies showed that the 7.2-kilobase RNA from neuroblastoma IAPs coded for p73 in a cell-free translation system. Correlations between the RNA and protein patterns in thymuses of the different inbred strains indicated that 5.4-kilobase RNA gives rise to the pll4-pl20 polypeptides. Metabolically labeled p120 was found to include methionine-containing tryptic peptides of p73 plus additional peptides consistent with its larger size. In vivo labeling kinetics showed that the pll4-pl20 polypeptides were not major precursors of p73 in intact neuroblastoma cells. This study shows that IAP gene expression in mouse thymus is genetically determined and that a novel class of IAP-related polypeptides can be expressed independently of the major particle structural protein.Intracisternal A-particles (IAPs) are retrovirus-like entities found in many types of mouse tumor cells (20,45). They contain a group-specific internal structural protein, p73 (20,32), and a DNA polymerase activity with properties of reverse transcriptase (42, 43). The isolated particles also contain specific polyadenylated [poly(A)] RNAs (30) ranging in size from 7.2 to about 3.5 kilobases (kb) (34,36,41). These RNA species, which are related to one another in sequence, vary in relative proportion in particles isolated from different tumor sources. Endogenous provirus-like elements homologous to the IAP-associated RNAs ("IAP genes") are reiterated 1,000-fold per haploid genome in Mus musculus (28). The full-size genetic unit is 7.3 kb in length and is colinear with the 7.2-kb transcript (21). Shorter elements with internal deletions are also found (21, 34), and one group of these, the so-called type IT elements (40), are known to give rise to some of the shorter IAP-specific RNAs (34, 41). The IAP genetic elements share many structural properties with integrated retroviral proviruses and certain transposable elements in Drosophila spp. and yeasts (8a). Recently, IAP genes have been found to appear in novel locations in the genome of certain IAP-rich BALB/c mouse myeloma and hybridoma cell lines and to affect the function of genes at the various target sites (5,7,9,10,18,19,41). Thus, on occasion they can act as mobile e...

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“…These particles have subsequently been reported in several mouse tumours (Howatson and McCulloch, 1958;Parsons et al, 1961;Dalton, Potter and Merwin, 1961;Smith, Andervont and Dunn, 1970). Kakefuda, Roberts and Suntzeff (1970) reported similar particles in methylcholanthrene (MC)-induced epidermal tumours in leaden strain (C57L) mice and Wivel and Smith (1971) observed A particles in normal mouse tissues, but did not record them in epidermis. A previous study (Bibby and Smith, 1975) has recorded the presence of intracisternal A particles in normal BALB/c mouse epidermis and described an increase in their incidence during MC-induced epidermal carcinogenesis.…”

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confidence: 99%

C-type and intracisternal A-type virus particles during epidermal carcinogenesis by tobacco smoke condensate in BALB/c mice

Bibby¹,

Smith²

1977

Br J Cancer

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Summary.-Electron microscopic observations of sequential stages of skin carcinogenesis induced by tobacco smoke condensate (SC) and a cyclohexane fraction of tobacco smoke condensate (G) revealed an increase in incidence of intracisternal A particles within the epidermal cells. Tumours induced by SC also contained C-type particles, but these were not seen in G-induced tumours or after irritant or solvent treatment. There was no evidence of an increase in intracisternal A particles after irritant or solvent treatment. A direct relationship between the proliferation of A particles and neoplastic growth of BALB/c mouse epidermis appears likely. The data suggest possible activation of a latent C -type virus by SC.

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Distribution of intracisternal a‐particles in a variety of normal and neoplastic mouse tissues

Cited by 125 publications

References 6 publications

Intracisternal A-particle genes: identification in the genome of Mus musculus and comparison of multiple isolates from a mouse gene library.

Intracisternal A-particle genes: identification in the genome of Mus musculus and comparison of multiple isolates from a mouse gene library.

Intracisternal A-particle gene expression in normal mouse thymus tissue: gene products and strain-related variability.

C-type and intracisternal A-type virus particles during epidermal carcinogenesis by tobacco smoke condensate in BALB/c mice

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