Distribution, Assessment, and Source of Heavy Metals in Sediments of the Qinjiang River, China

Zhang, Shuncun; Chen, Bin; Du, Junru; Wang, Tao; Shi, Haixin; Wang, Rui

doi:10.3390/ijerph19159140

Cited by 22 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…The results indicated almost all the sampling stations were of a fine (silt clay) and sand type. These findings signify that sediment grains with fine sizes (silt clay) probably influence heavy metal accumulations in the sediments [83].…”

Section: Characterization Of Sediment Texturementioning

confidence: 66%

“…Owen, [82], reported that fine-grained sediment like silt clay is responsible for a significant proportion of the annual transport of metals. Various sources in the literature revealed that silt clay (fine-particle) has a high uptake of heavy metals due to the fact it has a large surface area [83,84]. A similar study performed by Vaithiyanathan et al [85] reported that metal absorption rates are various at different grain sizes.…”

Section: Characterization Of Sediment Texturementioning

confidence: 95%

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Land-Use–Land Cover Changes in the Urban River’s Buffer Zone and Variability of Discharge, Water, and Sediment Quality—A Case of Urban Catchment of the Ngerengere River in Tanzania

Mbonaga,

Hamad,

Mkoma

2024

Hydrology

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The physical integrity of the Ngerengere River and its three tributaries drains within Morogoro Municipality were evaluated by assessing the variations in land-use–land cover (LULC) in the river’s buffer zone, the discharge, and the contamination of river water and sediment from nutrients and heavy metals. Integrated geospatial techniques were used to classify the LULC in the river’s buffer zone. In contrast, the velocity area method and monitoring data from the Wami-Ruvu Basin were used for the discharge measurements. Furthermore, atomic absorption spectrophotometry was used during the laboratory analysis to determine the level of nutrients and heavy metals in the water and river sediment across the 13 sampling locations. The LULC assessment in the river’s buffer during the sampling year of 2023 showed that bare land and built-up areas dominate the river’s buffer, with a coverage of 28% and 38% of the area distribution. The higher discharge across the sampling stations was in the upstream reaches at 3.73 m3/s and 2.36 m3/s at the confluences. The highest concentrations of heavy metals in the water for the dry and wet seasons were 0.09 ± 0.01, 0.25 ± 0.01, 0.03 ± 0.02, 0.73 ± 0.04, 4.07 ± 0.08, and 3.07 ± 0.04 mg/L, respectively, for Pb, Cr, Cd, Cu, Zn, and Ni. The order of magnitude of the heavy metal concentration in the sediments was Zn > Ni > Cr > Cu > Cd > Pb, while the highest NO2−, NO3−, NH3, and PO43− in the water and sediment were 2.05 ± 0.01, 0.394 ± 0.527 0.66 ± 0.05, and 0.63 ± 0.01 mg/L, and 2.64 ± 0.03, 0.63 ± 0.01, 2.36 ± 0.01, and 48.16 ± 0.01 mg/kg, respectively, across all sampling seasons. This study highlights the significant impact of urbanization on river integrity, revealing elevated levels of heavy metal contamination in both water and sediment, the variability of discharge, and alterations in the LULC in the rivers’ buffer. This study recommends the continuous monitoring of the river water quality and quantity of the urban rivers, and the overall land-use plans for conserving river ecosystems.

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Section: Characterization Of Sediment Texturementioning

confidence: 66%

Section: Characterization Of Sediment Texturementioning

confidence: 95%

Land-Use–Land Cover Changes in the Urban River’s Buffer Zone and Variability of Discharge, Water, and Sediment Quality—A Case of Urban Catchment of the Ngerengere River in Tanzania

Mbonaga,

Hamad,

Mkoma

2024

Hydrology

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“…The geological accumulation index ( I geo ), commonly referred to as the Muller index [ 35 ], is a parameter that distinguishes the impact of anthropogenic activities and is calculated by the following Equation (2):

where C i is the measured content of heavy metal i ; k is the correction index ( k = 1.5); B i is the soil background value of heavy metal i . According to the ground accumulation index I geo , the pollution level is divided into 7 levels [ 36 , 37 ], among which, 0~6 levels are: I geo < 0, no pollution; 0 ≤ I geo < 1, no pollution to moderate pollution; 1 ≤ I geo < 2, moderate pollution; 2 ≤ I geo < 3, moderate pollution to strong pollution; 3 ≤ I geo < 4, strong pollution; 4 ≤ I geo < 5, strong pollution to very strong pollution; I geo ≥ 5, very strong pollution.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial Pattern, Sources Identification, and Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in a Typical Soda Soil from Bayannur, Northwestern China

