Distribution modelling and climate change risk assessment strategy for rare Himalayan Galliformes species using archetypal data abundant cohorts for adaptation planning

Bagaria, Priyamvada; Thapa, Avantika; Sharma, Lalit Kumar; Joshi, Bheem Dutt; Singh, Hemant; Sharma, Chandra Maya; Sarma, J. R. K.; Thakur, Mukesh; Chandra, Kailash

doi:10.1016/j.crm.2020.100264

Cited by 13 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…In this study, although our field protocol for camera trap layout was not solely to capture data on ground-dwelling Galliformes, the information provided is important given that no systematic study has reported before on the spatial-temporal niche partitioning of the two pheasant species. For the spatial distribution, the small data set of occurrence points, especially for BP due to their low occurrence in the field [47], did not allow our study to analyze variations in seasonal distribution. Therefore, we concede that there might be some inter-seasonal noise that influences spatial niche patterns.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Qilian Mountains National Nature Reserve (hereafter, the QMNNR) in northern China, known as a center for endemic species and a crucial area for ecological and biodiversity conservation [22,44], harbors 10 species of Galliformes [45]. The Blue Eared Pheasant (Crossoptilon auritum, hereafter EP) is endemic to China and tends to occur at higher elevations ranging from 2700 m to 3500 m. Blood Pheasant (Ithaginis cruentus, hereafter BP) has a broader distribution beyond China and prefers lower elevations from 1700 m to 3200 m [45]; meanwhile, their distributions are shrinking [46] and their occurrence in the field is rare [47]. These two species are similarly distributed in most ranges of montane forests in the QMNNR [17], and their coexistence may be facilitated by partitioning resources across food [17,48] and foraging strategy [6], time [49], or space [18,27,50].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Camera Trapping Reveals Spatiotemporal Partitioning Patterns and Conservation Implications for Two Sympatric Pheasant Species in the Qilian Mountains, Northwestern China

Zhang

Chen

et al. 2022

Animals

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Studying the spatio-temporal niche partitioning among closely related sympatric species is essential for understanding their stable coexistence in animal communities. However, consideration of niche partitioning across multiple ecological dimensions is still poor for many sympatric pheasant species. Here, we studied temporal activity patterns and spatial distributions of the Blue Eared Pheasant (EP, Crossoptilon auritum) and Blood Pheasant (BP, Ithaginis cruentus) in the Qilian Mountains National Nature Reserve (QMNNR), Northwestern China, using 137 camera traps from August 2017 to August 2020. Kernel density estimation was applied to analyze diel activity patterns, and the Maxent model was applied to evaluate their suitable distributions and underlying habitat preferences. Eight Galliformes species were captured in 678 detection records with 485 records of EP and 106 records of BP over a total of 39,206 camera days. Their monthly activity frequencies demonstrate temporal partitioning but their diel activity patterns do not. Furthermore, 90.78% of BP distribution (2867.99 km2) overlaps with the distribution of EP (4355.86 km2) in the QMNNR. However, BP manifests a high dependence on forest habitats and shows larger Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) values, while EP showed obvious avoidance of forest with NDVI greater than 0.75. Hence, differentiation in monthly activity patterns and partitioning in habitat preference might facilitate their coexistence in spatiotemporal dimensions. Conservation actions should give priority to highly overlapping areas in the center and east of the QMNNR and should strengthen forest landscape connectivity, as they provide irreplaceable habitats for these threatened and endemic Galliformes.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Camera Trapping Reveals Spatiotemporal Partitioning Patterns and Conservation Implications for Two Sympatric Pheasant Species in the Qilian Mountains, Northwestern China

Zhang

Chen

et al. 2022

Animals

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“…These species inhabit the same macro habitat but utilize different microhabitat and altitudinal ranges. Their distribution has been reported in the northwest part of the western and eastern Himalayas, the lesser Himalayas and their foothills [10]. Himalayan Monal is known to occur in Pakistan, India, Bhutan, and Assam [14,15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Galliformes are a group of terrestrial birds, widely distributed in a variety of habitats including deserts, cultivated lands, forests, and alpine meadows [10]. The Himalayas have the highest diversity of Galliformes (n=34), out of which 29 species are range-restricted to the Himalayas and 25% of these species being threatened [11,12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Habitat suitability modeling of Himalayan Monal and Koklass Pheasant in Western Himalayas and Hindukush, Pakistan

