Distribution and Short-Term Effects of Intratracheally Instilled Neutron-Irradiated UO2 Particles in the Rat

Lang, Sakari; Kosma, Veli‐Matti; Kumlin, Timo; Hälinen, A.; Salonen, R O; Servomaa, Kristina; Rytömaa, T.; Ruuskanen, J.

doi:10.1006/enrs.1994.1025

Cited by 10 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Pritchard et al (1985) reported an average of 87% of the instilled dose in the lung lobes immediately after instillation, and Lang et al (1994) found 78%. The remainder presumably was in the trachea and pharynx.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, there are several limitations. The distribution of test material within the lung may be uneven and unlike that after inhalation because test materials are transported by large volumes of water rather than normal movements of air (Costa et al, 1986;Brain et al, 1976;Watson et al, 1969, Lang et al, 1994. Therefore, the kinetics of movement of particles within the lung may not be the same as with inhalation.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Comparison of Synthetic Zeolite Catalysts and Alumina Binders Administered Intratracheally to Rats

Dalbey

Pulkowski²

2000

Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part A

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

An intratracheal (IT) screening assay was performed in rats on a series of aluminosilicate catalysts (synthetic zeolites) and alumina binders to compare their relative ability to cause pulmonary fibrosis and related changes. Before initiation of IT screens, both the uniformity of deposition and residence time of a prototype catalyst in the lung were determined. Subsequently, the test materials were instilled and animals were evaluated 6 mo later for lung volumes, pulmonary pressure-volume curves, pulmonary hydroxyproline (OHPro) content, lung weights, and histopathology. Negative controls were saline and glass beads; the positive control was quartz. The test materials were organic-free ZSM-5 crystals, organic form of ZSM-5 crystals, alumina-bound ZSM-5, nickel/ZSM-5/ Al2O3 binder, used nickel/ZSM-5/Al2O3 binder, nickel-tungsten/ZSM-5/Al2O3 binder, and Bayer pseudoboehmite. For each, groups of 12 male rats were dosed once with either 25 or 50 mg of ground particles (> or =95% less than 2.4 microm). Second to quartz, the sample of alumina caused the most pronounced pulmonary reactions at 6 mo after dosing. Therefore, the effects of four aluminas were subsequently compared (Bayer pseudoboehmite, Bayer gammaAl2O3, Ziegler pseudoboehmite, and Ziegler gammaAl2O3). The results support the idea of a lack of long-term effects from exposure to normal concentrations of these materials in the workplace. Also, the IT assay proved to be a very useful tool for ranking the relative effects of this series of zeolites and aluminas.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Synthetic Zeolite Catalysts and Alumina Binders Administered Intratracheally to Rats

Dalbey

Pulkowski²

2000

Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part A

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Studies have shown that only small uranium particles less than 10 μm in diameter will reach and accumulate in the bronchioles and alveoli, whereas larger particles are effectively cleared by mucociliary clearance (Harley, 1999;WHO, 2001;Gwiazda et al, 2004). These inhaled respirable particles do present a potential health hazard from uranium inhalation, but studies have shown that less than 1% of inhaled uranium actually reaches the kidneys (Morris et al, 1990;Spencer et al, 1990;Lang et al, 1994;Harley, 1999;WHO, 2001;Gwiazda et al, 2004). Studies have demonstrated that of the uranium that is inhaled, 75% is exhaled and 25% is retained in the respiratory tract and lungs.…”

Section: Inhalationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Depleted Uranium

Jiang¹,

Aschner²

2015

Handbook of Toxicology of Chemical Warfare Agents

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…Studies have shown that only small uranium particles less than 10 micrometer in diameter will reach and accumulate in the bronchioles and alveoli, while larger particles are effectively cleared by mucocilliary clearance (Harley et al, 1999;Gwiazda et al, 2004;Petitot et al, 2013). These particles do present a potential health hazard from uranium inhalation, but studies have shown than less than 1% of inhaled uranium actually reaches the kidneys (Morris et al, 1990;Lang et al, 1994;Gwiazda et al, 2004). It has been also demonstrated that of the inhaled uranium, 75% is exhaled and 25% is retained in the respiratory tract and lungs.…”

Section: Inhalationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human Health and Environmental Uranium

Patočka¹

2014

Mil. Med. Sci. Lett.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Uranium from the environment enters the human body by ingestion with food and drink and by inhalation of respirable airborne uranium-containing dust particles or aerosols. A 70 kg, non-occupationally exposed 'Reference Man' living in Europe or in the United States has an estimated total body uranium content of about 22 micrograms. Uranium is absorbed from the intestine or the lungs, enters the bloodstream, and is rapidly deposited in the tissues, predominantly kidney and bone, or excreted into the urine. In the bloodstream, uranium is associated with red cells, and its clearance is relatively rapid. Renal toxicity is a major adverse effect of uranium, but the metal has toxic effects on the cardiovascular system, liver, muscle, and nervous system as well. Any possible direct risk of cancer or other chemical-or radiation-induced health detriments from uranium deposited in the human body is probably less than 0.005% in contrast to an expected indirect risk of 0.2% to 3% through inhaling the radioactive inert gas radon, which is produced by the decay of environmental uranium-238 in rocks and soil and is present in materials that are used to build dwellings and buildings where people live and work.

show abstract

Distribution and Short-Term Effects of Intratracheally Instilled Neutron-Irradiated UO2 Particles in the Rat

Cited by 10 publications

References 0 publications

Comparison of Synthetic Zeolite Catalysts and Alumina Binders Administered Intratracheally to Rats

Comparison of Synthetic Zeolite Catalysts and Alumina Binders Administered Intratracheally to Rats

Depleted Uranium

Human Health and Environmental Uranium

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About