Distribution of Fertile Magnaporthe grisea Fungus Pathogenic to Rice in Yunnan Province, China.

Hayashi, Nagao; Li, Chengyun; Li, Jarui; Iwano, Masataka; Naito, Hideki; Yoshino, Reiichi; Katô, Hajime

doi:10.3186/jjphytopath.63.316

Cited by 10 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Moreover, hermaphroditic strains identified in some restricted areas lead to the assumption that sexual reproduction could occur in the field (Wang and Valent, 2009 ). Hermaphroditic isolates are rare and previous studies showed that hermaphroditic strains could be found in Thailand, India, Philippines, and Yunnan province of China (Hayashi et al, 1997 ; Kumar et al, 1999 ; Mekwatanakarn et al, 1999 ). In this study, hermaphroditic strains are found in four regions, three of them locate in the northeastern of the Sichuan Basin and isolates collected in five regions have both the mating types ( Figure 7 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Loss and Natural Variations of Blast Fungal Avirulence Genes Breakdown Rice Resistance Genes in the Sichuan Basin of China

Huang

Lin

et al. 2022

Front. Plant Sci.

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Magnaporthe oryzae is the causative agent of rice blast, a devastating disease in rice worldwide. Based on the gene-for-gene paradigm, resistance (R) proteins can recognize their cognate avirulence (AVR) effectors to activate effector-triggered immunity. AVR genes have been demonstrated to evolve rapidly, leading to breakdown of the cognate resistance genes. Therefore, understanding the variation of AVR genes is essential to the deployment of resistant cultivars harboring the cognate R genes. In this study, we analyzed the nucleotide sequence polymorphisms of eight known AVR genes, namely, AVR-Pita1, AVR-Pii, AVR-Pia, AVR-Pik, AVR-Pizt, AVR-Pi9, AVR-Pib, and AVR-Pi54 in a total of 383 isolates from 13 prefectures in the Sichuan Basin. We detected the presence of AVR-Pik, AVR-Pi54, AVR-Pizt, AVR-Pi9, and AVR-Pib in the isolates of all the prefectures, but not AVR-Pita1, AVR-Pii, and AVR-Pia in at least seven prefectures, indicating loss of the three AVRs. We also detected insertions of Pot3, Mg-SINE, and indels in AVR-Pib, solo-LTR of Inago2 in AVR-Pizt, and gene duplications in AVR-Pik. Consistently, the isolates that did not harboring AVR-Pia were virulent to IRBLa-A, the monogenic line containing Pia, and the isolates with variants of AVR-Pib and AVR-Pizt were virulent to IRBLb-B and IRBLzt-t, the monogenic lines harboring Pib and Piz-t, respectively, indicating breakdown of resistance by the loss and variations of the avirulence genes. Therefore, the use of blast resistance genes should be alarmed by the loss and nature variations of avirulence genes in the blast fungal population in the Sichuan Basin.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Loss and Natural Variations of Blast Fungal Avirulence Genes Breakdown Rice Resistance Genes in the Sichuan Basin of China

Huang

Lin

et al. 2022

Front. Plant Sci.

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“…We conclude that the sample populations of M. grisea from rice in Argentina are similar to populations from rice in other countries with respect to mating-type distribution and fertility status [13,22,23,25,[31][32][33][34].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mating-type Distribution and Fertility Status in Magnaporthe grisea Populations from Argentina

Consolo¹,

Cordo

Salerno³

2005

Mycopathologia

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Isolates of Magnaporthe grisea causing gray leaf spot on rice were collected in Argentina and analyzed for mating distribution and fertility. One hundred and twenty-five isolates of M. grisea were collected from rice plants between 2000 and 2003. Each isolate was tested for mating type through a polymerase chain reaction based assay. All M. grisea isolates from Argentina belonged to a single mating type, MAT1.1. The fertility status of isolates was determined using controlled crosses in vitro, pairing each isolate with GUY11 and KA9 (MAT1.2 standard hermaphroditic testers). Production of perithecia was scarce among isolates of the blast pathogen since a low percentage of them (7.2%) developed perithecia with only one of the fertile tester (KA9); all crosses failed with the other tester strain. Asci and ascospores were not observed. The presence of only one mating type and the absence of female fertile isolates indicate that sexual reproduction is rare or absent in M. grisea populations associated with rice in Argentina.

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“…Kyu89-246 is compatible (virulent) and Kyu77-07A is incompatible (avirulent) with Nipponbare. To produce the inoculum, 12-day-old M. grisea cultures growing on oatmeal agar (Hayashi et al 1997) at 26°C were washed off by gentle rubbing with a water-soaked paintbrush and then placed under continuous illumination with near-UV light (360 nm, 18 W, Toshiba FL20S BLB; Toshiba Co., Tokyo) at 21°C for 3-5 days to induce sporulation. Spores were harvested by washing the cultures with water, and the spore suspension was adjusted to 100,000 to 600,000 spores/ ml.…”

Section: Inoculation Of Rice With Rice Blastmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolation and molecular characterization of a Spotted leaf 18 mutant by modified activation-tagging in rice

et al. 2007

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A lesion mimic mutant that we designated Spotted leaf 18 (Spl18) was isolated from 13,000 activation-tagging lines of rice produced by our modified activation-tagging vector and further characterized. Spl18 was dominant and its phenotype was linked to the T-DNA insertion. An ORF was located about 500 bp downstream of the inserted T-DNA, and the deduced protein, designated OsAT1, showed sequence similarity to an acyltransferase whose expression is induced by hypersensitive reaction in tobacco. The transcriptional level of OsAT1 was very low in the WT leaf blade but high in Spl18 leaf blade. In wild-type rice, OsAT1 was transcribed mainly in the young panicle, in the panicle just after heading, and in the leaf sheath. In addition, transcription of the genes for PR protein was upregulated in Spl18, accumulation of phytoalexins (both momilactone A and sakuranetin) was increased, and resistance to blast disease was improved. We then combined OsAT1 genomic DNA downstream of the modified 35S promoter and re-transformed it into rice. Lesion mimic and blast resistance phenotypes were detected in the transgenic lines produced, clearly indicating that overexpression of OsAT1 caused the Spl18 phenotypes. In addition, plants overexpressing OsAT1 showed resistance to bacterial blight.

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Distribution of Fertile Magnaporthe grisea Fungus Pathogenic to Rice in Yunnan Province, China.

Cited by 10 publications

References 13 publications

Loss and Natural Variations of Blast Fungal Avirulence Genes Breakdown Rice Resistance Genes in the Sichuan Basin of China

Loss and Natural Variations of Blast Fungal Avirulence Genes Breakdown Rice Resistance Genes in the Sichuan Basin of China

Mating-type Distribution and Fertility Status in Magnaporthe grisea Populations from Argentina

Isolation and molecular characterization of a Spotted leaf 18 mutant by modified activation-tagging in rice

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