Distribution of ideal cardiovascular health in a community-based cohort of Middle East population

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVESTo improve cardiovascular (CV) health of American population, the American Heart Association (AHA) developed definitions of ideal, intermediate, and poor CV health based on 7 accessible health metrics. The applicability of this construct and the distribution of its components in the community-based populations in the Middle East region have not been reported.DESIGN AND SETTINGSA prospective population-based cohort study conducted from 1999 to 2011.METHODSWe used data from phase 4 of Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study (2009–2011) (2861 women and 2004 men, aged ≥ 20 years) to estimate the frequency of CV health levels (ideal, intermediate, and poor) in adults of both genders, and the frequency of each metric at each level of CV health. The median or mean of each CV health metric was also estimated in the whole spectrum of CV health in all subgroups.RESULTSOnly 1 adult participant met all 7 ideal CV health metrics; 25.01% of women and 26% of men had intermediate CV health; 74.8% of women and 74% of men exhibited poor CV health. Only 19.7% of women and 10.3% of men had 5 or more ideal CV health metrics. Nonsmoking was the most frequent ideal health behavior. A total of 89.6% of participants had 1 or 2 ideal CV health behaviors. Ideal smoking and fasting plasma glucose had the highest frequency of CV health factors among others.CONCLUSIONThe frequency of ideal CV health was extremely low in this cohort of adults. The frequency of intermediate CV health was also low, and it may be significantly lower in the general population.

The Status of Cardiovascular Health in Rural and Urban Areas of Janow Lubelski District in Eastern Poland: a Population-Based Study

“…The frequency of occurrence of all seven CVH indicators is low all over the world, and varies from 0.2% to 15%, depending on geographical location, age, gender, ethnic background, and education level [9,[14][15][16][17]. The rate of achieving ICH results (5-7 ideal metrics) in the researched Polish population was higher than in the Iranian population [18], in the adult population of Republic of Serbia, as well as the adult population of Bosnia and Herzegovina [10]. However, their results were lower than the results of those from Brazil [19], the Canadian research conducted by Maclagan et al [20], the research of the population of Peru [17], and samples of the American population [21,22].…”

Trend of cardiovascular risk factors in the older Iranian population: 2002–2014

“…Aging and population growth, as well as improvements in life expectancy and other health indicators, will have a major influence on the region's health and resources, particularly among low‐ and middle‐income countries, such as Iran . It is worth noting the high prevalence, morbidity and mortality of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) in general and in older populations in Iran and the Middle East …”

“…2 It is worth noting the high prevalence, morbidity and mortality of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) in general and in older populations in Iran and the Middle East. [3][4][5][6] Many studies have shown trends in CVD risk factors in general populations in most regions of the world, but there are few studies in older populations. 7 It is therefore difficult to generalize the efficacy of preventive programs to this group.…”

Risk Factors for Incidence of Cardiovascular Diseases and All-Cause Mortality in a Middle Eastern Population over a Decade Follow-up: Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study

“…It has been predicted that by 2030, over 23.3 million people will die annually from CVD [3], most of which will occur in low-and-middle income countries, such as those in Middle East, where rapid changes in lifestyle, ageing populations and transforming environments all contribute to the dramatic pace of the epidemic [4]. It has been shown that CVDs are becoming a major health problem in this region mostly due to the already high and fast increasing prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors [5–11]. In spite of having higher CVD morbidity and mortality; compared to Western countries, data in regards to the dynamics of CVD from Eastern population is limited [12].…”