Distribution of
            <i>Nocardia</i>
            Species in Clinical Samples and Their Routine Rapid Identification in the Laboratory

Wauters, Georges; Avesani, Véronique; Charlier, Jacqueline; Janssens, Michéle; Vaneechoutte, Mario; Delmée, Michel

doi:10.1128/jcm.43.6.2624-2628.2005

Cited by 98 publications

(74 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…asiatica was reported to be susceptible to the drugs imipenem and tobramycin (5,8), but no major information is known for other drugs (10). Antibiotic susceptibility profiles differ among species of Nocardia (2, 9); thus the determination of MICs for rarely encountered species is necessary for correct therapeutic management.…”

Section: Case Reportmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolation of Nocardia asiatica from Cutaneous Ulcers of a Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Infected Patient in Italy

et al. 2007

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A strain of Nocardia was isolated from cutaneous ulcers of a human immunodeficiency virus-infected patient in Italy. Comparative 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis revealed that the isolate represented a strain of Nocardia asiatica. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was essential to guide the clinicians to successfully treat this infection. CASE REPORTIn July 2005, a human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected 45-year-old male Italian gardener presented with ulcers on the right thigh and a retroauricular ulcer on the left side. On examination, his general condition was found to be poor, and CD4 and CD8 T-cell counts were 189 cells/l and 1,304 cells/ l, respectively; the patient was treated with antiretroviral drugs lamivudine, didanosine, and efavirenz. Primary cultures from ulcer swabs on blood agar and chocolate agar plates incubated at 37°C in 5% CO 2 yielded small, nonpigmented colonies formed by gram-positive, branched, partially acid-fast, rod-shaped organisms that were considered most likely to represent Nocardia spp. Prior to the availability of drug susceptibility results, the patient was empirically treated with trimethoprimsulfamethoxazole, and after 3 months, a complete resolution of the retroauricular ulcer and a partial remission of the thigh ulcer were observed.The strain was identified to the genus and species levels by 16S rRNA gene-targeted PCR. Briefly, Mueller-Hinton broth cultures of the strain were centrifuged and resuspended in TE buffer (10 mM Tris-HCl, 1 mM EDTA, 1% Triton X-100 [pH 8]) and incubated at 95°C for 20 min and then on ice for 5 min. Cellular debris was pelleted at 12,000 ϫ g for 10 min, and the supernatant containing genomic DNA was used for PCR assay. DNA was amplified with primers NG1 (5Ј-ACCGACCACAAGGGGG-3Ј) and NG2 (5Ј-GGTTGTAAACCTCTTTCGA-3Ј) for 30 cycles in an iCycler thermal cycler (Bio-Rad, Hercules, CA) under the following conditions: 94°C for 50 s, 55°C for 20 s, and 72°C for 60 s (6). A 596-bp PCR product observed on a 1.2% agarose gel confirmed that the clinical isolate belonged to the Nocardia genus. Next, the genomic DNA was used to amplify a 1.5-kb fragment of the 16S rRNA gene, using the universal prokaryotic primers 16S-S (5Ј-AGAGTTTGATC CTGGCTCAG-3Ј) and 16S-AS (5Ј-AGGAGGTGATCCAG CCGCA-3Ј) (3). For PCR, 3 min at 95°C was followed by 30 cycles of 95°C for 30 s, 55°C for 90 s, and 72°C for 90 s. The PCR products were purified using a QIAquick PCR purification kit (QIAGEN, Hilden, Germany), and automated sequencing was performed at MWG Biotech (Ebersberg, Germany), using the 16S universal primers. BLAST analysis was used to screen sequence databases for strains related to the isolate; the sequence of the PCR product showed a 100% identity with Nocardia asiatica. The results of the biochemical tests performed as previously described (4)(5)8) were also consistent with those determined for the species N. asiatica: a positive reaction for acid production from glucose and rhamnose and for citrate utilization and a negative reaction for acid production from sorbitol...

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Section: Case Reportmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolation of Nocardia asiatica from Cutaneous Ulcers of a Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Infected Patient in Italy

et al. 2007

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“…So, it is vital to identify specific nocardia species because many strains are multidrug resistant to antibiotics. Hence, because of this sensitivity, appropriate specimen collection and treatment are vital [21]. In this case, an early diagnosis with prompt identification of nocardia species allowed an adequate antibiotherapy with a good result.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Cerebral Nocardiosis in a Patient With Rheumatoid Arthritis Under Treatment With Tocilizumab

et al. 2018

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The use of biological therapy has revolutionized the treatment of various autoimmune diseases. Tocilizumab (TCZ) is a recombinant humanized antiinterleukin-6 (IL-6) receptor monoclonal antibody approved for the treatment of patients with rheumatoid arthritis, as monotherapy or in combination with other disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs). Clinical and post-marketing surveillance studies of TCZ indicate that infections are the most frequent adverse events. Most of the serious infections described are bacterial and viral, with no uncommon pathogens. The authors report a case of a patient with destructive rheumatoid arthritis under TCZ that presented with neurological symptoms and a right cerebellar lesion with marked diffusion restriction suggestive of cerebellar abscess. The microbiologic studies from aspirative cerebral biopsy revealed Nocardia farcinica. With adequate antibiotics, the patient evolved with resolution of all symptoms and brain abscess at 5 months of followup. According to published reports, this is the first case of nocardial infection in patients under TCZ. The case highlights the importance of being aware of risk infection in these patients and need of an early diagnosis allowing a prompt treatment.

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“…Colonies were grown in 35°C within 2 to 7 days. Identification of the genus Nocardia was based on Gram-positive, acid-fast and partially acid-fast staining, resistant to lysozyme and morphological tests such as size, shape and aerial hyphae [12][13][14].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Various Methods for Isolation of Nocardia from Soil

Rasoulinasab

Fatahi-Bafghi

Habibnia

et al. 2017

Zahedan J Res Med Sci

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Background: The genus Nocardia is Gram-positive, aerobic filamentous bacilli and saprophytic micro-organisms that can be isolated from freshwater, salt water, dust and decaying vegetation especially the soil. This study aimed to investigate the several media for to determine a suitable culture media with the ability to better for the isolation of Nocardia from soil. Methods:In this study, 400 soil samples were collected from different areas from Iran. The soil samples were then cultured on the four culture media such as Humic acid vitamin B agar, Paraffin agar, Sabouraud dextrose agar supplemented whit cycloheximide and carbon-free broth containing paraffin rods and incubated at 35°C. All of culture media investigated every 3 days for a month. Colonies suspicious to Nocardia were stained with Gram-stain, acid-fast and partially acid-fast and evaluated for resistance to lysozyme.Results: From 400 soil samples, the number of 62, 10, 28 and 19 strains of Nocardia were isolated by paraffin rods, Humic Acid Vitamin B agar, Paraffin agar and Sabouraud dextrose agar whit cycloheximide, respectively. Most Nocardia strains were isolated using paraffin bait technique. Conclusions:Isolation of Nocardia spp. is enhanced by using the paraffin baiting technique that relies on the selective ability of this micro-organism to metabolize paraffin.

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Distribution of Nocardia Species in Clinical Samples and Their Routine Rapid Identification in the Laboratory

Cited by 98 publications

References 28 publications

Isolation of Nocardia asiatica from Cutaneous Ulcers of a Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Infected Patient in Italy

Isolation of Nocardia asiatica from Cutaneous Ulcers of a Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Infected Patient in Italy

Cerebral Nocardiosis in a Patient With Rheumatoid Arthritis Under Treatment With Tocilizumab

Comparison of Various Methods for Isolation of Nocardia from Soil

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