Distribution of heavy metals in sediment and water of river Gomti

Abstract

Gomti river receives industrial as well as domestic wastes from various drains of Lucknow city. In the process the water and sediment of the river Gomti get contaminated with heavy metals and other pollutants. In the present study, impacts of domestic/industrial wastes on the water and sediment chemistry of river Gomti with special reference to heavy metals have been investigated in different seasons (summer, winter and rainy). For this, seven sampling sites: Gaughat, Mohan Meakin, Martyr's Memorial, Hanuman Setu, Nishatganj bridge, Pipraghat and Malhaur, in the river Gomti in Lucknow region were identified and samples of water and sediments were collected in all the three seasons. In the collected water and sediment samples, six metals (Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Zn) were analyzed on ICP-AES (Inductively coupled plasma emission spectroscopy) Labtam Plasmalab 8440. High concentrations of all the metals were noticed in water and sediment in rainy season compared to summer and winter. Because in rainy season runoff from open contaminated sites, agricultural field and industries, directly comes into the river without any treatment. In both the cases, the concentration of zinc was maximum (0.091 microg/ml in water and 182.13 microg/g in sediment) and the concentration of cadmium (0.001 microg/ml in water and 17.26 microg/g in sediment) was minimum. Higher concentration of metal in water and sediment during rainy season could be due to the industrial/agricultural/domestic runoff coming into the river.

Accumulation of Heavy Metals in Bottom Sediments of Baltic Sea Catchment Rivers Affected by Operations of Petroleum and Natural Gas Mines in Western Pomerania, Poland

“…Copper content in researched rivers was lower than those described in the literature from Europe and the other side of the world [21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31]. But a comparative analysis of the copper content in Polish rivers shows higher levels in the Radew and Parseta.…”

“…There was a higher level of copper noted in Radew and Parseta sediments than abroad, with the exception of southern Polish rivers and also rivers in France, India, Brazil, and Japan [17,19,20,[23][24][25]27].…”

“…Significantly higher bottom sediment pollution with heavy metals rates were recorded for surface waters strongly influenced by urbanised industrial areas, for instance petroleum refineries in Greece, India, Cameroon, and Turkey [35][36][37][38][39]. Higher metal contents in sediments were also observed in the Gomti River in the Ganges catchment in India, with low metal concentrations in water [24]. River waters in areas neighbouring kaolinite mines in Brazil also contained higher amounts of copper and zinc, but lower amounts of nickel and lead than those in the Radew and the Parseta.…”

Estudo da mobilização de metais e elementos traços em ambientes aquáticos do semi-árido brasileiro aplicando análises de componentes principais

“…É portanto pertinente, devido à preocupação em preservação do ambiente, citar alguns aspectos importantes sobre retenção, remobilização e predominância dos elementos estudados neste trabalho, bem como sua mobilidade nos ecossistemas aquáticos. [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11] A circulação e distribuição das espécies químicas no sistema aquático são bem definidas, entretanto sua dinâmica é influenciada pelas variações climáticas. Em períodos de intensas chuvas ocorrem nítidas alterações nas concentrações das espécies químicas dissolvidas nas amostras das águas de rio e de reservatório; este fato é atribuído a descargas provocadas por enchentes de águas salinizadas provenientes dos pequenos reservatórios existentes em toda área drenada.…”

Heterogeneidade espacial e a qualidade das águas superficiais do Reservatório Guarapiranga (São Paulo-SP-Brasil)

“…Maior concentração de metais na área da barragem também foi observada por Mariani (2005) Os maiores valores para os metais Cd e Ni, encontrados na época das cheias, estão provavelmente associados à drenagem das águas da bacia para a represa (GAUR et al, 2005;MASTOI et al, 2007).…”