Distribution of Acute Leukaemia in Time and Space. Studies in New Zealand

Wharton, B A; Howells, Gwyn; Phillips, Ian

doi:10.1136/bmj.4.5631.604

Cited by 25 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…For childhood leukaemia at time of diagnosis, a pooled analysis of 16 individual samples from 15 original studies [ 21 , 24 , 25 , 27 , 38 , 42 , 44 , 46 , 47 , 49 , 50 , 53 , 54 , 56 , 84 ] showed marginally significant space–time clustering ( p = 0.054) with an overall excess of close pairs of S = 1.1% (Table 2 , Fig. 2 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For leukaemia at age 0–5 years, strong evidence of clustering for time of diagnosis was found based on a pooled analysis of 11 studies [ 6 , 7 , 21 , 27 , 38 , 42 , 46 , 47 , 49 , 52 , 56 ]. All but one study found more close pairs than expected, producing an overall excess of close pairs of 5.2% ( p < 0.001, Table 2 , Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Space–time clustering of childhood cancers: a systematic review and pooled analysis

et al. 2018

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The aetiology of childhood cancers remains largely unknown. Space–time clustering of cases might imply an aetiological role of infections. We aimed to review the evidence of space–time clustering of specific childhood cancers. We searched Medline and Embase for population-based studies that covered a pre-defined study area, included cases under 20 years of age and were published before July 2016. We extracted all space–time clustering tests and calculated the proportion of positive tests per diagnostic group. In a pooled analysis, we performed a Knox test of the number of pairs of cases close to each other in time and space pooled across studies. 70 studies met our eligibility criteria, 32 of which reported Knox tests. For leukaemia, the proportion of positive tests was higher than expected by chance at both time of diagnosis (26%) and birth (11%). The pooled analysis showed strong evidence of clustering at diagnosis for children aged 0–5 years for a spatial and temporal lag of 5 km and 6 months, respectively (p < 0.001). The evidence was mixed for lymphoma and tumours of the central nervous system. The current study suggests that leukaemia cases cluster in space–time due to an aetiological factor affecting children under 5 years of age. The observed pattern of clustering of young children close to time of diagnosis is compatible with Greaves’ delayed-infections-hypothesis.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1007/s10654-018-0456-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Space–time clustering of childhood cancers: a systematic review and pooled analysis

et al. 2018

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Contacts among patients with hematological malignancies

Gunz

Leigh

1978

Cancer

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A survey was carried out in 2 country areas of New South Wales with the aim of defining contacts among patients with lymphoma, leukemia and myeloma, and of determining whether these were more numerous than among matched controls from the same localities. Cases were identified from records of the N.S.W. Central Cancer Registry and of local doctors and hospitals. 184 cases were found, corresponding to the expected number, and 145 patients, as well as the same number of controls, were interviewed. Of the 290 patients and controls surveyed 111 (38.3%) had had one or more contacts with other patients or controls (37.9% of patients and 38.6% of controls). There were 24 case-case pairs involving contacts among 33 individual patients, 23 control-control pairs involving 36 individuals, and 38 case-control pairs involving 66 individuals. A statistical analysis using a weighting system showed that numbers, closeness and duration of contacts among patients and patients did not differ significantly from those expected. These results thus provide no evidence in favor of the hypothesis that the diseases were transmitted from patient to patient in the survey areas.

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Leukemia incidence by occupation in the portland‐vancouver metropolitan area

Morton

Marjanovic

1984

American J Industrial Med

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During a 15-year period in an urban area with over a million inhabitants, we identified 1,678 cases of leukemia among residents aged 16 or older. Case finding was done according to the methods of the National Cancer Institute (NCI) SEER program. Usual occupation was coded by a system based on the U.S. Census Bureau classification. According to age-standardized incidence rates for persons aged 16-67, significant excess leukemia risks were found for 14 male and 8 female occupation categories, with the larger number of male excess risk situations due to nonlymphatic leukemia. Lymphatic leukemia risks were significantly elevated among dentists, school teachers of both sexes, auto mechanics, gas station attendants, female assembly workers, and female laundry and dry cleaning workers. Nonlymphatic leukemia risks were significantly elevated among machinists, other metal tradesmen, heavy equipment operators, textile operatives, meat cutters, cannery workers, construction laborers, freight and stock handlers, policemen, and firemen. Risks of both types of leukemia were significantly elevated among registered and practical nurses and lumber mill workers. This study has not identified specific etiologic agents and exposures, but applied investigations aimed at disease control by prevention of cases are now possible in this community. Nationwide surveillance and control are recommended.

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Distribution of Acute Leukaemia in Time and Space. Studies in New Zealand

Cited by 25 publications

References 15 publications

Space–time clustering of childhood cancers: a systematic review and pooled analysis

Space–time clustering of childhood cancers: a systematic review and pooled analysis

Contacts among patients with hematological malignancies

Leukemia incidence by occupation in the portland‐vancouver metropolitan area

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