Distribution of Arboreal Arctic-Alpine Plants and Environments in NE Asia and Korea

Kong, Woo-Seok; Watts, David P.

doi:10.4157/grj1984b.72.122

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Microclimates may vary dramatically from regional climate due to distinctive water and substrate features that would be difficult to account for in coarsely gridded climate data, but may maintain viable populations over millennia. For example, talus slopes (which would not be distinguished on digital elevation data) may store ice throughout warm seasons, thereby creating pronounced local cooling that support cool‐adapted species (Kong & Watts, ; Edenborn et al ., ). Such sites may effectively buffer against regional climate change.…”

Section: Approaches For Reconstructing Refugia: Strengths Limitationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Climate refugia: joint inference from fossil records, species distribution models and phylogeography

et al. 2014

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Contents 38I.38II.Approaches for reconstructing refugia: strengths, limitations and recent advances39III.46IV.47V.48VI.4949References49 Summary Climate refugia, locations where taxa survive periods of regionally adverse climate, are thought to be critical for maintaining biodiversity through the glacial–interglacial climate changes of the Quaternary. A critical research need is to better integrate and reconcile the three major lines of evidence used to infer the existence of past refugia – fossil records, species distribution models and phylogeographic surveys – in order to characterize the complex spatiotemporal trajectories of species and populations in and out of refugia. Here we review the complementary strengths, limitations and new advances for these three approaches. We provide case studies to illustrate their combined application, and point the way towards new opportunities for synthesizing these disparate lines of evidence. Case studies with European beech, Qinghai spruce and Douglas‐fir illustrate how the combination of these three approaches successfully resolves complex species histories not attainable from any one approach. Promising new statistical techniques can capitalize on the strengths of each method and provide a robust quantitative reconstruction of species history. Studying past refugia can help identify contemporary refugia and clarify their conservation significance, in particular by elucidating the fine‐scale processes and the particular geographic locations that buffer species against rapidly changing climate.

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Section: Approaches For Reconstructing Refugia: Strengths Limitationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Climate refugia: joint inference from fossil records, species distribution models and phylogeography

et al. 2014

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“…In East Asia, relatively few studies have been conducted in the subtropics, coastal ecosystems, and wetland ecosystems. Although the Korean peninsula and Taiwan are biologically diverse and biogeographically important components of East Asia (Kong & Watts 1999;Choe et al 2016;Zhu 2016;Tojo et al 2017), very few studies on plantpollinator interactions have been conducted in these regions.…”

Section: Future Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plant-pollinator interactions in East Asia: a review

Funamoto

2019

J Poll Ecol

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Pollination studies in East Asia have been developing rapidly in recent decades. East Asia may provide important information on many aspects of plant-pollinator interactions because of the rich fauna and flora and highly heterogeneous environments that occur there. In this review, plant-pollinator interactions in East Asia were summarized. Bumblebees are important pollinators of many plant species in East Asia, as well as in Europe and North America. Native honeybees may also have important roles in pollination in East Asia. Bird pollination and hawkmoth pollination may be less common in East Asia than in North America. Geographic variation in pollination interactions is expected because several types of pollinators are rare or absent in some habitats or geographic regions. For example, specialized nectar-feeding vertebrates like sunbirds and pteropodid bats are absent from most of East Asia except for some areas in its southern part. Opportunistic nectar-feeding vertebrates may have important roles in pollination where specialized nectar-feeding vertebrates are absent. Human impacts on plant pollinator interactions are understudied in this region. However, climate change, habitat degradation, and invasive species may have negative impacts on plant-pollinator interactions and thus plant reproductive success there. The information available on the plant-pollinator interactions in East Asia is still limited because many plant and pollinator taxa and many types of habitats are understudied.

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“…and some genera in Saxifragaceae (Sun, ). Other cases of north–south migration reported include examples from Japan and the Korean Peninsula, where some species seem to have been derived from arctic lineages (Kong & Watts, ; Ikeda et al ., ; DeChaine et al ., ). A north–south migration pattern has also been suggested for Silene sect.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

From the north into the Himalayan–Hengduan Mountains: fossil‐calibrated phylogenetic and biogeographical inference in the arctic‐alpine genus Diapensia (Diapensiaceae)

Hou

Bjorå

Ikeda

et al. 2016

Journal of Biogeography

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Aim Many arctic species are believed to be descendants from ancestors that migrated northwards from high mountains during the formation of the modern arctic biome 2-3 million years ago (Ma). Here, we test whether this hypothesis is consistent with the biogeographical history of the arctic-alpine genus Diapensia, which shows a disjunction between the Arctic and the Himalayan-Hengduan Mountains (HHM).Location The Arctic/sub-Arctic and the HHM.Methods We used the plastid DNA (pDNA) sequences matK and rbcL and seven Ericales fossils to date the origin of Diapensia. Sequences of four pDNA markers and the nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer from 56 Diapenisa accessions were then used to reconstruct the phylogenetic relationships and time of divergence among Diapensia species.Results Diapensia consists of three major clades; two corresponding to the two arctic species, and one containing the two HHM species sampled. Both the pDNA tree and the species tree resolved the amphi-Beringian D. obovata as sister to a clade that included D. lapponica that has an amphi-Atlantic distribution and the HHM clade. The two arctic species were estimated to have originated in the Middle Miocene-Early Pliocene (D. obovata: 8.3 Ma, 95% highest posterior probability density (HPD) 4.0-13.5 Ma; D. lapponica: 7.1 Ma, 95% HPD 4.1-10.0 Ma), long before the formation of the modern arctic biome. In contrast, species divergence in the HHM clade was found to be very recent (0.5 Ma, 95% HPD 0.2-0.9 Ma; Early-Middle Pleistocene). Main conclusionsOur results reject an HHM origin of the arctic Diapensia and rather suggest that the ancestor of the D. lapponica/HHM clade migrated southwards into the HHM. This study adds to a growing body of evidence suggesting that arctic plant lineages have diverse origins in time and space.

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Distribution of Arboreal Arctic-Alpine Plants and Environments in NE Asia and Korea

Cited by 6 publications

References 19 publications

Climate refugia: joint inference from fossil records, species distribution models and phylogeography

Climate refugia: joint inference from fossil records, species distribution models and phylogeography

Plant-pollinator interactions in East Asia: a review

From the north into the Himalayan–Hengduan Mountains: fossil‐calibrated phylogenetic and biogeographical inference in the arctic‐alpine genus Diapensia (Diapensiaceae)

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