Distribution and ecological risk assessment of HCHs and DDTs in surface seawater and sediment of the mariculture area of Jincheng Bay, China

Abstract

The distribution of hexachlorocyclohexanes (HCHs) and dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethanes (DDTs) in the surface seawater and sediment of Jincheng Bay mariculture area were investigated in the present study. The concentration of total HCHs and DDTs ranged from 2.98 to 14.87 ng L −1 and were < 0.032 ng L −1 , respectively, in surface seawater, and ranged from 5.52 to 9.43 and from 4.11 to 6.72 ng g −1 , respectively, in surface sediment. It was deduced from the composition profile of HCH isomers and DDT congeners that HCH residues derived from a mixture of technical-grade HCH and lindane whereas the DDT residues derived from technical-grade DDT and dicofol. Moreover, both HCH and DDT residues may mainly originate from historical inputs. The hazard quotient of α-HCH, β-HCH, γ-HCH and δ-HCH to marine species was 0.030, 0.157, 3.008 and 0.008, respectively. It was estimated that the overall probability of adverse biological effect from HCHs was less than 5%, indicating that its risk to seawater column species was low. The threshold effect concentration exceeding frequency of γ-HCH, p,p '-DDD, p,p'-DDE and p,p'-DDT in sediment ranged from 8.3% to 100%, and the relative concentration of the HCH and DDT mixture exceeded their probable effect level in sediment. These findings indicated that the risk to marine benthos was high and potentially detrimental to the safety of aquatic products, e.g., sea cucumber and benthic shellfish.

Ecological risk assessment of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in surface sediments from aquaculture system

“…According to Mueller et al (2011), DDT was widely used for crop and livestock protection from the 1950s, whereas in residential, commercial and industrial area, DDT was applied for mosquito control. In the present study, overall, concentrations of P DDTs in the northern part of the Central Java coast were lower than those reported from sediment of shrimp mariculture farm in Hongkong, from 9.95 to 44.4 mg kg-1 with an average of 23.9 mg kg-1 (Wang et al, 2014), but higher than those from sediment of Jincheng Bay mariculture area, China, in a concentration range from 4.1 to 6.7 mg kg-1 (Hu et al, 2015).…”

“…As shown in Regency, ranged from 34.4 ± 2.3e70.5 ± 6.4 mg kg-1 with a mean of 54.7 ± 18.4 mg kg-1. those values were greater than those concentrations of P HCHs in surface sediments under mariculture facilities in Hongkong, ranged from 5.6 to 20.4 ng g À1 with a mean of 13.2 ng g À1 (Wang et al, 2014) and Jincheng Bay mariculture area, China with the concentration of total HCHs range from 5.52 to 9.43 mg kg-1 (Hu et al, 2015).…”

Residues of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) in aquatic environment and risk assessment along Shaying River, China

“…where C is the measured concentration and PNEC is the predicted no-effect concentrations for a particular OCP, respectively. The PNEC data were obtained from ECOTOX database (http://www.epa.gov/ecotox) and some articles (Hu et al 2015;Ogbeide et al 2015;Vryzas et al 2011), where the value was calculated by multiplying the laboratory toxicology data with an assessment factor (AF) which takes into account the uncertainty between laboratory toxicity tests with real environment. The classification of ecological risks was different according to various assessment standards and management purposes.…”

Two-Dimensional J-Resolved NMR Analyses of Fish and Its Products via Spatially Encoded Intermolecular Double-Quantum Coherences

“…One of fish products, caviar, has been widely used as food substances. Due to the water pollution in recent years, food safeties of aquatic products draw great attention in markets, and the related quality control is indispensable (Hu et al 2015;Lolic et al 2015;Rocco et al 2015). Another popular fish product, cod liver oils, extracted from marine fish livers, are widely accepted by children for prevention of Night blindness and Rickets (Kristinsdottir et al 2011;Lanska 2010;Semba and Semba 2012).…”