Distribution of brominated flame retardants and dechloranes between sediments and benthic fish — A comparison of a freshwater and marine habitat

Sühring, Roxana; Busch, Friederike; Fricke, Nicolai; Kötke, Danijela; Wolschke, Hendrik; Ebinghaus, Ralf

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.10.085

Cited by 59 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Our data confirm their presence in organisms. For Dec 602 and DP, comparable concentrations have been reported for dabs from the German Bight [61].…”

Section: Flame Retardantssupporting

confidence: 67%

“…TBP-DBPE is assumed to be bioaccumulative [8,65]. Concentrations are in the same range as those reported by Sühring et al [61] for dabs from the German Bight.…”

Section: Flame Retardantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…By contrast, levels were < LOQ in blue mussels from both North Sea sites and in eelpout from NS 2; concentrations in eelpout from NS 1 were quite low. TBA has been frequently detected in marine invertebrates, fish and mammals [46,[48][49][50]61].…”

Section: Flame Retardantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Chemicals of emerging concern in marine specimens of the German Environmental Specimen Bank

et al. 2020

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Background: Descriptor 8 of the Marine Strategy Framework Directive (MSFD) (Directive 2008/56/EC) addresses the good environmental status with regard to pollution of marine waters by chemical contaminants. Commission decision (EU) 2017/848 lays down the criteria and methodological standards on good environmental status of marine waters. Member States, in regional or subregional cooperation, shall establish lists of relevant contaminants beside those already covered by the Water Framework Directive (WFD). To provide information on emerging contaminants in marine biota, the German Environmental Specimen Bank (ESB) has compiled data of blue mussels and eelpouts from coastal sites in the North and Baltic Seas. Substances identified by the International Council for the Exploration of the Sea (ICES) as of emerging concern for the marine environment have been used as a starting point. Results and conclusions:The study presents data of 19 emerging flame retardants and degradation products, 40 per-and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) and three cyclic volatile methylsiloxanes (cVMS). Among the emerging flame retardants, only Dec 602 was detected in all samples of 2015. Dec 604, Cl 10 -antiDP, 1,5-DPMA, EH-TBB, PBEB, TBP-AE, BATE, BTBPE and HBBz were constantly < limit of quantification (LOQ). Time trends were barely detected. Legacy PBDE still dominates in most samples. PFAS concentrations were usually higher in samples from the North Sea sites compared to samples from the Baltic Sea. PFOS dominated in most samples. Increasing trends over time were detected for PFNA, PFDA and PFDoDA at the Baltic Sea site and for PFDA at one North Sea site. Concentrations of the cVMS D4, D5 and D6 were below the detection limit at the ESB sampling sites. Based on the results, it should be considered to include the emerging flame retardants DP and Dec 602 and the long-chain perfluoroalkyl substances PFNA, PFDA, PFUnDA and PFDoDA in a regular monitoring in the North and Baltic Seas.

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“…Our data confirm their presence in organisms. For Dec 602 and DP, comparable concentrations have been reported for dabs from the German Bight [61].…”

Section: Flame Retardantssupporting

confidence: 67%

“…TBP-DBPE is assumed to be bioaccumulative [8,65]. Concentrations are in the same range as those reported by Sühring et al [61] for dabs from the German Bight.…”

Section: Flame Retardantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Chemicals of emerging concern in marine specimens of the German Environmental Specimen Bank

et al. 2020

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“…However, since they are considered to be bonded within the coating, they are claimed to be less liable to enter the environment. Recent searches for the monomer pentabromobenzyl acrylate, as a possible degradation product of BrPBz in the environment have so far failed [ 37 ]. ICL Goup market flame retardant formulations based on BrPBz under their TexFRon TM title (e.g., TexFRon TM P) and claim that this was the first bromine-based flame retardant to be recognized by Oekotex ® .…”

Section: Organobromine Flame Retardants—environmental Challengesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Potential for Bio-Sustainable Organobromine-Containing Flame Retardant Formulations for Textile Applications—A Review

