Distribution in Brain of Lipid‐bound Sialic Acid and Factors Affecting Its Concentration

James, Frances; Fotherby, K.

doi:10.1111/j.1471-4159.1963.tb05056.x

Cited by 43 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…The exact composition of the central nervous system AMP is not clear but neuraminic acid appears to be an important constituent (11). The function of neuraminic acid is not known but it has been implicated in the binding of bio genic amines (8).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structural Basis of Lithium Psychopharmacology

Wagner¹,

Cooper²,

Kline³

1970

Int Pharmacopsychiatry

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structural Basis of Lithium Psychopharmacology

Wagner¹,

Cooper²,

Kline³

1970

Int Pharmacopsychiatry

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“…;Meratand Dickerson, 1973]. These suggest that the accumulation of gangliosides and the increased complexity of their sialyl residues may be associated with discrete periods of brain development [Vanier et al, 1971], With the exception of human brain, very few reports are available on the developmental pattern of brain gangliosides during intrauterine life [James and Fotherby, 1963;Tettamanti, 1971]. A most striking ob servation generated from these studies is that within a relatively short period, which parallels the late prenatal life and largely corresponds to the neuronal growth spurt [Altman, 1969;Davison and Dobbittg, 1968], the gangliosides reach at birth a value of about 25-30'',, of the adult level [Suzuki, 1965;Tettamanti, 1971], Therefore, detailed analysis of ganglioside content and distribution at a time when synaptogenesis does not prevail may provide va luable information as to the possible role of gangliosides in early presynaptic events of neuronal differentiation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ganglioside Profiles during Neural Tissue Development

Yavin

1979

Dev Neurosci

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The accumulation and species distribution of gangliosides in cultured cerebral cells and in the late prenatal stage of the developing rat brain were examined as a function of their growth state. The concentration of lipid-bound sialic acid in cerebral cells rises from a value of about 5 nmol/mg protein at day 1 to a peak level of 16.2 nmol/mg protein by 12 days, followed by a substantial decrease after 25 days in culture. When expressed per cell DNA, a linear increase of about 10-fold, notably after 10 days in culture, in the amount of sialic acid is seen. The most significant change in the species distribution is an apparent accumulation of disialo ganglioside (G_D1a) trisialo ganglioside (G_T) and tetrasialo ganglioside (G_Q), whereas a marked reduction of G_D3 is evident. The accumulation of sialic acid and the developmental patterns of the ganglioside species in vitro reasonably agree with the developing prenatal brain. Thus, by birth, both G_T and G_Q account for about 36% of the total brain gangliosides as compared to 40% in the mature cerebral cultures. Since in the newborn rat brain synaptogenesis is not prominent the increase in the ganglioside complexity could be associated with neuritic sprouting and establishment of nonsynaptic interneuronal connections. Rabbit antiserum raised against pure G_D1a reacted preferentially with the neuronal cell bodies and neurite extensions as observed by an indirect immunofluorescence technique. A progressive increase in immunofluorescence labeling paralleled accumulation of polysialo-gangliosides and culture maturation. In this context, the dissociated cerebral cells provide a powerful tool for investigating aspects of neuronal development because of the possibility of correlating neurochemical data with ultrastructure and cell-surface-related events.

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“…The structure of one of the major gangliosides is illustrated in FIGURE I.? Several studies have described the regional distribution of gangliosides in brain tissue (James & Fotherby, 1963;Howard & Burton, 1964;and Lowden & Wolfe, 1964. In the experiments of Howard and Burton (1964a) each tissue section was analyzed for both gangliosides and bound acetylcholine.$ It may be seen that in general those tissues containing high levels of ganglioside also contain high levels of bound acetylcholine (TABLE 1 ). Primarily this reflects a gray matter versus a white matter distribution.…”

Section: Results a N D Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%