Distribution of conjugated linoleic acid in total and subcellular fractions from normal and cancerous parts of human testes

Hoffmann, Kristina; Blaudszun, Jörg; Brunken, C.; Tauber, R.; Höpker, Wilhelm-Wolfgang; Steinhart, Hans

doi:10.1002/mnfr.200500054

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 26 publications

(31 reference statements)

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“…So far, few studies have been published to explain whether conjugated linoleic acid isomers may modify the activity of lipoxygenases (15-LO and 5-LO) in cells. Results showed by Hoffmann indicate that CLAs change availability of substrates (mainly arachidonic acid) for the lipoxygenase pathways generating eicosanoids (39), partly by inhibition of the phospholipase A 2 activity (40). CLA may also change content of lipoxygenases in the cells.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Conjugated Linoleic Acids on the Activity and mRNA Expression of 5- and 15-Lipoxygenases in Human Macrophages

Stachowska

Dziedziejko

Safranow

et al. 2007

J. Agric. Food Chem.

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Lipoxygenases are a family of non-heme enzyme dioxygenases. The role of lipoxygenases is synthesis of hydroperoxides of fatty acids, which perform signaling functions in the body. Studies on conjugated linoleic acids (CLAs) as fatty acids with a potential anti-atherosclerotic function have recently been initiated. The aim of the study was to test the effect of CLAs and linoleic acid on 5- and 15-lipoxygenase (5-LO, 15-LO-1) enzyme activity, their mRNA expression, and concentration in the cells. It was also desired to determine whether the CLAs are substrates for the enzymes. For the experiments monocytic cell line (THP-1) and monocytes obtained from human venous blood were used. Monocytes were differentiated to macrophages: THP-1 (CD14+) by PMA administration (100 nM for 24 h) and monocytes from blood (CD14+) by 7-day cultivation with the autologous serum (10%). After differentiation, macrophages were cultured with 30 microM CLAs or linoleic acid for 48 h. The 15- and 5-lipoxygenase products were measured by HPLC method. mRNA expression and protein content were analyzed by real-time PCR and Western blot analysis. The in vitro studies proved that both CLA isomers are not substrates for 15-LO-1; in ex vivo studies hydroxydecadienoic acid (HODE) concentration was significantly reduced (p = 0.019). The trans-10,cis-12 CLA isomer reduced HODE concentration by 28% (p = 0.046) and the cis-9,trans-11 CLA isomer by 35% (p = 0.028). In macrophages obtained from THP-1 fatty acids did not change significantly mRNA expression of the majority of the investigated genes. CLAs did not change the content of 5-LO and 15-LO-1 proteins in macrophages obtained from peripheral blood. Linoleic acid induced 15-LO-1 expression (2.6 times, p < 0.05). CLAs may perform the function of an inhibitor of lipoxygenase 15-LO-1 activity in macrophages.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Conjugated Linoleic Acids on the Activity and mRNA Expression of 5- and 15-Lipoxygenases in Human Macrophages

Stachowska

Dziedziejko

Safranow

et al. 2007

J. Agric. Food Chem.

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“…The lover levels of C17:1, C18:0, C18:2 n-6, C20:4 n-6 were observed in serum and microsomes of DMBA-treated groups, whereas C18:2 n-6 and C18:3 n-3 showed the opposite tendency. Hoffmann et al also observed differences between fatty acids profile of healthy and cancerous tissues, especially the n-3 and n-6 fatty acids content [27,28]. …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This observation is in disagreement with the results of Hoffmann et al, who found CLA content to be significantly higher in total cancerous testicular tissue than in normal. Only in mitochondrial fraction of cancerous tissue CLA concentration tended to be lower than in normal tissue, whereas other subcellular fractions showed the opposite tendency [28]. …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of diet enriched with conjugated linoleic acids on their distribution in tissues of rats with DMBA induced tumors

