Distribution of Fatty Acids and Lipids During Pregnancy

Chavan‐Gautam, Preeti; Rani, Alka; Freeman, Dilys J.

doi:10.1016/bs.acc.2017.12.006

Cited by 33 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 168 publications

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“…These include enhancement of neutral lipids, specific PLs with long-fatty acid chains. During healthy pregnancy, lipids are commonly used for intracellular membrane biogenesis, energy storage directed down catabolic pathways or exported out of the placenta and become available to the developing fetus 23,49,50 . Here, we show that ZIKV-induced metabolic alterations impair the placental FA de novo synthesis and uptake pathway.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolic reprogramming by Zika virus provokes inflammation in human placenta

et al. 2020

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The recent outbreak of Zika virus (ZIKV) was associated with birth defects and pregnancy loss when maternal infection occurs in early pregnancy, but specific mechanisms driving placental insufficiency and subsequent ZIKV-mediated pathogenesis remain unclear. Here we show, using large scale metabolomics, that ZIKV infection reprograms placental lipidome by impairing the lipogenesis pathways. ZIKV-induced metabolic alterations provide building blocks for lipid droplet biogenesis and intracellular membrane rearrangements to support viral replication. Furthermore, lipidome reprogramming by ZIKV is paralleled by the mitochondrial dysfunction and inflammatory immune imbalance, which contribute to placental damage. In addition, we demonstrate the efficacy of a commercially available inhibitor in limiting ZIKV infection, provides a proof-of-concept for blocking congenital infection by targeting metabolic pathways. Collectively, our study provides mechanistic insights on how ZIKV targets essential hubs of the lipid metabolism that may lead to placental dysfunction and loss of barrier function.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolic reprogramming by Zika virus provokes inflammation in human placenta

et al. 2020

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“…This implies that they are part of the molecular mechanisms of plant cells for the correction of the redox imbalance . In this regard, these molecules are considered oxylipins (bioactive lipid metabolites derived from polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) via the cyclooxygenase, lipoxygenase, and cytochrome P450 pathways, but also produced due to non‐enzymatic peroxidation of PUFAs). The synthesis of these compounds in plant cells starts with the precursors 16‐G 1 ‐ and 9‐G 1 ‐phytoP, precursors of the diverse classes of cyclic compounds (A 1 , B 1 , D 1 , E 1 , F 1 , dJ 1 , and L 1 ‐PhytoPs) .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Value of Legume Foods as a Dietary Source of Phytoprostanes and Phytofurans Is Dependent on Species, Variety, and Growing Conditions

García‐García

Río-Celestino

Gil‐Izquierdo

et al. 2019

Euro J Lipid Sci & Tech

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Bioactive phytoprostanes and phytofurans are synthesized in higher plants by non‐enzymatic oxidation of α‐linolenic acid (C18:3 n‐3), triggered by high concentrations of reactive oxygen species. In the current scenario of changing dietary patterns, additional information is needed on the concentrations of oxylipins in legumes and on the effect of sustained deficit irrigation on their concentration. The main objective of the work is to elucidate the phytoprostane and phytofuran profile (including eight and three compounds, respectively) of three Pisum sativum cultivars (“mangetout” (ssp. arvense), “BGE‐033620,” and “Lincoln”) and Phaseolus vulgaris (French bean cv. “Helda”), to unravel the oxidative response of these crops to sustained irrigation deficit in terms of oxidative stress, as well as in their importance as healthy dietary sources of new bioactive compounds. Phytoprostanes and phytofurans vary between varieties and species, with 9‐F1t‐PhytoP and ent‐16‐(RS)‐13‐epi‐ST‐Δ14‐9‐PhytoF being the most abundant. The level of phytoprostanes and phytofurans is also determined in sustained deficit irrigation (50% water needed), revealing modifications of their profile and concentration. In conclusion, bioactive phytoprostanes and phytofurans are present in legumes in high concentrations, being further modified by abiotic stress growing conditions, highlighting the importance of this plant food as a dietary source of these bioactive molecules. Practical Applications: This work is of high relevance from the lipidomic point of view, given that phytoprostanes and phytofurans have been promoted as new bioactive secondary metabolites due to their structural analogy with mammal oxylipins. These compounds can be further postulated as possible markers for the monitoring of the physiological status of legume plants under different agronomical conditions. The results obtained can contribute to the successful development of future research in the field of plant physiology and nutrition, significantly contributing to the advance of the current knowledge on the biological role of phytoprostanes and phytofurans in plants and complex biological systems. Species‐dependent modification of phytoprostanes and phytofurans by deficit irrigation in French‐bean, pea, and mangetout.

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“…The protective effect of EPA on maternal report of infant NA (both fear and sadness) appears to be the most robust of these associations. Omega-3 FAs are important during pregnancy, as they support optimal placental functioning and are required for healthy fetal growth and brain development, particularly during the third trimester (Greenberg et al, 2008; Chavan-Gautam et al, 2018). Their protective effects on fetal growth and child cognitive development have been well-documented (Innis, 2007; Greenberg et al, 2008), though this is the first study to link maternal n-3 FA concentrations during pregnancy with measures of infant emotional development.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increased Maternal Prenatal Adiposity, Inflammation, and Lower Omega-3 Fatty Acid Levels Influence Child Negative Affect

et al. 2019

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ObjectiveIncreased maternal adiposity during pregnancy is associated with offspring risk for psychiatric disorders. Inflammation secondary to adiposity is believed to be an important mechanism through which this effect occurs. Although increased adiposity introduces risk, not all children of overweight mothers develop these problems. Gestational factors that modify this risk are not well-understood. If maternal increased adiposity exerts its effects on offspring outcomes by increasing inflammation in the gestational environment, then anti-inflammatory inputs such as omega-3 fatty acids may be one protective factor. The goal of this study was to investigate whether maternal pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI) and omega-3 fatty acid levels independently and/or interactively predicted offspring infant negative affect, an early life marker of risk for psychopathology.MethodsData came from a prospective study of women recruited during pregnancy and their 6 month old infants (N = 62; 40% female). Maternal pre-pregnancy BMI was pulled from medical charts and third trimester omega-3 fatty acid concentrations were assessed in plasma. Child negative affect was assessed using observer- and maternal-ratings at 6 months of age. Maternal inflammation was indexed by third trimester plasma levels of interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1.ResultsMaternal pre-pregnancy BMI was associated with increased infant negative affect whereas eicosapentaenoic acid was associated with less infant negative affect. Maternal omega-3 fatty acid levels moderated the effect of BMI on infant negative affect, such that omega-3 fatty acids buffered children against the negative consequences of increased adiposity. Supporting the role of maternal inflammation in these associations, maternal BMI and omega-3 fatty acid levels interacted to predict maternal third trimester inflammation. Further, maternal inflammation was associated with increased infant negative affect.ConclusionResults suggest that omega-3 supplementation during pregnancy may protect against offspring behavioral risk associated with increased maternal adiposity.

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Distribution of Fatty Acids and Lipids During Pregnancy

Cited by 33 publications

References 168 publications

Metabolic reprogramming by Zika virus provokes inflammation in human placenta

Metabolic reprogramming by Zika virus provokes inflammation in human placenta

The Value of Legume Foods as a Dietary Source of Phytoprostanes and Phytofurans Is Dependent on Species, Variety, and Growing Conditions

Increased Maternal Prenatal Adiposity, Inflammation, and Lower Omega-3 Fatty Acid Levels Influence Child Negative Affect

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