Distribution of glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraethers, alkenones and polyunsaturated fatty acids in suspended particulate organic matter in the East China Sea

Nakanishi, Takahiro; Yamamoto, Masanobu; Irino, Tomohisa; Tada, Ryuji

doi:10.1007/s10872-012-0146-4

Cited by 32 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…In the northern OT, higher contents of unsaturated alkenones, observed in the upper water column of ∼ 20 m, and the estimated temperature are consistent with the modern observation based on the sediment trap samples (Nakanishi et al, 2012). Coccolithophore fluxes are high throughout the year, except for the summer season in the ECS (Tanaka, 2003).…”

Section: Salinitysupporting

confidence: 87%

Multiproxy reconstruction for Kuroshio responses to northern hemispheric oceanic climate and the Asian Monsoon since Marine Isotope Stage 5.1 (∼88 ka)

Shi

Zou

et al. 2014

Clim. Past

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Abstract. The Kuroshio, a western boundary current in the northwestern Pacific, plays a key role in regulating ocean and climate in East Asia. The evolution of the Kuroshio and its branches has been the focus of paleoceanographic studies. In this study, we applied a multiproxy (grain size, planktonic foraminiferal species, δ 18 O, alkenone sea surface temperature (SST) and salinity) reconstruction from sediment core CSH1, which is located at the main axis of the Tsushima Warm Current, a branch of the Kuroshio, in the northern Okinawa Trough (OT). This study, extended the paleoceanographic record of the Kuroshio to Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 5.1 (∼ 88 ka) from the far northern site in the OT. Planktonic foraminiferal species identified from this core contain warm-water species related to the Kuroshio and coldwater species related to subarctic water mass. The relative abundances of the warm-water species are high during MIS 1 and MIS 5.1, while cold-water species are high during MIS 2. An organic biomarker proxy, alkenone SST measured from core CSH1 ranges between 21 and 25 • C, with higher values during interglacials (MIS 1, 3.3, 5.1) and interstadials and lower values during glacials and Heinrich (H)/stadial events. Sea surface salinity (SSS) and the depth of the thermocline (DOT), reconstructed based on foraminifera isotopes and faunas, indicate dominant Kuroshio responses to an abrupt climate change event recorded in Greenland ice cores and in stalagmites in East China since ∼ 88 ka. The CSH1 SSS appears to be mainly controlled by the local river runoff and the Kuroshio, while the DOT change seems to be closely related to the strength of the Kuroshio and the latitudinal shift of the subarctic frontal zone. Our records suggest that, during MIS 1 and MIS 5.1, while global sea level was high, the Kuroshio was dominant; while during MIS 2, MIS 3 and MIS 4, with a low sea level, stronger winter Asian Monsoon (AM) and a more southerly subarctic front played important roles in governing the hydrographic characteristics in the OT. Spectral analysis of our multiproxy hydrographic records shows a dominant precessional period at ∼ 24 ka. Our hydrographic records, such as SST, SSS and DOT, from a site near the modern Tsushima Warm Current show regional responses corresponding mainly to the global sea level, the Kuroshio, AM and subarctic front, factors which are consistently invoked in the interpretations of other regional records from the OT.

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Section: Salinitysupporting

confidence: 87%

Multiproxy reconstruction for Kuroshio responses to northern hemispheric oceanic climate and the Asian Monsoon since Marine Isotope Stage 5.1 (∼88 ka)

Shi

Zou

et al. 2014

Clim. Past

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“…Another study also suggested that alkenone-based temperatures represent thermocline temperatures because alkenone concentrations were high at the subsurface in the water column of the central Pacific Ocean (Lee and Schneider 2005). Nakanishi et al (2012b) investigated the vertical distribution of the alkenone concentration in the OT. They showed that the alkenone concentration is 100-200 ng/L at depths of 0-25 m, whereas it is almost 0 ng/L at depths below 100 m. Moreover, alkenone-based temperatures reconstructed from suspended particulate organic matter were consistent with in situ shallow (above 100 m) water temperatures (Nakanishi et al 2012b).…”

Section: Habitat Depth Of Alkenone Producersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nakanishi et al (2012b) investigated the vertical distribution of the alkenone concentration in the OT. They showed that the alkenone concentration is 100-200 ng/L at depths of 0-25 m, whereas it is almost 0 ng/L at depths below 100 m. Moreover, alkenone-based temperatures reconstructed from suspended particulate organic matter were consistent with in situ shallow (above 100 m) water temperatures (Nakanishi et al 2012b). Thus, Nakanishi et al (2012b) suggested that alkenone-based temperatures derived from alkenones preserved in sediments can be used to reconstruct SSTs in the OT.…”