et al. 2010

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BackroundConjugated linoleic acids (CLA) are a group of positional and geometric isomers of linoleic acid with proven beneficial influence on health. They show e.g. anticarcinogenic, antiobesity, and antiatherogenic effect. Milk, dairy products and meat of poligastric animals are their most valuable dietary sources, with cis-9, trans-11 CLA (RA - rumenic acid) being the predominant isomer. Dietary supplements with CLA became very popular, mainly among the overweight and bodybuilders.The aim of this study was to examine the influence of the food supplements with conjugated linoleic acid on carcinogenesis in female Sprague-Dawley rats and evaluation of CLA and other fatty acids distribution in their bodies.Animals were divided into four groups depending on the diet supplementation (oil or Bio-C.L.A. (Pharma Nord Denmark) given intragastrically) and presence or absence of carcinogenic agent (7,12-dimethylbenz[a]antharcene). Animals were decapitated at 21st week of experiment and serum and microsomes were extracted.Results and conclusionsThe mammary tumours (adenocarcinoma) occurred in groups treated with DMBA. Diet enriched with CLA decreased the cancer morbidity (67% in Bio-C.L.A. compared to 88% in oil) and delayed the cancer induction (p = 0.0018). There were no differences in body and organs weight.The supplement used in the study was a mixture of several fatty acids with the greatest proportion of CLA isomers: trans-10, cis-12 (33%) and cis-9, trans-11 (31%). Both of them were present in tissues but the content of rumenic acid was greater. Dietary supplementation had also significant impact on other fatty acids content, both in serum and in microsomes.

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“…Furthermore, other studies carried out in women with breast cancer, invasive breast carcinoma or benign breast disease failed to reveal any positive correlation between CLA and incidence of cancer [70,71]. Nevertheless, it has to be mentioned that analysis of subcellular fractions from normal and cancerous parts of human tests revealed that CLA content was significantly higher in testicular carcinoma, but low in the mitochondrial fraction of this tumor in comparison with normal tissue [72].…”

Section: Dairy Fas and Cancermentioning

confidence: 92%

Milk fat components with potential anticancer activity—a review

et al. 2017

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During many years, the milk fat has been unfairly undervalued due to its association with higher levels of cardiovascular diseases, dyslipidaemia or obesity, among others. However, currently, this relationship is being re-evaluated because some of the dairy lipid components have been attributed potential health benefits. Due to this, and based on the increasing incidence of cancer in our society, this review work aims to discuss the state of the art concerning scientific evidence of milk lipid components and reported anticancer properties. Results from the in vitro and in vivo experiments suggest that specific fatty acids (FA) (as butyric acid and conjugated linoleic acid (CLA), among others), phospholipids and sphingolipids from milk globule membrane are potential anticarcinogenic agents. However, their mechanism of action remains still unclear due to limited and inconsistent findings in human studies. Lipid metabolism, genetics and cancerCancer is the term to define a group of diseases characterized by uncontrolled growth and spread of cells affecting any part of the body. These 'out-of-control' cells also have the ability to invade surrounding lymph nodes, tissues or organs (metastatic cancer) as well as spread to distant sites in the body. This uncontrolled, oncogene-driven proliferation of cancer cells, lacking an efficient vascular system, quickly depletes the nutrient and oxygen supply from the normal vasculature and becomes hypoxic [1]. Due to this, one of the main hallmarks of cancer is a metabolic reprogramming consistent with the Warburg effect: increased glucose uptake and fermentation to lactate to promote growth, survival, proliferation and long-term maintenance [2]. Thus, normal cells use glycolysis to produce pyruvate that is transferred to the mitochondria to produce acetyl-CoA for further utilization in the tricarboxylic acid cycle (Figure 1), but cancer cells produce citrate that is converted in the cytoplasm into acetyl-CoA by the ATP citrate-lyase (ACL) [3].Moreover, cancer cells can also rely on acetate uptake from three different sources: foods (e.g. meat, cheese, pickles), intestinal microbiota (fibre fermentation, besides resulting in short-chain fatty acid (SCFA), propionate and butyrate) and liver (while fasting, acyl-CoA thioesterase 12 (ACOT12) is activated and hydrolyses acetyl--CoA) [4]. Thus, although membranes are passively permeable to acetic acid (pK a : 4.75), intestinal pH (5.5-7) favours anionic forms and therefore exists three active transport mechanisms involving: (i) monocarboxylate transporters (MCTs; coupling acetate plus SCFA uptake and excretion of bicarbonate), (ii) sodium--coupled MCTs (SMCTs; that primarily uptake butyrate) and finally (iii) proton-coupled MCTs (co-transport of SCFA and H + ) [4]. The latter form seems to be the main mechanism in colon and many other cancer types [5].

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Distribution of conjugated linoleic acid in total and subcellular fractions from normal and cancerous parts of human testes

Cited by 5 publications

References 26 publications

Effect of Conjugated Linoleic Acids on the Activity and mRNA Expression of 5- and 15-Lipoxygenases in Human Macrophages

Effect of Conjugated Linoleic Acids on the Activity and mRNA Expression of 5- and 15-Lipoxygenases in Human Macrophages

Influence of diet enriched with conjugated linoleic acids on their distribution in tissues of rats with DMBA induced tumors

Milk fat components with potential anticancer activity—a review

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