Distribution and Occurrence of Atrazine, Deethylatrazine, and Ametryne Residues in Groundwater of the Tropical Island Barbados

Wood, Beverley P.; Gumbs, F. A.; Headley, John V.

doi:10.1081/css-120014544

Cited by 13 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Indeed, monitoring programs across tropical Australia, Brazil, Chile, Barbados, and Hawaii have detected several relatively polar pesticides in rainwater, surface runoff, and groundwater. These include PSII-inhibiting herbicides (diuron, metribuzin, simazine, atrazine, tebuthiuron, and hexazinone), the chloroacetanilide herbicide metolachlor, the auxin growth regulator 2,4-D, and the neonicotinoid insecticide imidacloprid at concentrations that may pose environmental or human-health risks. − ,− ,− Furthermore, the highly volatile endosulfan continues to be an issue in Brazil. , Indeed, lessons from temperate environments highlight that where pre-emergent, soil-applied pesticides (such as those listed here) are used in large amounts, their off-site migration may be an issue, as they are often highly prone to runoff …”

Section: Environmental Risk Of Pesticides In Tropical Environmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pesticide Behavior, Fate, and Effects in the Tropics: An Overview of the Current State of Knowledge

Lewis

Silburn

Kookana

et al. 2016

J. Agric. Food Chem.

106

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This special issue presents a collection of papers covering the environmental fate, effects, and risk of pesticides in tropical environments, which is expected to facilitate improved management of pesticides. Environmental monitoring programs of surface and ground waters in the tropics, including areas of high ecological value, have detected several relatively polar pesticides at concentrations that are of ecological concern. Novel monitoring techniques have the capacity to reveal the spatial and temporal extent of such risks. To best manage these pesticides, their sorption, dissipation rates, leaching, and runoff potential need to be better understood. On these aspects, important insights have been provided by several studies within this issue. Improved understanding of the environmental fate, effects, and risks through studies presented in this special issue is crucial for minimizing the nontarget impacts of pesticides on biodiversity-rich tropical regions.

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Section: Environmental Risk Of Pesticides In Tropical Environmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pesticide Behavior, Fate, and Effects in the Tropics: An Overview of the Current State of Knowledge

Lewis

Silburn

Kookana

et al. 2016

J. Agric. Food Chem.

106

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“…Although these levels in general were higher than those reported in the literature, lower application rates of atrazine should be considered to preserve the quality of potable water on the island (Wood et al, 2002a). Tappe et al (2002) reported that atrazine was the most frequently applied herbicide in cultivated areas of Germany until it was prohibited in 1991.…”

Section: Xenobiotics Atrazinementioning

confidence: 92%

Fate of Environmental Pollutants

Darnault¹,

Canbulat²,

Canbulat³

et al. 2003

Water Environment Research

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This section covers studies published during the calendar year 2002 on the fate of environmental pollutants in soils, surface waters and groundwaters. Studies related to water quality and sources of pollution by environmental pollutants as well as reaction kinetics and modeling are reviewed in detail. Also included in the coverage of the present review is research on pollutants such as nutrients, xenobiotics, pathogens, metals, biomakers, and radionuclides, as well as studies related to sewage sludge disposal and mine tailing. NUTRIENTS Nitrate and NitrogenEffects of changes in agricultural management practices during the past century on nitrogen (N) contents in midwestern soils were studied by Dinnes et al. (2002).Types of research and management practices needed to reduce the potential for nonpoint nitrate (NO 3 ) leaching into water were also identified. Strategies for reducing NO 3 loss through drainage include improved timing of N application at appropriate rates, using soil tests and plant monitoring, diversifying crop rotations, using cover crops, reducing tillage, optimizing N application techniques, and using Literature Review 2003 underestimate large nitrate fluxes. It was concluded that although the (Net Anthropogenic Nitrogen Inputs) NANI approach does not address several processes that influence the N cycle, it appears to focus on the terms that can be estimated with reasonable certainty and that are correlated with riverine N flux. Paramasivam et al. (2002) evaluated the measured concentrations of NO 3 -N and Brat various depths with those predicted by the Leaching Estimation and Chemistry Model (LEACHM).Four application rates of N (28, 56, 84, and 112 kg N ha -1 ), and 80 kg Brha -1 to a sandy Entisol with 25-yr-old citrus trees were performed. The LEACHM data showed that 21 to 36% of applied fertilizer N leached below the root zone, while tree uptake accounted for 40 to 53%.Analyses of trends in flow, sediment, phosphorus and nitrogen were performed for the Maumee and Sandusky Rivers and for two tributaries to the Sandusky River, Rock and Honey Creeks, using daily average concentrations covering the period 1975-1995. Flow increased at three of the four stations. Total suspended solids decreased and ranged from 18 to 53% over the 21-year period.Soluble reactive phosphorus decreased by 72 to 88%, whereas total phosphorus decreased by 29 to 58% over the 21-year period. Nitrate showed no significant trend in the larger basins, and significant trends in opposite directions in the two smaller watersheds. Total Kjeldahl nitrogen decreased significantly at all stations; decreases ranged from 14 to 57% over the 21-year period. Comparisons using nonparametric, nonlinear trend fits (LOWESS) suggested that changes in fertilizer and manure application rates were the most important cause of trends in phosphorus and total Kjeldahl nitrogen, point sources were insufficient to account for the phosphorus trends (Richards and Baker, 2002). 5 Clark et al. (2002) tried to figure out which agricultural activities in th...

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Contaminants of emerging concern in surface waters in Barbados, West Indies

Edwards

Куликов

Garner-O’Neale

et al. 2017

Environ Monit Assess

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Contaminants of emerging concern (CECs), including pharmaceuticals, artificial sweeteners, steroid hormones, and current-use pesticides have been detected in surface waters around the world, but to date, there have been no reports in the peer-reviewed literature on the levels of these classes of contaminants in freshwater resources in the Caribbean region. In the present study, multi-residue solid phase extraction (SPE) and liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectroscopy (LC-MS/MS) were used to analyze grab samples of surface waters collected from five different watersheds in Barbados, West Indies. The artificial sweeteners (AS), acesulfame, cyclamate, saccharin, and sucralose were widely detected in the watersheds, indicating contamination from domestic wastewater, and the concentrations of these chemical tracers in water were correlated with the concentrations of the non-prescription pharmaceutical, ibuprofen (R values of 0.4-0.6). Surprisingly, the concentrations of another chemical tracer of domestic wastewater, caffeine were not correlated with ibuprofen or AS concentrations. Several other prescription pharmaceuticals and the steroid hormones, estrone and androstenedione, were detected in selected watersheds at low ng/L concentrations. The fungicide, chlorothalonil was widely detected in surface waters at low (< 10 ng/L) concentrations, but the levels of this pesticide were not correlated with the concentrations of the other target analytes, indicating that the source of this pesticide is not domestic wastewater. An informal survey of disposal practices for out of date or unused drugs by pharmacies in Barbados indicated that disposal into trash destined for the landfill and flushing down the sink might be significant sources of contamination of water resources by pharmaceuticals.

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Distribution and Occurrence of Atrazine, Deethylatrazine, and Ametryne Residues in Groundwater of the Tropical Island Barbados

Cited by 13 publications

References 2 publications

Pesticide Behavior, Fate, and Effects in the Tropics: An Overview of the Current State of Knowledge

Pesticide Behavior, Fate, and Effects in the Tropics: An Overview of the Current State of Knowledge

Fate of Environmental Pollutants

Contaminants of emerging concern in surface waters in Barbados, West Indies

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