Horrocks

2020

Polymers

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This review considers the challenge of developing sustainable organobromine flame retardants (BrFRs) and alternative synergists to the predominantly used antimony III oxide. Current BrFR efficiencies are reviewed for textile coatings and back-coatings with a focus on furnishing and similar fabrics covering underlying flammable fillings, such as flexible polyurethane foam. The difficulty of replacing them with non-halogen-containing systems is also reviewed with major disadvantages including their extreme specificity with regard to a given textile type and poor durability.The possibility of replacing currently used BrFRs for textiles structures that mimic naturally occurring organobromine-containing species is discussed, noting that of the nearly 2000 such species identified in both marine and terrestrial environments, a significant number are functionalised polybrominated diphenyl ethers, which form part of a series of little understood biosynthetic biodegradation cycles.The continued use of antimony III oxide as synergist and possible replacement by alternatives, such as the commercially available zinc stannates and the recently identified zinc tungstate, are discussed. Both are effective as synergists and smoke suppressants, but unlike Sb203, they have efficiencies dependent on BrFR chemistry and polymer matrix or textile structure. Furthermore, their effectiveness in textile coatings has yet to be more fully assessed.In conclusion, it is proposed that the future of sustainable BrFRs should be based on naturally occurring polybrominated structures developed in conjunction with non-toxic, smoke-suppressing synergists such as the zinc stannates or zinc tungstate, which have been carefully tailored for given polymeric and textile substrates.

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“…Due to its high hydrophobicity, DP is mainly adsorbed to organic materials, and exhibits persistence in sediment (Sverko et al, 2011;Shen et al, 2010). From this perspective, the use of benthic species or benthivorous demersal species, such as the whitemouth croaker, might help to demonstrate bioaccumulation and biomagnification of DP through aquatic food webs (Carlsson et al, 2018;Na et al, 2017;Sühring et al, 2016). However, for DP isomers, aspects of stereoselective bioaccumulation potential and trophic transfer remain unclear.…”

Section: Linking Pollutant Exposure Of Whitemouth Croakers To Their Ementioning

confidence: 99%

Occurrence of legacy and emerging organic pollutants in whitemouth croakers from Southeastern Brazil

Pizzochero

Torre

Sanz

et al. 2019

Science of The Total Environment

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The whitemouth croaker (Micropogonias furnieri) is one of the most commercially important species along the Atlantic coast of South America. Moreover, some of its biological traits (long life span, inshore feeding, high trophic position) make this species a suitable sentinel of coastal pollution. Here, we investigated contamination by multiple legacy and emerging organic pollutants, such as brominated and chlorinated flame retardants, polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs) and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs), in whitemouth croakers from two estuaries (Guanabara and Sepetiba Bays) located in industrialized and urbanized areas in Rio de Janeiro State, Southeastern Brazil. Furthermore, we assessed how biological and ecological features could explain the observed contamination patterns. Regarding brominated flame retardants, concentrations of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) varied from 7.6 to 879.7 pg g −1 wet weight (w.w.), with high contribution of tetra-, penta-, hexa-and deca-BDEs. The sum of chlorinated flame retardants (dechlorane-related compounds, ΣDRC) ranged from bLOD to 41.1 pg g −1 w.w., mostly represented by Dechlorane 603 and Dechlorane Plus (DP). Concentrations of PCDDs and PCDFs varied from bLOD to 1.7 pg g −1 w.w., while the Toxic Equivalent

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Distribution of brominated flame retardants and dechloranes between sediments and benthic fish — A comparison of a freshwater and marine habitat

Cited by 59 publications

References 26 publications

Chemicals of emerging concern in marine specimens of the German Environmental Specimen Bank

Chemicals of emerging concern in marine specimens of the German Environmental Specimen Bank

The Potential for Bio-Sustainable Organobromine-Containing Flame Retardant Formulations for Textile Applications—A Review

Occurrence of legacy and emerging organic pollutants in whitemouth croakers from Southeastern Brazil

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