Distribution of heavy metals in the coastal area of Abu Dhabi in the United Arab Emirates

Rashdi, Saeed Al; Arabi, Alya A.; Howari, Fares M.; Siad, Abdi

doi:10.1016/j.marpolbul.2015.05.052

Cited by 40 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…where (C n /C Fe ) is the ratio of the concentration of heavy metal (C n ) to iron (C Fe ) in the sediment sample and (B n /B Fe ) is the same ratio for the geochemical background [96,97]. Values of EF were used to assess the pollution of bottom sediment samples into the following classes: 0 (EF ≤ 1) no enrichment; 1 (1 < EF ≤ 3) is minor enrichment; 2 (3 < EF ≤ 5) is moderate enrichment; 3 (5 < EF ≤ 10) is moderately severe enrichment; 4 (10 < EF ≤ 25) is severe enrichment; 5 (25 < EF ≤ 50) is very severe enrichment; and 6 (EF > 50) is extremely severe enrichment [98,99].…”

Section: Enrichment Factormentioning

confidence: 99%

Heavy Metals in Bottom Sediments of Reservoirs in the Lowland Area of Western Poland: Concentrations, Distribution, Sources and Ecological Risk

Sojka

Jaskuła

Siepak

2018

Water

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The paper presents the results of a study of heavy metals (HMs) concentrations in six retention reservoirs located in the lowland area of western Poland. The objectives of this study were to analyze the Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn concentrations, assess contamination and ecological risk, analyze the spatial variability of HM concentrations and identify potential sources and factors determining the concentration and spatial distribution. The bottom sediment pollution by HMs was assessed on the basis of the index of geo-accumulation (Igeo), enrichment factor (EF), pollution load index (PLI) and metal pollution index (MPI). To assess the ecological risk associated with multiple HMs, the mean probable effect concentration (PEC) quotient (Qm-PEC) and the toxic risk index (TRI) were used. In order to determine the similarities and differences between sampling sites in regard to the HM concentration, cluster analysis (CA) was applied. Principal component analysis (PCA) was performed to assess the impact of grain size, total organic matter (TOM) content and sampling site location on HM spatial distribution. Additionally, PCA was used to assess the impact of catchment, reservoir characteristics and hydrological conditions. The values of Igeo, EF, MPI and PLI show that Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni and Pb mainly originate from geogenic sources. In contrast, Zn concentrations come from point sources related to agriculture. The mean PEC quotient (Qm-PEC) and TRI value show that the greatest ecological risk occurred at the inlet to the reservoir and near the dam. The analysis showed that the HMs concentration depends on silt and sand content. However, the Pb, Cu, Cd and Zn concentrations are associated with TOM as well. The relationship between individual HMs and silt was stronger than with TOM. The PCA results indicate that HMs with the exception of Zn originate from geogenic sources—weathering of rock material. However, the Ni concentration may additionally depend on road traffic. The results show that a reservoir with more frequent water exchange has higher HMs concentrations, whereas the Zn concentration in bottom sediments is associated with agricultural point sources.

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Section: Enrichment Factormentioning

confidence: 99%

Heavy Metals in Bottom Sediments of Reservoirs in the Lowland Area of Western Poland: Concentrations, Distribution, Sources and Ecological Risk

Sojka

Jaskuła

Siepak

2018

Water

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“…A number of studies have used sediment profiles to describe the contamination history of trace metals in different environments [11][12][13][14][15]. In marine sediment, many approaches (e.g., the geoaccumulation index, potential ecological risk index, sediment quality guidelines, and enrichment factor) have been widely used around the world to assess the contamination of heavy metals based on the total concentration of metals in sediments [5,[16][17][18][19]. In addition, the fractions of metals are often used to assess the mobility, toxicities and ecological risk of metals in the sediment based on sequential extraction procedures [5][6][7][20][21][22].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distribution and Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in Sediment from Bohai Bay, China

