Distribution of dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane and hexachlorocyclohexane in urban soils and risk assessment

Kumar, Bhupander; Mishra, Meenu; Verma, V. K.; Kumar, Sanjay; Sharma, Chandra Shekhar

doi:10.4081/xeno.2013.e1

Cited by 18 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…The estimated HQ values were much below the acceptable safe risk level (HQ 1), indicating a negligible risk to the consumer. [20] As indicated by the data compiled in the National Implementation Plan for the Stockholm Convention (2012), [44] the concentration of the sum of dl-PCBs in cow 0 s milk in Poland in 2007-2011 [44] ranged from 0.35 to 0.7 pg -TEQ WHO -PCBs ¢g ¡1 lipid (Fig. 3).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The estimation of consumer health risk associated with organochlorine xenobiotics in hard smoked cheese in Poland

Witczak

Pohoryło

2015

Journal of Environmental Science and Health, Part B

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The aim of this study was to estimate the health risks associated with consumption of smoked cheeses, which are popular in Poland. The analysis covered polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) indicator congeners (ndl-PCBs: PCB 28, PCB 52, PCB 101, PCB 138, PCB 153, PCB 180), dioxin-like PCBs (dl-PCBs): non-ortho (PCB 77, PCB 81, PCB 126, PCB 169) and mono-ortho (PCB 105, PCB 114, PCB 118, PCB 156, PCB 157), as well as organochlorine pesticides (OCPs: αHCH, βHCH, γHCH, heptachlor, aldrin, heptachlor epoxid isomer B, dieldrin, pp'DDE op'DDD, pp'DDT, pp'DDD, op'DDT, endrin). The pesticide residues detected in the examined cheese were below the maximum residues levels. The estimated daily intake [lifetime average daily dose (LADD)] referring to the sum of the compounds varied within 4.21 · 10(-7)-3.92 · 10(-6) mg · kg(-1) · day(-1) and was significantly lower than the tolerable daily intake/acceptable daily intake (TDI/ADI) for individual compounds. The health hazard quotient, being the exact measure of the magnitude of exposure potential or a quantifiable potential for developing non-carcinogenic health effects after an averaged exposure period, was also very low, ranging from 2.87 · 10(-6) to 5.32 · 10(-5). The obtained results confirmed that the intake of rennet cheese does not pose any consumer health risk in Poland.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The estimation of consumer health risk associated with organochlorine xenobiotics in hard smoked cheese in Poland

Witczak

Pohoryło

2015

Journal of Environmental Science and Health, Part B

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“…The infant exposure risk was estimated based on the lifetime average daily dose (LADD) and the hazard quotient (HQ) ([ 20 , 21 , 22 ], taking into account milk consumption, infant body weight, infant sex, and the estimated food intake. Daily milk consumption ranges from 478 mL to 1356 mL, with an average of 798 mL [ 23 , 24 , 25 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Endocrine-Disrupting Organochlorine Pesticides in Human Breast Milk: Changes during Lactation

2021

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The aim of the present study was to assess infant safety associated with the occurrence of endocrine-disrupting organochlorine pesticides (OCP) in breast milk. Moreover, the association between pregnant mothers’ dietary habits and these compounds levels in breast milk was investigated. Breast milk was collected at various stages of lactation. The samples were analyzed by the GC-MS method. The OCP concentrations ranged from < limit of detection (LOD) to 6.81 ng/g lipids. The highest OCP concentrations in breast milk occurred primarily within the first month of lactation, and decreased over the lactation period. It was found that the maternal consumption of certain food products—in particular pork, beef, poultry, eggs, and dairy products—could have affected the content of 1,1’-(2,2,2-Trichloroethane-1,1-diyl)bis(4-chlorobenzene), called DDT and its metabolites in the breast milk. The levels of beta-endosulfan were positively correlated with fish and poultry consumption. The redundancy analysis indicated that the diets of the pregnant women had an important impact on pesticide residues in the breast milk. There is a potential possibility of lowering the content of organochlorine compounds in breast milk by adhering to nutritional recommendations, e.g., avoiding the excessive consumption of fish and other raw food materials of unknown origin.

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“…Several studies have been carried out worldwide including India on human health effects of organic pollutants such as PAHs and organochlorines through soils Wang et al 2011;Liao et al 2012;Okedeyi et al 2013;Syed et al 2013;Kumar et al 2013aKumar et al , 2013bKumar et al , 2013c. In this study, the distribution and health risks of probable carcinogenic PAHs, DL-PCBs, and the OCPs of the HCH and DDT groups in soils from the urbanÀrural areas of National Capital Region in North India have been studied.…”

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confidence: 98%

Persistent organic pollutants in residential soils of North India and assessment of human health hazard and risks

Kumar

Verma

Mishra

et al. 2014

Toxicological & Environmental Chemistry

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Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) (dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane, hexachlorocyclohexane, and their isomers) and dioxin-like polychlorined biphenyls (DL-PCBs) in residential soils from North India have been quantified for the assessment of human health risks. The average concentration based on dry weight basis of P PAHs, P OCPs, and P DL-PCBs were 3600 § 1600, 8.2 § 1.6, and 3.6 § 0.8 mg kg ¡1 , respectively. The observed levels were more or less comparable globally and lower than recommended soil quality guidelines. For risk assessment, lifetime average daily doses (LADD) of P PAHs, P OCPs, and P DL-PCBs for human adults were estimated to be 3.5 £ 10 ¡6 mg kg ¡1 d ¡1 , 9.7 £ 10 ¡9 mg kg ¡1 d ¡1 , and 4.4 £ 10 ¡11 mg-TEQ kg ¡1 d ¡1 , and for children 1.8 £ 10 ¡5 mg kg ¡1 d ¡1 , 5.1 £ 10 ¡8 mg kg ¡1 d ¡1 , and 2.3 £ 10 ¡10 mg-TEQ kg ¡1 d ¡1 . The corresponding incremental lifetime cancer risks for human adults were 3.9 £ 10 ¡6 , 1.2 £ 10 ¡8 , 6.7 £ 10 ¡6 , and for children 2.1 £ 10 ¡5 , 6.5 £ 10 ¡8 , 3.5 £ 10 ¡5 , and lower than the acceptable guideline range of 10 ¡6 À10 ¡4 for adults but within that range for children. The non-cancer risks due to OCPs and DL-PCBs were less than 1 (1.0). It is concluded that cancer and non-cancer risks for humans through PAHs, PCBs and OCPs in these soils are low.

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Distribution of dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane and hexachlorocyclohexane in urban soils and risk assessment

Cited by 18 publications

References 36 publications

The estimation of consumer health risk associated with organochlorine xenobiotics in hard smoked cheese in Poland

The estimation of consumer health risk associated with organochlorine xenobiotics in hard smoked cheese in Poland

Endocrine-Disrupting Organochlorine Pesticides in Human Breast Milk: Changes during Lactation

Persistent organic pollutants in residential soils of North India and assessment of human health hazard and risks

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