Distribution and diet of demersal Arctic Cod, Boreogadus saida, in relation to habitat characteristics in the Canadian Beaufort Sea

Majewski, Andrew; Walkusz, Wojciech; Lynn, Brittany R.; Atchison, Sheila; Eert, Jane; Reist, James D.

doi:10.1007/s00300-015-1857-y

Cited by 56 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…However, there is data on the depth distribution of the 2 species in other areas in the Arctic and they are known to distribute at different depths. Arctic cod are considered a semi-pelagic species as young are found in the pelagic zone, but adults are found near the bottom (Falk-Petersen et al 1986, Majewski et al 2016. Belugas in the Canadian High Arctic typically select larger Arctic cod as prey (~180 to 200 mm) (Matley et al 2015), and prey of this size class are typically found at depths of 200 to 400 m (FalkPetersen et al 1986, Christiansen et al 2012, Hauser et al 2015, Majewski et al 2016.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Arctic cod are considered a semi-pelagic species as young are found in the pelagic zone, but adults are found near the bottom (Falk-Petersen et al 1986, Majewski et al 2016. Belugas in the Canadian High Arctic typically select larger Arctic cod as prey (~180 to 200 mm) (Matley et al 2015), and prey of this size class are typically found at depths of 200 to 400 m (FalkPetersen et al 1986, Christiansen et al 2012, Hauser et al 2015, Majewski et al 2016. Capelin, on the other hand, are found in shallower waters, typically from 50 to 100 m in the Gulf of Alaska (Brown 2002), and capelin found in stomachs of belugas from Alaska measured an average of 124 mm in length (Quakenbush et al 2015).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A shift in foraging behaviour of beluga whales Delphinapterus leucas from the threatened Cumberland Sound population may reflect a changing Arctic food web

Watt¹,

Orr²,

Ferguson³

2016

Endang. Species. Res.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A shift in foraging behaviour of beluga whales Delphinapterus leucas from the threatened Cumberland Sound population may reflect a changing Arctic food web

Watt¹,

Orr²,

Ferguson³

2016

Endang. Species. Res.

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“…In the West, nutrient-rich waters from the Pacific Ocean and Bering Sea flow northwards through the Bering Strait and southern Chukchi Sea leading to enhanced pelagic and benthic faunal biomass (Grebmeier, Cooper, Feder, & Sirenko, 2006). Higher zooplankton biomass occurs along the continental shelf and shelf break to the Mackenzie Delta (Grebmeier et al, 2006) where zooplankton become entrained via mesoscale physical processes (i.e., upwelling and eddies) that attract zooplanktivorous fish such as Arctic cod (Boreogadus saida; Logerwell, Rand, & Weingartner, 2011;Majewski et al, 2015)-a key prey item for higher trophic-level Arctic predators (Welch, Crawford, & Hop, 1993). These hotspot areas encompassed marine predator hotspots documented in Citta et al (2018) and Kuletz et al (2015).…”

Section: Spatio-temporal Hotspots Of Arctic Marine Predatorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Abundance and species diversity hotspots of tracked marine predators across the North American Arctic

Yurkowski

Auger‐Méthé

Mallory

et al. 2018

Diversity and Distributions

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Aim Climate change is altering marine ecosystems worldwide and is most pronounced in the Arctic. Economic development is increasing leading to more disturbances and pressures on Arctic wildlife. Identifying areas that support higher levels of predator abundance and biodiversity is important for the implementation of targeted conservation measures across the Arctic. Location Primarily Canadian Arctic marine waters but also parts of the United States, Greenland and Russia. Methods We compiled the largest data set of existing telemetry data for marine predators in the North American Arctic consisting of 1,283 individuals from 21 species. Data were arranged into four species groups: (a) cetaceans and pinnipeds, (b) polar bears Ursus maritimus (c) seabirds, and (d) fishes to address the following objectives: (a) to identify abundance hotspots for each species group in the summer–autumn and winter–spring; (b) to identify species diversity hotspots across all species groups and extent of overlap with exclusive economic zones; and (c) to perform a gap analysis that assesses amount of overlap between species diversity hotspots with existing protected areas. Results Abundance and species diversity hotpots during summer–autumn and winter–spring were identified in Baffin Bay, Davis Strait, Hudson Bay, Hudson Strait, Amundsen Gulf, and the Beaufort, Chukchi and Bering seas both within and across species groups. Abundance and species diversity hotpots occurred within the continental slope in summer–autumn and offshore in areas of moving pack ice in winter–spring. Gap analysis revealed that the current level of conservation protection that overlaps species diversity hotspots is low covering only 5% (77,498 km2) in summer–autumn and 7% (83,202 km2) in winter–spring. Main conclusions We identified several areas of potential importance for Arctic marine predators that could provide policymakers with a starting point for conservation measures given the multitude of threats facing the Arctic. These results are relevant to multilevel and multinational governance to protect this vulnerable ecosystem in our rapidly changing world.

