Distribution and genetic diversity of root‐knot nematodes (<i><scp>M</scp>eloidogyne</i> spp.) in potatoes from South Africa

Onkendi, Edward Makori; Moleleki, Lucy N.

doi:10.1111/ppa.12035

Cited by 36 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Molecular analyses have been used for species identification in several genera of plant-parasitic nematodes, including Globodera, Pratylenchus, Meloidogyne and Radopholus (Powers, 2004;De Luca et al, 2011;Subbotin et al, 2011 ;Trinh et al, 2012;Onkendi & Moleleki, 2013). In the present study, sequence comparison of the region between 18S and 26S rDNA to those available in the public database supported the identity of the nematodes associated with the dry rot symptoms in yams and yampee in Costa Rica as S. bradys.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 75%

Molecular and morphological characterisation of Scutellonema bradys from yam in Costa Rica and development of specific primers for its detection

Humphreys-Pereira

Williamson

Lee

et al. 2014

Nematol

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The yam nematode, Scutellonema bradys, which can cause dry rot disease of yam (Dioscorea spp.), was recorded for the first time from Costa Rica in four species of yam occurring in the Atlantic and north regions. Morphometric measurements from two populations from each region using ten female and 11 male characters corresponded with previous descriptions of this species. Canonical discriminant analysis of the female morphometric data separated the populations by region, whereas no separation by region was evident using the male data. Analysis of DNA sequences from the ITS region indicated that populations from Costa Rica were monophyletic with S. bradys from West Africa and clearly distinct from other Scutellonema species. No genetic separation by geographic region or Dioscorea species host was observed between Costa Rica populations. Species-specific primers were developed from the ITS region and supported the identity of 17 populations from 15 locations in Costa Rica as S. bradys: 14 populations from D. alata (greater or water yam) and one each from D. trifida (white yampee), D. cayenensis (yellow yam) and D. rotundata (white yam). Yam production in Costa Rica began in the Atlantic region, where the yam nematode was likely introduced from the Caribbean, progressively spreading to other locations through the use of infected vegetative planting material.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 75%

Molecular and morphological characterisation of Scutellonema bradys from yam in Costa Rica and development of specific primers for its detection

Humphreys-Pereira

Williamson

Lee

et al. 2014

Nematol

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“…Can new diagnostic tools based on molecular technology be employed together with classical methods to carry out accurate identification? For instance, Onkendi & Moleleki (,b) have recently demonstrated the use of molecular approaches in accurately identifying various Meloidogyne spp. present in potatoes from South Africa.…”

Section: Meloidogyne Species Present In Africamentioning

confidence: 99%

The threat of root‐knot nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.) in Africa: a review

et al. 2014

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Meloidogyne species pose a significant threat to crop production in Africa due to the losses they cause in a wide range of agricultural crops. The direct and indirect damage caused by various Meloidogyne species results in delayed maturity, toppling, reduced yields and quality of crop produce, high costs of production and therefore loss of income. In addition, emergence of resistance-breaking Meloidogyne species has partly rendered various pest management programmes already in place ineffective, therefore putting food security of the continent at risk. It is likely that more losses may be experienced in the future due to the on-going withdrawal of nematicides. To adequately address the threat of Meloidogyne species in Africa, an accurate assessment and understanding of the species present, genetic diversity, population structure, parasitism mechanisms and how each of these factors contribute to the overall threat posed by Meloidogyne species is important. Thus, the ability to accurately characterize and identify Meloidogyne species is crucial if the threat of Meloidogyne species to crop production in Africa is to be effectively tackled. This review discusses the use of traditional versus molecular-based identification methods of Meloidogyne species and how accurate identification using a polyphasic approach can negate the eminent threat of root knot nematodes in crop production. The potential threat to Africa posed by highly damaging and resistance-breaking populations of 'emerging' Meloidogyne species is also examined.

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“…29 The importance of considering as many as possible nematode parameters when investigating aspects such as host plant resistance was highlighted as a result of this research. It is also suggested that the use of host plant resistance in only one crop (soybean in this case) in local rotation cycles with other susceptible crops such as maize 8,10 , sunflower 58 , potato 59 or dry bean 9,11 may not be sufficient for keeping M. incognita population levels below damage-threshold levels in the medium to long term. Also, the use of host-plant resistance as the only management strategy may not provide sufficient protection against nematode pests.…”

Section: Glasshouse and Semi-field Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nematode pests threatening soybean production in South Africa, with reference to Meloidogyne

Fourie¹,

Waele²,

Donald³

et al. 2015

S. Afr. J. Sci.

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DeceasedThe area planted to soybean in South Africa has increased by 54% since the 2009 growing season, mainly as a result of the increasing demand for protein-rich food and fodder sources. Moreover, the introduction of advanced technology, namely the availability of genetically modified herbicide tolerant soybean cultivars also contributed towards increased soybean production. The omnipresence of plant-parasitic nematodes in local agricultural soils, however, poses a threat to the sustainable expansion and production of soybean and other rotation crops. Meloidogyne incognita and M. javanica are the predominant nematode pests in local soybean production areas and those where other grain-, legume-and/or vegetable crops are grown. The lack of registered nematicides for soybean locally, crop production systems that are conducive to nematode pest build-ups as well as the limited availability of genetic host plant resistance to root-knot nematode pests, complicate their management. Research aimed at various aspects related to soybean-nematode research, namely, audits of nematode assemblages associated with the crop, identification of genetic host plant resistance in soybean germplasm to M. incognita and M. javanica, the use of molecular markers that are linked to such genetic resistance traits as well as agronomic performance of pre-released cultivars that can be valuable to producers and the industry are accentuated in this review. Evaluation of syntheticallyderived as well as biological-control agents are also discussed as complementary management tactics. It is important that lessons learned through extensive research on soybean-nematode interactions in South Africa be shared with researchers and industries in other countries as they might experience or expect similar problems and/or challenges.

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Distribution and genetic diversity of root‐knot nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.) in potatoes from South Africa

Cited by 36 publications

References 24 publications

Molecular and morphological characterisation of Scutellonema bradys from yam in Costa Rica and development of specific primers for its detection

Molecular and morphological characterisation of Scutellonema bradys from yam in Costa Rica and development of specific primers for its detection

The threat of root‐knot nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.) in Africa: a review

Nematode pests threatening soybean production in South Africa, with reference to Meloidogyne

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