Distribution of Genets of <i>Perenniporia subacida</i> in Stands of <i>Chamaecyparis obtusa</i> (Japanese Cypress) Determined by AFLP Fingerprints and Somatic Incompatibility

Tabata, Masanobu; Suyama, Yoshihisa; Abe, Yukihide

doi:10.1094/pdis-93-8-0826

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Strain SSM001 was isolated from Taxus wood. We applied Taxol (HPLC grade, Sigma #T7402 isolated from Taxus brevifolia ) to three different fungi known to infect conifer wood: Heterobasidion annosum , Phaeolus schweinitzii and Perenniporia subacida , of which P. schweinitzii is known to infect Taxus wood [35-37]. Taxol inhibited the growth of all three wood decaying fungi (Figure 4).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A fungal endophyte induces transcription of genes encoding a redundant fungicide pathway in its host plant

et al. 2013

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BackgroundTaxol is an anti-cancer drug harvested from Taxus trees, proposed ecologically to act as a fungicide. Taxus is host to fungal endophytes, defined as organisms that inhabit plants without causing disease. The Taxus endophytes have been shown to synthesize Taxol in vitro, providing Taxus with a second potential biosynthetic route for this protective metabolite. Taxol levels in plants vary 125-fold between individual trees, but the underlying reason has remained unknown.ResultsComparing Taxus trees or branches within a tree, correlations were observed between Taxol content, and quantity of its resident Taxol-producing endophyte, Paraconiothyrium SSM001. Depletion of fungal endophyte in planta by fungicide reduced plant Taxol accumulation. Fungicide treatment of intact plants caused concomitant decreases in transcript and/or protein levels corresponding to two critical genes required for plant Taxol biosynthesis. Taxol showed fungicidal activity against fungal pathogens of conifer wood, the natural habitat of the Taxol-producing endophyte. Consistent with other Taxol-producing endophytes, SSM001 was resistant to Taxol.ConclusionsThese results suggest that the variation in Taxol content between intact Taxus plants and/or tissues is at least in part caused by varying degrees of transcriptional elicitation of plant Taxol biosynthetic genes by its Taxol-producing endophyte. As Taxol is a fungicide, and the endophyte is resistant to Taxol, we discuss how this endophyte strategy may be to prevent colonization by its fungal competitors but at minimal metabolic cost to itself.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A fungal endophyte induces transcription of genes encoding a redundant fungicide pathway in its host plant

et al. 2013

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“…Based on reports that Taxol is fungicidal in that it can suppress fungal mitosis [8][9][10][11], we tested whether endophyte SSM001 could suppress three wood-decaying fungi (WDF): Heterobasidion annosum, Phaeolus schweinitzii, and Perenniporia subacida. These WDF pathogens infect conifers, with P. schweinitzii known to infect Taxus [13][14][15][16]. SSM001 inhibited growth of these WDF in vitro (Figures 1G, S2A, and S2B) similar to their taxane extracts ( Figure S2C) and pure Taxol ( Figure 1H), but not solvent controls ( Figure 1I).…”

Section: Taxol and The Taxol-producing Endophyte Inhibit Wood-decayinmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Endophyte Constructs Fungicide-Containing Extracellular Barriers for Its Host Plant

et al. 2015

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Surface cracks create sites for pathogen invasion. Yew trees (Taxus) hyperbranch from long-lived buds that lie underneath the bark [1], resulting in persistent bark cracking and deep air pockets, potentially allowing pathogens to enter the nutrient-rich vascular system (vertical phloem and inter-connected radial medullary rays [MR]). Yew is famous as the source of the anti-cancer diterpenoid drug Taxol. A mystery has been why both the tree and its resident non-pathogenic fungi (endophytes) synthesize Taxol, apparently redundantly [2-7]. These endophytes, as well as pure Taxol, suppress fungal pathogens including wood-decaying fungi (WDF) [8-11]. Here we show that a Taxol-producing fungal endophyte, Paraconiothyrium SSM001 [12], migrates to pathogen entry points including branch cracks. The fungus sequesters Taxol in intracellular hydrophobic bodies that are induced by WDF for release by exocytosis, after which the bodies can coalesce to form remarkable extracellular barriers, laced with the fungicide. We propose that microbial construction of fungicide-releasing hydrophobic barriers might be a novel plant defense mechanism. We further propose that the endophyte might be evolutionarily analogous to animal immune cells, in that it might expand plant immunity by acting as an autonomous, anti-pathogen sentinel that monitors the vascular system.

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Perenniporins A‒C, new cytochalasans from the fungus Perenniporia subacida with cytotoxic and anti-inflammatory activities

Guo

Quan-ping

Zhang

et al. 2021

Phytochemistry Letters

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Distribution of Genets of Perenniporia subacida in Stands of Chamaecyparis obtusa (Japanese Cypress) Determined by AFLP Fingerprints and Somatic Incompatibility

Cited by 3 publications

References 26 publications

A fungal endophyte induces transcription of genes encoding a redundant fungicide pathway in its host plant

A fungal endophyte induces transcription of genes encoding a redundant fungicide pathway in its host plant

An Endophyte Constructs Fungicide-Containing Extracellular Barriers for Its Host Plant

Perenniporins A‒C, new cytochalasans from the fungus Perenniporia subacida with cytotoxic and anti-inflammatory activities

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