Distribution, biology and host specificity of <i>Cyrtobagous singularis</i> Hustache (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) for the biological control of <i>Salvinia molesta</i>

Forno, I. W.; Sands, D. P. A.; Sexton, W. A.

doi:10.1017/s0007485300013821

Cited by 67 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Significant difference in weevil mortality was observed between 2.3% and 6.9% (Table 5) deltamethrin deposition and did not show significant mortality at less than 2% deposition as determined from the aluminium foils (Kurugundla & Serumola, 2007;Kurugundla et al, 2010). The fluctuations in the abundance of weevils in the field Salvinia infestations at the sites of Xakanaxa ( Figure 2) and Kwando ( Figure 3) after praying was due to the spatial distribution of weevils and to less breeding during winter (Forno et al, 1983;Naidu et al, 2000) despite some spray effects. In all five cycles the abundance of weevils in 20 standard plants was higher than one (Forno, 1987) showing that weevils maintained their equilibrium at Shummamori, Hamokata, Lebala and Selinda (Figure 3) during the spray programme.…”

Section: Aquatic Plants (Salvinia Molesta) and Biological Control Weementioning

confidence: 87%

“…On cold nights the weevils normally hide in buds, roots and beneath the leaves. They deposit their eggs in buds and underneath leaves, and emerging larvae normally feed inside the rhizome (Forno et al 1983). Therefore adults and larvae would often be protected from contact with the insecticide (Schlettwein & Giliomee, 1990 Kurugundla et al, 2010).…”

Section: Aquatic Plants (Salvinia Molesta) and Biological Control Weementioning

confidence: 99%

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Management of Tsetse Fly Using Insecticides in Northern Botswana

Kurugundla¹,

Kgori²,

Moleele³

2012

Insecticides - Pest Engineering

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Section: Aquatic Plants (Salvinia Molesta) and Biological Control Weementioning

confidence: 87%

Section: Aquatic Plants (Salvinia Molesta) and Biological Control Weementioning

confidence: 99%

Management of Tsetse Fly Using Insecticides in Northern Botswana

Kurugundla¹,

Kgori²,

Moleele³

2012

Insecticides - Pest Engineering

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“…Comparative studies determined that this was a new species, subsequently named Cyrtobagous salviniae by Calder and Sands [88]. Host range studies to assess feeding by C. salviniae were carried out in Australia on six plant species [89]. Several other insect species, various fungi, and a snail have been reported attacking salvinia in its exotic range and none has been reported to be effective on the weed [90].…”

Section: Biological Control Agentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Larvae browse the young buds, the "roots" and tunnel the rhizome. Increased nitrogen stimulates an increase in oviposition [92] and feeding increases with increased temperature [89]. The combined effect of feeding by adults and larvae prevents growth by destroying meristematic tissues and destroying rhizomes, severing the root-shoot link.…”

Section: Biological Control Agentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alien Invasive Aquatic Plant Species in Botswana: Historical Perspective and Management

Kurugundla¹,

Mathangwane²,

Sakuringwa³

et al. 2016

TOPSJ

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Aquatic ecosystems in Botswana have been under threat by the aquatic alien invasive plant species viz., salvinia Salvinia molesta Mitchell, water lettuce Pistia stratiotes L., and water hyacinth Eichhornia crassipes (Mart.) Solms-Laub. While salvinia has been termed the major threat to the Botswana wetlands, water lettuce and water hyacinth are considered to be of minor importance. This review presents the species biology, distribution, historical spread, negative impacts, control achieved right from their discovery in the country by referring to their control and management in the world.Having infested the Kwando-Linyanti-Chobe Rivers in the 1970s, salvinia was initially tried by the use of herbicides, paraquat and glyphosate, between 1972 and 1976. With the discovery of the host specific biological control weevil Cyrtobagous salviniae Calder and Sands in 1981, the weevil was introduced by Namibians on Kwando and Chobe Rivers in 1983 and by Botswana in 1986 in the Okavango Delta. While the control was slowly establishing in Kwando-Linyanti-Chobe Rivers, it became apparent that lakes and perennial swamps within and outside Moremi Game Reserve of the Okavango Delta were infested with salvinia from 1992 onwards.With continuous and sustained liberation of the weevil in the Kwando-Linyanti-Chobe Rivers and in the Okavango Delta between 1999 and 2000, salvinia control was achieved by 2003, and since then the weevil constantly keeps the weed at low levels. The success is mainly due to sustainable monitoring through the application of physical and biological control methods. However, salvinia is still threatening the Okavango Delta due to factors such as tourism activities, boat navigation fishing and transporttion by wild animals.The first occurrence of water lettuce was recorded on Kwando and Chobe Rivers in 1986. Its biocontrol weevil Neohydronomous affinis Hustache was released in the year 1987. The weevil became extinct in Selinda Canal and Zibadianja Lake on Kwando River due to dry and wet events for over 10 years and the weed had been under control biologically on Chobe River. Having surface covered the Selinda and a part of the Zibadianja in high flood and rainfall in 1999/2000 season, research was undertaken to contain water lettuce, which led to its eradication by 2005. Regular physical removal of the water lettuce prior to fruit maturity is an effective method of control or eradicating the weed in seasonal water bodies.The Limpopo Basin (shared by Botswana, South Africa, Zimbabwe and Mozambique) has become vulnerable to water hyacinth infestation. Water hyacinth infested the trans-boundary Limpopo River in 2010 sourced from Hartbeesport Dam on Crocodile River in South Africa. Botswana and South Africa have been consulting each other to implement integrated control of the weed jointly in the Limpopo River. Water hyacinth could be a continuous threat to the dams and the rivers in the Limpopo basin if its control is not taken seriously.These three species are found growing in Botswana in a range of pH...

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“…In South America, Forno et al (1983) observed C. salviniae (at that time thought to be C. singularis) attacking Salvinia spp. and not feeding on plants that grow in association with it (waterfern (Azolla spp.…”

Section: Host-specificitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential Use of Native and Naturalized Insect Herbivores and Fungal Pathogens of Aquatic and Wetland Plants

Freedman¹,

Grodowitz²,

Swindle³

et al. 2007

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Abstract:Research is being conducted by U.S. Army Engineer Research and Development Center (ERDC) scientists to identify naturalized and/or native herbivores of aquatic plants in an effort to develop alternative management strategies through an understanding of the agents' biology and ecology. Some of the native species showing promise as biocontrol agents include Altica spp. for water primrose, Donacia spp. for American lotus, and Euhrychiopsis lecontei for Eurasian watermilfoil control. Naturalized species with possibility include Cyrtobagus salviniae for common and giant salvinia, and Parapoynx diminutalis for hydrilla. Information is presented herein for selected native and naturalized agents that may potentially be used to impact and manage all types of aquatic and wetland plant species including introduced, naturalized, and native species. Native and naturalized insect herbivores and fungal pathogens discussed include:

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Distribution, biology and host specificity of Cyrtobagous singularis Hustache (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) for the biological control of Salvinia molesta

Abstract: Cyrtobagous singularisHust. was recorded from Brazil, Paraguay,

Cited by 67 publications

References 6 publications

Management of Tsetse Fly Using Insecticides in Northern Botswana

Management of Tsetse Fly Using Insecticides in Northern Botswana

Alien Invasive Aquatic Plant Species in Botswana: Historical Perspective and Management

Potential Use of Native and Naturalized Insect Herbivores and Fungal Pathogens of Aquatic and Wetland Plants

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