Distribution and Fate of the Insect Repellent <sup>14</sup>C‐N, N‐diethyl‐m‐toluamide in the Animal Body. II. Distribution and Excretion after Cutaneous Application

Blomquist, Lars; Thorsell, W.

doi:10.1111/j.1600-0773.1977.tb02144.x

Cited by 39 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 7 publications

(5 reference statements)

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“…The rate of excretion was slower when administered on the skin in comparison to oral administration (Schoenig et al, 1996). These findings are consistent with earlier studies of radiolabeled [ 14 C]DEET, which reported that after dermal application to mouse skin some of the radioactivity was retained in the superficial skin, even after washing with ethanol (Blomquist and Thorsell, 1977).…”

Section: Absorption Distribution Metabolism and Excretion In Ratssupporting

confidence: 92%

Deet

Sudakin

Osimitz

2010

Hayes' Handbook of Pesticide Toxicology

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Section: Absorption Distribution Metabolism and Excretion In Ratssupporting

confidence: 92%

Deet

Sudakin

Osimitz

2010

Hayes' Handbook of Pesticide Toxicology

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“…Between 3.8% and 17% of DEET applied to skin is absorbed within hours of application and is rapidly excreted via urine [4][5][6]. DEET is metabolized in the body when absorbed, resulting in the creation of a primary metabolite N,N-diethyl-m-(hydroxymethyl)benzamide (DHMB) [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of an observational exposure human biomonitoring study to assess Canadian children’s DEET exposure during protective use

Gibson

Marro²,

Borghese³

et al. 2022

PLoS ONE

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Biomonitoring data of N,N-diethyl-meta-toluamide (DEET) in children is scarce and limited to controlled exposure and surveillance studies. We conducted a 24-hour observational exposure and human biomonitoring study designed to estimate use of and exposure to DEET-based insect repellents by Canadian children in an overnight summer camp setting. Here, we present our study design and methodology. In 2019, children between the ages of 7 and 13 took part in the study (n = 126). Children controlled their use of DEET-based insect repellents, and provided an account of their activities at camp that could impact insect repellent absorption. Children provided a total of 389 urine samples throughout the study day, and reported the time that they applied insect repellent, which allowed us to contextualize urinary DEET and metabolite concentrations with respect to the timing of insect repellent application. DEET (2.3% <Limits of detection (LOD)) and two metabolites, N,N-diethyl-m-(hydroxymethyl)benzamide (DHMB) (0% <LOD) and 3-diethylcarbamoyl benzoic acid (DCBA) (0% <LOD), were measured in urine samples. Three time difference scenarios were established for the data and analysed to account for these complex time-dependent data, which demonstrated the need for DEET biomonitoring to be done in context with the timing of a known DEET exposure or over the course of at least 14 to 24 hours to better capture the excretion curve. To our knowledge, this is the first field-based study of real-world exposure to DEET in children. Our experience and results suggest that this type of real-world observational exposure study with a human biomonitoring component can generate data reflective of actual exposure, but is not without significant logistic, practical, and analytical challenges.

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Severe Toxic Reactions and Death Following the Ingestion of Diethyltoluamide-Containing Insect Repellents

Tenenbein¹

1987

JAMA

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N,N-diethyl-m-toluamide (DEET) is the most commonly used mosquito repellent. This report describes five cases of toxic reactions after ingestion of insect repellents containing DEET. Each patient ingested large amounts of concentrated (47.5% to 95%) products. Their common symptoms and signs were coma, seizures, and hypotension occurring within one hour of ingestion. Two patients died; three survivors had no sequelae. The two patients who died had serum DEET levels of 0.88 mmol/L (16.8 mg/dL) and 1.25 mmol/L (24 mg/dL). It is concluded that the ingestion of DEET can produce severe toxic reactions of rapid onset that may be fatal in some instances.

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Distribution and Fate of the Insect Repellent ¹⁴C‐N, N‐diethyl‐m‐toluamide in the Animal Body. II. Distribution and Excretion after Cutaneous Application

Cited by 39 publications

References 7 publications

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Deet

Development of an observational exposure human biomonitoring study to assess Canadian children’s DEET exposure during protective use

Severe Toxic Reactions and Death Following the Ingestion of Diethyltoluamide-Containing Insect Repellents

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Distribution and Fate of the Insect Repellent 14C‐N, N‐diethyl‐m‐toluamide in the Animal Body. II. Distribution and Excretion after Cutaneous Application

Cited by 39 publications

References 7 publications

Deet

Deet

Development of an observational exposure human biomonitoring study to assess Canadian children’s DEET exposure during protective use

Severe Toxic Reactions and Death Following the Ingestion of Diethyltoluamide-Containing Insect Repellents

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Distribution and Fate of the Insect Repellent ¹⁴C‐N, N‐diethyl‐m‐toluamide in the Animal Body. II. Distribution and Excretion after Cutaneous Application