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“…Sea ice is an important habitat feature for many Arctic marine animals: reproduction in Arctic zooplankton is linked to blooms in sea ice algae (Leu et al 2011), Arctic cod (Boreogadus saida (Lepechin, 1774)), considered a keystone species in the Arctic food web (Bradstreet et al 1986;Majewski et al 2016), are often associated with sea ice (Gradinger and Bluhm 2004), ringed seal (Pusa hispida (Schreber, 1775)) movement behaviour is highly altered by the distribution of sea ice (Hamilton et al 2015), and beluga whales (Delphinapterus leucas (Pallas, 1776)) modify migration timing and other behaviour in response to sea ice Hauser et al 2017a). This loss of sea ice is also making the Arctic more accessible, making it prone to increased anthropogenic disturbance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonal patterns in acoustic detections of marine mammals near Sachs Harbour, Northwest Territories

et al. 2017

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The Arctic is changing rapidly, leading to changes in habitat availability and increased anthropogenic disturbance. Information on the distribution of animals is needed as these changes occur. We examine seasonal presence of marine mammals in the western Canadian Arctic near Sachs Harbour, Northwest Territories, using passive acoustic monitoring between 2015 and 2016. We also examined the influence of environmental variables (ice concentration and distance, wind speed) on the presence of these species. Both bowhead whales (Balaena mysticetus) and beluga whales (Delphinapterus leucas) arrived in late April, and belugas departed in mid-August, while bowheads departed in late October. Bearded seal (Erignathus barbatus) vocalizations began in October, peaked from April through June, and stopped in early July. Ringed seals (Pusa hispida) vocalized occasionally in all months, but were generally quiet. Whales migrated in as the ice broke up and migrated out before ice formed in the autumn. Bearded seals started vocalizing as ice formed and stopped once ice was almost gone. Given the importance of sea ice to the timing of migration of whales and vocalization by bearded seals, the trends that we present here may change in the future due to the increasing ice-free season caused by climate change. Our study therefore serves as a baseline with which to monitor future change.Key words: climate change, conservation, passive acoustic monitoring, sea ice.Résumé : L'Arctique change rapidement, menant à des changements dans la disponibilité des habitats et l'augmentation des perturbations anthropiques. Les informations sur la répartition des animaux sont nécessaires à mesure que ces changements surviennent. Nous examinons la présence saisonnière de mammifères marins dans l'ouest de l'Arctique canadien près du havre Sachs, dans les Territoires du Nord-Ouest, en faisant de la surveillance acoustique passive entre 2015 et 2016. Nous avons aussi examiné les effets des variables environnementales (la concentration et la distance de la glace, la vitesse des vents) sur la présence de ces espèces. Tant les baleines boréales (Balaena mysticetus) que les bélugas (Delphinapterus leucas) sont arrivés à la fin avril et les bélugas sont repartis à la miaoût, tandis que les baleines boréales sont reparties à la fin octobre. Les vocalisations de phoques barbus (Erignathus barbatus) ont commencé en octobre, ont atteint un niveau maximal d'avril à juin et se sont arrêtées début juillet. Bien qu'ils aient été généralement silencieux, les phoques annelés (Pusa hispida) ont vocalisé de temps à autre au cours de tous les mois. Les baleines ont migré dans la région lorsque la glace s'est dispersée et ont migré hors

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Distribution and diet of demersal Arctic Cod, Boreogadus saida, in relation to habitat characteristics in the Canadian Beaufort Sea

Cited by 56 publications

References 30 publications

A shift in foraging behaviour of beluga whales Delphinapterus leucas from the threatened Cumberland Sound population may reflect a changing Arctic food web

A shift in foraging behaviour of beluga whales Delphinapterus leucas from the threatened Cumberland Sound population may reflect a changing Arctic food web

Abundance and species diversity hotspots of tracked marine predators across the North American Arctic

Seasonal patterns in acoustic detections of marine mammals near Sachs Harbour, Northwest Territories

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