Section: Habitat Depth Of Alkenone Producersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…4a, b). The reason this maximum water depth (approximately 30 m) was chosen is that a study on the depth variation of the alkenone concentration shows that maximum concentration occurs in the top 25 m of the water column (Nakanishi et al 2012b). Annual mean temperatures were obtained from the Japan Oceanographic Data Center (JODC, http://www.jodc.go.jp) and were observed from 1906 to 2003.…”

Section: Core-top Alkenone-based Temperaturesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sea surface temperature proxies (alkenones, foraminiferal Mg/Ca, and planktonic foraminiferal assemblage) and their implications in the Okinawa Trough

Kim

Lee

Bae

2015

Prog. in Earth and Planet. Sci.

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We reviewed three sea surface temperature (SST) proxies in the Okinawa Trough (OT): alkenones, planktonic foraminiferal Mg/Ca, and planktonic foraminiferal assemblages. The seasonal and vertical distribution patterns of each proxy-related organism in the water column were reviewed to confirm the applicability of each proxy. In addition, current SSTs (Japan Oceanographic Data Center dataset from 1906 to 2003) were compared with core-top sediment temperatures reconstructed using the proxies. Temperatures calculated using the alkenone unsaturation index represent annual mean SSTs, and temperatures calculated using Mg/Ca of Globigerinoides ruber capture summer to autumn (June-November) SSTs. Core-top August SSTs calculated from planktonic foraminiferal assemblages corresponded well with the observed SSTs, but core-top February temperatures were~3.6°C warmer than the observed SSTs. SST proxy estimates from marine sediments dating back to the late Holocene (0-3 cal ky BP) and the last glacial maximum (18-21 cal ky BP) were compared. Comparisons between proxy SST estimates show that foraminiferal assemblage-based August SSTs were the warmest. Alkenone-based temperature estimates were lower than Mg/Ca-based temperature estimates, probably because the alkenone-based temperature represents the annual mean temperature, whereas the Mg/Ca-based temperature represents the summer-autumn mean temperature. February assemblage SSTs seem to be greatly affected by the statistical technique and/or database used. These results suggest that seasonality should be considered in past SST reconstruction using alkenone and Mg/Ca in the OT. The planktonic foraminiferal assemblage technique does not appear to be promising with respect to accurately reconstructing past SSTs (especially winter) in the OT. Habitat depth may not be an issue because both alkenone producers and G. ruber live at the upper surface mixed layer in the area. Glacial-interglacial changes in the surface hydrography of the OT reconstructed based on the SST and salinity proxies were also reviewed here. The surface hydrography of the OT has been influenced by changes in the Kuroshio Current and the East Asian monsoon system during the late Quaternary. Comparisons of the hydrography records from the OT with records of stalagmites in China, the Tropical Pacific, and the North Atlantic show that there is a teleconnection between them.

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“…As more becomes known about the habitat of Thaumarchaeota, the environmental conditions to which they respond, and the species most responsible for producing the GDGTs included in the TEX 86 index, it should become possible to refine the interpretation of TEX 86 derived temperature values. For example, recent work has demonstrated that GDGT production occurs primarily in subsurface waters of the ocean (Nakanishi et al, 2012;Basse et al, 2014). Subsurface growth of chemoautotrophic Thaumarchaeota is thought to result from the greater availability of NH 4 + generated from remineralization of particulate organic matter (POM) sinking out of the euphotic zone (Karner et al, 2001;Wuchter et al, 2006a;Schouten et al, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

TEX86 paleothermometer as an indication of bottom water temperature in the Yellow Sea

Xing

Sachs

Gao

et al. 2015

Organic Geochemistry

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Distribution of glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraethers, alkenones and polyunsaturated fatty acids in suspended particulate organic matter in the East China Sea

Cited by 32 publications

References 49 publications

Multiproxy reconstruction for Kuroshio responses to northern hemispheric oceanic climate and the Asian Monsoon since Marine Isotope Stage 5.1 (∼88 ka)

Multiproxy reconstruction for Kuroshio responses to northern hemispheric oceanic climate and the Asian Monsoon since Marine Isotope Stage 5.1 (∼88 ka)

Sea surface temperature proxies (alkenones, foraminiferal Mg/Ca, and planktonic foraminiferal assemblage) and their implications in the Okinawa Trough

TEX86 paleothermometer as an indication of bottom water temperature in the Yellow Sea

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