Distribution extension for Hydrodynastes melanogigas Franco, Fernandes &amp;amp; Bentim, 2007 (Serpentes: Dipsadidae: Xenodontinae) in the Araguaia-Tocantins basin, Brazilian Cerrado

Santos-Jr, Alfredo P.; ADAMS, Guilherme Bard; Bühler, Daniel; Ribeiro, Síria; Carvalho, Thiago Saads

doi:10.15560/13.3.2135

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“…Hydrodynastes Fitzinger, 1843 is a genus of large semiaquatic snakes, which currently contains three species: Hydrodynastes bicinctus (Hermann, 1804) distributed in Colombia, Venezuela, French Guiana, Guyana, Suriname and Brazil ( Murta-Fonseca, Franco & Fernandes, 2015 ); Hydrodynastes gigas ( Duméril, Bibron & Duméril, 1854 ) distributed in French Guiana, Bolivia, Paraguay, Argentina and Brazil ( Giraudo & Scrocchi, 2002 ; Pereira-Filho & Montingelli, 2006 ; Wallach, Williams & Boundy, 2014 ; Nogueira et al, 2019 ); and Hydrodynastes melanogigas ( Franco, Fernandes & Bentim, 2007 ) recorded only in the Tocantins-Araguaia Basin in the states of Tocantins, Mato Grosso and Maranhão, Brazil ( Silva Jr et al, 2012 ; Santos Jr et al, 2017 ). Hydrodynastes gigas ( Duméril, Bibron & Duméril, 1854 ) has a wide distribution throughout Brazil, and has been recorded in the states of Amapá, Amazonas, Pará, Rondônia, Roraima, Tocantins, Maranhão, Piauí, Rio Grande do Norte, Mato Grosso, Mato Grosso do Sul, Minas Gerais, São Paulo, Paraná, Rio Grande do Sul ( Nogueira et al, 2019 ).…”

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confidence: 99%

A morphological and molecular study ofHydrodynastes gigas(Serpentes, Dipsadidae), a widespread species from South America

Carvalho

Zaher

Silva

et al. 2020

PeerJ

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Background Studies with integrative approaches (based on different lines of evidence) are fundamental for understanding the diversity of organisms. Different data sources can improve the understanding of the taxonomy and evolution of snakes. We used this integrative approach to verify the taxonomic status of Hydrodynastes gigas (Duméril, Bibron & Duméril, 1854), given its wide distribution throughout South America, including the validity of the recently described Hydrodynastes melanogigas Franco, Fernandes & Bentim, 2007. Methods We performed a phylogenetic analysis of Bayesian Inference with mtDNA 16S and Cytb, and nuDNA Cmos and NT3 concatenated (1,902 bp). In addition, we performed traditional morphometric analyses, meristic, hemipenis morphology and coloration pattern of H. gigas and H. melanogigas. Results According to molecular and morphological characters, H. gigas is widely distributed throughout South America. We found no evidence to support that H. gigas and H. melanogigas species are distinct lineages, therefore, H. melanogigas is a junior synonym of H. gigas. Thus, the melanic pattern of H. melanogigas is the result of a polymorphism of H. gigas. Melanic populations of H. gigas can be found in the Tocantins-Araguaia basin.

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