Zhang

Wang²,

Wang³

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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Soil is an important natural resource in the agricultural areas of northwest China. The heavy metal concentration and ecological risk assessments are crucial for food safety and human health. This work collected 35 surface soil samples and focused on a typical soda soil quality of the Hetao Plain in Bayannur, which is an important grain production base in northern China. The concentration and composition of heavy metal (arsenic (As), cobalt (Co), copper (Cu), lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), mercury (Hg), nickel (Ni), zinc (Zn)), soluble salts, total organic carbon (TOC), and minerals of the surface soils were analyzed to assess the biotoxicity, ecological risk, sources, and influencing factors of heavy metals in these soda soil from this region. The enrichment factors (EF) showed that As, Co, Cu, and Pb were not contaminated in these soils, while Cd, Cr, Hg, Ni, and Zn were lightly contaminated. The index of geoaccumulation (Igeo) for the soda soils indicated that Co and Pb were uncontaminated, and Cr, Cd, Ni, Zn, Hg, Cu, and As were lightly contaminated. The potential ecological risk index (RI) indicated there were no or low risks for As, Co, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Zn. Although the concentrations of Cd and Hg in the soil were low, the two heavy metals exhibited moderate–high ecological risk because they have high biological toxicity. Cd in the soils from Hetao Plain in Bayannur is mainly exchangeable and reducible fractions. The other heavy metals in these soda soils are mainly in residue fraction, implying that their mobility is low and not easily absorbed and used by plants. Heavy metal fractions, principal component analysis (PCA), and correlation analysis showed that As, Co, Cr, Cu, and Pb were mainly from natural sources, while Ni, Cd, and Zn were mainly from anthropogenic discharge-related irrigation, fertilizers, and pesticide application, and Hg was mainly from winter snowfall in the study area. Naturally sourced metal elements have obvious sediment properties, and their adsorption by clay minerals and coupling with organic matter along with sediment transport sorting. The salinity and pH of soda soils in the study area have a highly positive correlation, hence the influence of factors on the concentrations of soil heavy metals are consistent. For anthropogenically imported heavy metals, increasing salinity and pH promote the precipitation of metallic elements in water. Cd is present as an exchangeable and reducible fraction, while Ni and Zn are mainly sequestered by organic matter and clay minerals.

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“…Cadmium levels in each site at northern coast of Central Java of cadmium was 0.027+ 0.021 mg.kg -1 . The heavy metal contamination in the water in vannamei shrimp ponds, it has been found that the health of organisms is negatively affected, especially those involved in vannamei shrimp aquaculture (Zhang et al, 2022). Because of heavy metal contamination, the plankton that is naturally available for vannamei shrimp to feed upon is adversely affected.…”

Section: Heavy Metal Contaminants In Vannamei Shrimp Sediment and Watermentioning

confidence: 99%

Heavy Metal Contamination on Vannamei Shrimp Aquaculture in North Coast of Central Java

Apresia,

Ambariyanto,

Yulianto

et al. 2023

Indo. J. Mar. Sci.

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The North Coast of Central Java receives consignments of waste containing heavy metal contamination from several sources, resulting in a decrease in water quality on the coast. Heavy metal contamination in water sources, such as Pb, Cd, and Cr that will be used in shrimp farming. The impact of Pb, Cd, and Cr can have several adverse effects, such as health risk, ecological imbalance, reduce shrimp growth and productivity, environment pollution. The research was conducted to analyze heavy metal contamination levels in ponds and vannamei shrimp yields on the northern coast of Central Java. The method involved collecting shrimp, water, and sediment samples at nine different locations (Dampyak; Suradadi; Kedongkelor; Danasari; Nyamplungsari; Pesantren; Depok; Wonokerto; Degayu). Heavy metal data were analyzed with SPSS. The mean lead concentrations were 0.52+0.19 mg.kg-1 in sediment, 0.66+0.11 mg.kg-1 in water, and 0.86+0.18 mg.kg-1 in shrimp. Cadmium levels were measured in soil (0.028+0.03 mg.kg-1), water (0.027+0.021 mg.kg-1), and shrimp (0.011+0.004 mg.kg-1). The mean chromium concentrations were 0.51+0.25 mg.kg-1 in sediment, 0.93+0.40 mg.kg-1 in water, and 0.95+0.11 mg.kg-1 in shrimp. Based on the calculation of the average BAF x > 1.0, vannamei shrimp on the northern coast of Central Java have the capability of becoming bioaccumulation and bioindicators. The consumption of vannamei shrimp for 70 years has a lifetime risk of developing cancer due to the LCR value of x > 10-6 on the northern coast of Central Java.

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Distribution, Assessment, and Source of Heavy Metals in Sediments of the Qinjiang River, China

Cited by 22 publications

References 53 publications

Land-Use–Land Cover Changes in the Urban River’s Buffer Zone and Variability of Discharge, Water, and Sediment Quality—A Case of Urban Catchment of the Ngerengere River in Tanzania

Land-Use–Land Cover Changes in the Urban River’s Buffer Zone and Variability of Discharge, Water, and Sediment Quality—A Case of Urban Catchment of the Ngerengere River in Tanzania

Spatial Pattern, Sources Identification, and Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in a Typical Soda Soil from Bayannur, Northwestern China

Heavy Metal Contamination on Vannamei Shrimp Aquaculture in North Coast of Central Java

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