Distribution of cathode current density and breaking capacity of medium voltage vacuum interrupters with axial magnetic field

Shkol'nik, S.M.; Афанасьев, В. П.; Barinov, Yu. A.; Chaly, A.M.; Logatchev, A.A.; Malakhovsky, S.I.; Poluyanova, Irina N.; Zabello, K.K.

doi:10.1109/tps.2005.856531

Cited by 46 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…If the imposed AMF is overly strong, cathode spots will concentrate at the center of the cathode surface. 22) The current constriction near the cathode side has also been found in experiments by Toya et al, 23) Chaly et al, 24) and Shkol'nik et al 25) Wang et al 26) consider that with the increase in AMF, the area occupied by cathode spots decreases. They also come to this conclusion on the basis of simulation results.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 54%

Effect of vacuum arc cathode spot distribution on breaking capacity of the arc-extinguishing chamber

Ding

Yuan

2017

Jpn. J. Appl. Phys.

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A DC circuit breaker performs a key function in breaking an intermediate-frequency (IF) current since breaking a pure IF current is equivalent to breaking a very small DC with a reverse IF current. In this study, it is found that cathode spots show a ring-shaped distribution at 2000 Hz. An arc with an uneven distribution of cathode spots has been simulated. The simulation results show that the distribution of cathode spots significantly affect the microparameter distribution of arc plasma. The current distribution on the anode side differs from that on the cathode side under the total radial electric field. Specifically, the anode current distribution is both uneven and concentrated. The applied axial magnetic field, which cannot reduce the concentrated anode current distribution effectively, might increase the concentration of the anode current. Finally, the uneven distribution of cathode spots reduces the breaking capacity of the arc-extinguishing chamber.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 54%

Effect of vacuum arc cathode spot distribution on breaking capacity of the arc-extinguishing chamber

Ding

Yuan

2017

Jpn. J. Appl. Phys.

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“…As shown in table 1, the measured J 10 at 110 mT is generally twice of the average total current density. Therefore, the parameter A is determined with α as 2, as shown in equation (27).…”

Section: An Improved Cathode Boundarymentioning

confidence: 99%

Cathode-constriction and column-constriction in high current vacuum arcs subjected to an axial magnetic field

Zhang¹,

Ma²,

Liu³

et al. 2018

J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys.

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The influence of the applied axial magnetic field on the current density distribution in the arc column and electrodes is intensively studied. However, the previous results only provide a qualitative explanation, which cannot quantitatively explain a recent experimental data on anode current density. The objective of this paper is to quantitatively determine the current constriction subjected to an axial magnetic field in high-current vacuum arcs according to the recent experimental data. A magnetohydrodynamic model is adopted to describe the high current vacuum arcs. The vacuum arc is in a diffuse arc mode with an arc current ranged from 6 kA rms to 14 kA rms and an axial magnetic field ranged from 20 mT to 110 mT. By a comparison of the recent experimental work of current density distribution on the anode, the modelling results show that there are two types of current constriction. On one hand, the current on the cathode shows a constriction, and this constriction is termed as the cathodeconstriction. On the other hand, the current constricts in the arc column region, and this constriction is termed as the column-constriction. The cathode boundary is of vital importance in a quantitative model. An improved cathode constriction boundary is proposed. Under the improved boundary, the simulation results are in good agreement with the recent experimental data on the anode current density distribution. It is demonstrated that the current density distribution at the anode is sensitive to that at the cathode, so that measurements of the anode current density can be used, in combination with the vacuum arc model, to infer the cathode current density distribution.

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“…An external magnetic field exerts a considerable influence on vacuum circuit breakers (VCBs). Many researchers studied the vacuum arc under the influence of magnetic fields [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17]. An external transverse magnetic field (ETMF) may weaken the interruption capacity of VCBs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical investigation on the influence of circuit breaker structure parameters on vacuum arc behaviors

Zhao¹,

Gou²,

Yang³

et al. 2020

J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys.

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In a switchgear, an external transverse magnetic field (ETMF) is generated by the U type loop consisting of the vacuum interrupter, external busbar and conductive rod connected to the vacuum interrupter. The ETMF will make the vacuum arc deflected and strengthen the contraction of the arc. This can increase the probability of breaking failure. To weaken the adverse effect of the ETMF, the real magnetic field data of the arc area with different structure parameters when the length of conductive rod, external busbar and phase distance is changed are obtained by establishing simulation model in this paper. Taking the real magnetic field data as the boundary condition, this paper obtains the typical parameters of the vacuum arc plasma with different structure parameters by using the established three-dimensional high-current vacuum arc magnetohydrodynamics model. The simulation results show that the ETMF makes the transverse magnetic field (TMF) of the arc area asymmetric, which leads to an arc deflection. Reducing the length of the conductive rod connected to the vacuum interrupter to 50 mm can effectively improve the asymmetry of the TMF caused by the EMTF, weaken the arc deflection phenomenon, make the distribution of the plasma parameters more uniform, and increases the utilization of the anode contact surface. Moreover, it can not only reduce the heat flux density into the anode as a whole, but also reduce the heat flux density in the high heat flux density area, so as to effectively reduce the degree of anode activity and improve the negative effects caused by the anode activity. The changes of other external structural parameters have less influence on the improvement of the vacuum arc deflection phenomenon. Increasing the phase spacing to 275 mm or reducing the length of the external bus bar to 100 mm can only slightly weaken the arc deflection.

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Distribution of cathode current density and breaking capacity of medium voltage vacuum interrupters with axial magnetic field

Cited by 46 publications

References 19 publications

Effect of vacuum arc cathode spot distribution on breaking capacity of the arc-extinguishing chamber

Effect of vacuum arc cathode spot distribution on breaking capacity of the arc-extinguishing chamber

Cathode-constriction and column-constriction in high current vacuum arcs subjected to an axial magnetic field

Numerical investigation on the influence of circuit breaker structure parameters on vacuum arc behaviors

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