2019

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Sediment core and porewater samples from the Western coastal tidal flat in Bohai Bay, China, were collected for meals and physical-chemical properties analysis. The vertical distribution characteristics of eight metals along the core was investigated based on 137Cs and 210Pb radionuclide dating. The chemical fractions of six metals (Cu, Pb, Zn, Ni, Mn and Cd) were also measured based on the modified European Community Bureau of Reference (BCR) sequential extraction procedures to better understand the mobility and bioavailability of these metals in the sediment. In addition, geoaccumulation index (Igeo) and risk assessment code (RAC) are used to assess risk status of these metals in the environment. 210Pb measurement indicates a sedimentation rate of about −1.87 cm∙year−1. The metals Cu, Zn, Pb and Ni show similar vertical distributions throughout the core, while Mn and Cd show different distribution patterns. Ni, Cu, Pb and Zn are strongly associated with the residual fraction while Mn and Cd are dominant in the acid-soluble fraction. According to the estimated diffusive fluxes, the Zn ions were the most mobilized, followed by Cu, Ni, Pb, and to a lesser extent Cd. The result of Igeo shows that Ni in sediments does not reflect any pollution, and Cu, Pb and Zn are in a level from unpolluted to modest polluted throughout the core. Mn and Cd have obvious anthropogenic sources. Based on the RAC, Cd and Mn pose a high to very high risk to the local environment, respectively, due to the significant percentage of exchangeable fraction. Clay content is significantly positively correlated with Ni, Cu, Al and Fe, and Cu, Pb, Zn and Ni might originate from the same sources or be influenced by similar geochemical processes. River runoff and atmospheric deposition are important sources for heavy metals, and since 1998, domestic sewage discharge might have had an important influence on the source of heavy metals (except for Cd and Mn).

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“…Examination of heavy metal levels in the tap water in the capital cities of Australia, Canada, Germany, Iceland, Ireland, New Zealand, Qatar, Singapore, the United Arab Emirates, the United Kingdom, and the United States, showed that copper and lead levels were well below the standards set forth by the World Health Organization (WHO). The United Arab Emirates demonstrated the highest levels of both copper and lead (Figure 2), which were attributed to electroplating, mining, paint, gasoline batteries, as well as piping and plumbing materials[56]. Additionally, Canada demonstrated high copper levels, Qatar and Germany demonstrated high lead levels.Analysis of chlorine and chlorination by-products showed that the UnitedStates, Singapore, and Canada had the highest levels of chlorine in their drinking water(Figure 3).…”

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confidence: 99%

Comparative Analysis of Chemical, Physical and Biological Contaminants in Drinking Water in Various Developed Countries around the World

Karim¹,

Guha²,

Beni³

2020

JWARP

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Sustaining a reliable and contaminant-free drinking water is becoming an increasing challenge worldwide due to human activity, industrial waste, and agricultural overuse. Surface water is the main source of drinking water around the world. However, groundwater is also becoming increasingly popular, due to its clarity and minimal need for processing to reduce turbidity. Over the years, the demand and growth in the agricultural industry has also been the means of groundwater contamination. Due to the health burden that raw water can pose, water must be processed and purified prior to consumption. Raw water quality can be compromised by physical, chemical (heavy metals and disinfection by-products), and biological contaminants. Biological contaminants can significantly impact immunocompromised populations, while chemical contaminants can impact the growth and development of young children. Although obtaining a steady and high-quality water flow to the general population is an increasing challenge, developed countries have utilized state-of-the-art technologies and techniques to provide contaminantfree water to their citizens. This research aims to provide information about the regulatory parameters, characteristics, and sources of safe drinking water in the world as a model for future use in the developing world. In this, secondary data was used to compare and contrast drinking water quality among countries in the European Union,

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Distribution of heavy metals in the coastal area of Abu Dhabi in the United Arab Emirates

Cited by 40 publications

References 27 publications

Heavy Metals in Bottom Sediments of Reservoirs in the Lowland Area of Western Poland: Concentrations, Distribution, Sources and Ecological Risk

Heavy Metals in Bottom Sediments of Reservoirs in the Lowland Area of Western Poland: Concentrations, Distribution, Sources and Ecological Risk

Distribution and Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in Sediment from Bohai Bay, China

Comparative Analysis of Chemical, Physical and Biological Contaminants in Drinking Water in Various Developed Countries around the World

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