Nadeem

Jameel

Kabir

et al. 2022

Preprint

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The Himalayan pheasants are under the greatest threat due to habitat degradation, and loss. Quantifying geographical range and suitable habitat of a species can help in better management and conservation decisions. Himalayan Monal (Lophophorus impejanus) and Koklass (Pucrasia macrolopha) are endemic to the Himalayas and Hindukush mountains. This study aims to investigate habitat suitability of these pheasants in the western Himalayas and Hindukush. MaxEnt and Cringing models were used to document habitat suitability and to identify valleys with most suitable habitat. MaxEnt model displayed excellent predictive performance showing a strong prediction of the probability distribution and habitat. The area under cover (AUC) values quantified for the replicate runs were 0.994 (±0.001) and 0.991 (±0.005) for Himalayan Monal and Koklass pheasant respectively. The climatic parameters including temperature, precipitation of the warmest quarter (bio_18) contributed the maximum 21.3% and 23.5%, followed by annual precipitation (bio_12) 12.3% and 8.9% for habitat prediction of Monal and Koklass. The topographical variables, altitude, slope, and distance to settlements contributed 15.2%, 2.6%, and 16% in the Monal habitat prediction model while 8.4%, 10.5%, and 15.8% for the Koklass habitat prediction model respectively. We quantified highly suitable (844.4 sq. km), moderately suitable (2819.42 sq. km), and less suitable (3933.09 sq. km) habitat for Monal pheasant. Whereas, highly suitable habitat for Koklass pheasant was (611.5 sq. km), followed by moderately suitable (2551.3 sq. km), and less suitable (4494.11 sq. km). Bar Palas region of Koli Palas district, Jalkot and Kandia valley of district upper Kohistan and Kayal valley of district lower Kohistan were identified as core zones or hot spots for these pheasant species. Areas identified as core zone/hotspot and suitable habitat for the pheasant species should be legally protected for the conservation of pheasants.

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“…Galliformes is also one of the most endangered avian orders of global conservation concern, with more than one‐quarter of extant species listed as ‘threatened’ (IUCN, 2020; McGowan et al, 2012). Their diversity indexes and spatial patterns are thus especially susceptible to being restructured under changing climatic conditions (Bagaria et al, 2021). Furthermore, Galliformes can provide an indicator for the effectiveness of wildlife conservation in general (McGowan et al, 2009), with potential to serve as an umbrella for the concomitant conservation of their entire ecosystem (Pilliod et al, 2020; Poiani et al, 2001; Suter et al, 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Climate change affects Galliformes taxonomic, phylogenetic and functional diversity indexes, shifting conservation priority areas in China

Wang

et al. 2022

Diversity and Distributions

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Aim: Comprehensive biodiversity protection necessitates the consideration of multiple indexes of diversity, and how the distribution patterns of priority areas may shift under climate change. Galliformes is a globally endangered avian order vulnerable to climate change that provide an important indicator for wildlife conservation effectiveness. Here, we identified priority areas for conserving Galliformes taxonomic, phylogenetic, and functional diversity in China and their spatial dynamics subject to climate change, and examined how well existing protected areas align with current and future priority areas. Location: China. Methods: We applied species distribution modelling and Zonation algorithms to identify conservation priority area dynamics for 47 galliform species across three biodiversity indexes subject to three future climate change scenarios to 2050s and 2070s.We overlaid these identified priority areas onto existing national nature reserves and national parks to assess and project their effectiveness.Results: Current priority areas proved spatially incongruent between indexes, with an optimal area overlap comprising just 10.3% of China's land area, lying largely outside of existing protected areas. Furthermore, over 80% of modelled optimal priority areas currently lacked formal conservation status. Future priority areas will shift substantially under climate change, to an extent dependent on greenhouse gas emission scenarios. Nevertheless, we identified five large regions where optimal Galliformes diversity indexes should remain stable under all scenarios, thus providing potential climatic refugia, if protected from human encroachment. Main Conclusions:The current deficits we identified for Galliformes protection in China resonate with a broader need for hierarchical conservation strategic planning across regions and ecosystems to ensure long-term biodiversity protection, accommodating for climate change.

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Distribution modelling and climate change risk assessment strategy for rare Himalayan Galliformes species using archetypal data abundant cohorts for adaptation planning

Cited by 13 publications

References 47 publications

Camera Trapping Reveals Spatiotemporal Partitioning Patterns and Conservation Implications for Two Sympatric Pheasant Species in the Qilian Mountains, Northwestern China

Camera Trapping Reveals Spatiotemporal Partitioning Patterns and Conservation Implications for Two Sympatric Pheasant Species in the Qilian Mountains, Northwestern China

Habitat suitability modeling of Himalayan Monal and Koklass Pheasant in Western Himalayas and Hindukush, Pakistan

Climate change affects Galliformes taxonomic, phylogenetic and functional diversity indexes, shifting conservation priority areas in China

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